ELEC2501 - Problem Set 9

Solution

9.1 Given the network below find ω0, | V0 (ω0)| and Q.

Solution:
1 1
Resonance occurs when ω L = → ω0 =
ωC LC
1
ω0 = = 7071rad / s
20mH *1μ F
During the resonance:

60∠0o
I (ω0 ) = 6∠0o
10
1
V (ω0 ) = I (ω0 ) * Z C = 6∠0o *( ) = 6∠0o *141.426∠ − 90o =
jωC
= 848.546∠ − 90o (V )

| Vc | | V0 (ωS ) | 848.54
Q= = = = 14.14
| Vs | | VS | 60
|V | 1 |V | 1
Note: in this case | VC |= S * → C =Q= ;
R ωC | VS | ωCR

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9.2 Repeat the problem 9.1 if the value of R is changed to 1Ω.

Solution:
ω0 = 7071rad / s (as L and C are uncharged)

60∠00
I (ω0 ) = = 60∠00
1
V0 (ω0 ) = I (ω0 ) * Z C = 60∠00 *141.42∠ − 900 =
=
= 8485.36∠ − 90 o (V )
| V0 (ω0 ) |= 8485.36(V )
| V (ω ) | 8485.36
Q= 0 0 = = 141.42
| Vs | 60
Note that since Q ∝ 1 / R (in this case)
R ↓ ×10 Q ↑ ×10

9.3 Determine the resonant frequency, Q, BW and the average power dissipated by the
network at resonance.

Solution:
1 1
ω0 = = = 2000rad / s
LC 50mH * 5μF
| Vs |
| VL |= Is * ω 0 * L = * ω0 L
R
| V L | | Vs |
Q= = * ω 0 L / | Vs |= ω 0 L / R = 2000 * 50mH / 2Ω = 50
| Vs | R
ω 2000
Bandwidth BW= Δω = 0 = = 40rad / s
Q 50
Power resonance:

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Vavg = Avg (10 cos ωt ) = 10 / 2
10 2 1
Pavg = Vavg / R = ( ) ⋅ = 25Watt
2 2

9.4 In the circuit below, if magnitude of the current at resonance is 10A,

ω0 = 1000rad / s , find ,Q and the bandwidth of the circuit.

Solution:
Given ω0 = 1000rad / s I 0 = 10 A
1 1 1
ω0 = ⇒C = = = 100μF
LC Lω0 10mH * (1000) 2
2

|V |
Resonance: | I 0 |= 10 A ⇒ R = S = 20 \ 10 = 2Ω
| I0 |
| VL |= I d ωL = 10 *1000 *10mH = 100V
|V |
Q = L = 100 / 20 = 5
| VS |
ω0
BW = = 1000 / 5 = 200rad / s
Q

9.5 Find I0 in the circuit below using nodal analysis.

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Solution:

At the node#1:
⎛ 0 − V1 ⎞ ⎛ V2 − V1 ⎞
20m + ⎜ ⎟+⎜ ⎟=0
⎝ 4kΩ ⎠ ⎝ 3kΩ ⎠
240 + (−3V1 ) + 4V2 + (−4V1 ) = 0
4V2 = 7V1 − 240

V2 = 7V1 / 4 − 60 ; [1]

At the node#2:
⎛ V1 − V2 ⎞ ⎛ V2 − 0 ⎞ ⎛ 0 − V2 ⎞
⎜ ⎟−⎜ ⎟+⎜ ⎟=0
⎝ 3kΩ ⎠ ⎝ 2kΩ ⎠ ⎝ 2kΩ ⎠
2V1 − 2V2 − 3V2 − 3V2 = 0
2V1 = 8V2
V 1 = 4V 2 ; [2]

Let’s substitute eq.[2] into eq.[1]:

7
V2 = (4V2 ) − 60
4
V2 = 10V
I 0 = 10V / 2kΩ = 5mA

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9.6 Find I0 in the circuit below using nodal analysis

Solution:

⎛ 24V − V1 ⎞ ⎛ 0 − V1 ⎞ ⎛ V1 − (−12V ) ⎞
⎜ ⎟+⎜ ⎟−⎜ ⎟=0
⎝ 6kΩ ⎠ ⎝ 3kΩ ⎠ ⎝ 2kΩ ⎠
24V − V1 − 2V1 − 3V1 − 36 = 0
V1 = −2V
V − (−12V ) − 2V + 12V
I0 = 1 = = 5mA
2kΩ 2kΩ

9.7 Find I0 in the circuit below using nodal analysis

Solution:

At the node#1:

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⎛ − 30V − V1 ⎞ ⎛ 0 − V1 ⎞ ⎛ V2 − V1 ⎞
⎜ ⎟+⎜ ⎟+⎜ ⎟=0
⎝ 2kΩ ⎠ ⎝ 2kΩ ⎠ ⎝ 2kΩ ⎠
− 30V − V1 − V1 + V2 − V1 = 0;
V2 = 3V1 + 30V ; [3]

At the node#2:
⎛ V1 − V2 ⎞ ⎛ 0 − V2 ⎞
⎜ ⎟+⎜ ⎟ + 10mA = 0;
⎝ 2kΩ ⎠ ⎝ 2kΩ ⎠
V1 − V2 − V2 + 20V = 0;
V1 = 2V2 − 20V ; [4]

Let’s substitute [4] into [3]:

V2 = 3(2V2 − 20V ) + 30V
V2 = 6V
Let’s substitute V2 into eq. [4]:
V1 = 2(6V ) − 20V = −8V
V1 − V2
I0 = = −7 mA
2kΩ

9.8 Find I1 in the circuit below using nodal analysis

Solution:

It can be noted that node#2 is just (V1-6V)

Node#1:

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 ⎛ 0 − V1 ⎞ ⎛ 0 − (V1 − 6V ) ⎞
4mA + ⎜ ⎟−⎜ ⎟ = 0;
⎝ 3kΩ ⎠ ⎝ 6kΩ ⎠
24V − 2V1 − V1 + 6V = 0;
V1 = 10V
V −0
I1 = 1 = 10V / 3kΩ = 3.33mA
3kΩ

9.9 Use loop analysis to find V0 in the circuit below:

Solution:
Loop 1:
1kΩI1 + 2kΩI1 + 3kΩ( I1 − I 2 ) + 12V = 0;
6kΩI1 − 3kΩI 2 + 12V = 0;
I1 − 0.5 I 2 + 2mA = 0; [5]

Loop 2:
− 12V + 3kΩ( I 2 − I1 ) + 2kΩI 2 + 1kΩI1 = 0;
6kΩI 2 − 3kΩI1 − 12V = 0;
I 2 = 0.5 I1 + 2mA ; [6]
Let’s substitute eq.[6] into eq.[5]:
I1 − 0.5(0.5 I1 + 2mA) + 2mA = 0;
I1 = −1.33mA
I 2 = 0.5(4 / 3)mA + 2mA = 1.333mA
V0 = 1.333mA *1kΩ = 1.333V

9.10 Use loop analysis to find V0 in the circuit below:

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Solution:
Loop 1:
− 24V + 3kΩI1 + 6kΩ( I1 − I 2 ) = 0;
9kΩI1 − 6kΩI 2 − 24V = 0;

2 8
I1 = I 2 + mA
3 3
But I2 is known to be 4mA:
2 8 16
I1 = 4mA + mA = mA
3 3 3
Loop 2:
6kΩ( I 2 − I1 ) + 2kΩI 2 + V0 = 0
16
6kΩ(4mA − mA) + 2kΩ4mA + V0 = 0
3
6kΩ(−1.333mA) + 2kΩ4mA + V0 = 0
V0 = 0V

9.11 Use loop analysis to find V0 in the circuit below:

Solution:

Loop 1: − 24V + 3kΩ( I1 − I 3 ) + 6kΩ( I1 − I 2 ) = 0 ; [1]

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Loop 2: 6kΩ( I 2 − I1 ) − VS + 2kΩI 2 = 0; [2]
Loop 3: 3kΩ( I 3 − I1 ) + 4kΩI 3 + VS ; [3]
I 3 − I 2 = 4mA → I 3 = I 2 + 4mA [4]

Let’s insert eq. [4] into eq. [3]:

3kΩ(( I 2 + 4mA) − I1 ) + 4kΩ( I 2 + 4mA) + Vs = 0
3kΩI 2 + 12V − 3kΩI1 + 4kΩI 2 + 16V + Vs = 0
7kΩI 2 − 3kΩI1 + 28V + Vs = 0; [5]

Let’s substitute [4] into [1]:

− 24V + 3kΩ( I1 − ( I 2 + 4mA)) + 6kΩ( I1 − I 2 ) = 0
− 24V + 3kΩI1 − 3kΩI 2 − 12V + 6kΩI1 − 6kΩI 2 = 0
9kΩI1 − 9kΩI 2 − 36V = 0 ; [6]

When eq. [2]:

6kΩ( I 2 − I1 ) − VS + 2kΩI 2 = 0;
8kΩI 2 − 6kΩI1 − VS = 0

Eq. [5] and [2] together:

15kΩI 2 − 9kΩI1 + 28V = 0; [7]

Eq. [6] and [7] together:

6kΩI 2 − 8V = 0
I 2 = 8 / 6mA = 1.333mA ; [8]
Let’s substitute eq. [8] into eq. [6]:
9kΩI1 − 9kΩ(1.333mA) − 36V = 0;
9kΩI1 = 12V + 36V
I1 = 5.333mA
I 0 = I1 − I 2 = 5.333mA − 1.333mA = 4mA

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