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1. Which of the following is not a characteristic of experimental research?

(A) The focus of the research is on numerical data

(B) The goal of the research is to test hypothesis

(C) The research design is flexible and emerging

(D) The data analysis is by deductive approach

2. The type of research method used is decided by the purpose of the study.
What is the purpose in using an applied research method?

(A) To test a theory

(B) To solve a problem

(C) To extend knowledge

(D) To replicate a previous study

3. A researcher seeks to examine the effect of using ICT (Information
Communication Technology) on the Year 6 students science achievement.
What kind of research would be most suitable for this purpose?

(A) Survey research

(B) Historical research

(C) Case study research

(D) Experimental research

4. Which one of the following does not correctly show the difference between
an action research and a formal research?



Characteristics


Formal research


Action research

(A)

Results are published in
journals.


Results are shared with colleagues
and on on-line networks.


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(B) Sampling is usually by
convenience sampling.

Sampling is by random or
representative.


(C)

Extensive literature review of
primary source.

Limited literature review of
secondary source.


(D)

Contribution of knowledge
base.


Contribution to practice.

5. Unlike what Lewins model seems to suggest, the general idea
when doing action research should not be fixed, reconnaissance
should not be mere fact-finding and implementation should not be
straight forward implementation. In fact the general idea should be
allowed to shift, reconnaissance involve analysis and fact finding that
are constantly spiral and implementation should not proceed to
evaluate the effects of an action until one has monitored the extent to
which it has been implemented.

Analyse the statements above and identify the action research model.

(A) John Elliots Model

(B) David Ebbutts Model

(C) Stephen Kemmiss Model

(D) Jack Whiteheads Model

6. Kurt Lewins model of action research has four distinct systematically
implemented stages.
Which of the following sequence correctly identifies the four stages
systematically?

(A) Observing Planning Acting Reflection

(B) Acting Planning Observing Reflection

(C) Planning Acting Observing Reflection

(D) Planning Observing Acting Reflection


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7. Purposeful sampling is commonly used in qualitative research. If a researcher
wants to select students who are identified with gangsterism problems, the
most appropriate strategy to select the samples would be

(A) extreme purposeful sampling

(B) intensity purposeful sampling

(C) typical case purposeful sampling

(D) convenience purposeful sampling

8. Listed below are some of the sections commonly found in an action research
proposal.
Arrange the sections systematically according to the format of a research
proposal.

I. Sampling

II. Action plan

III. Literature review

IV. Research question

V. Implementation

(A) IV III I II V

(B) IV I III II V

(C) IV II I III V

(D) IV III II I V

9. In order to help improve her performance, a science teacher intends to study
the feelings and opinions of her students towards her teaching method.
Choose the best data gathering techniques for the study.

(A) Interview

(B) Check list

(C) Observation

(D) Content analysis of journal


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10. Anecdotal records are sources of qualitative data. Researchers
must however be careful to only choose those records that are credible.
Choose the one that is worth considering as a credible data.

(A) The students are poor in their studies because they do not complete
their homework in time

(B) The students are not committed in their studies because they did not
do their homework last Tuesday

(C) The students who do their homework in time will always perform well in
their studies

(D) The students did not complete their homework that was given to them
last Tuesday

11. An educationist wants to compare the attitude of her year six students towards
the learning of science. She used a questionnaire to collect her data from all her
students once in January and again in November of the same year in order to
compare.
Which of the following would be a serious threat to the internal validity of her
study?

(A) Mortality

(B) Selection

(C) Maturation

(D) Regression

12. In an action research, the teacher wants to study the impact of her innovative
teaching method in improving the learning of her Year 4 science students. She
starts to collect her data by using a questionnaire. She also uses interview and
observation techniques to gather further data.
This process of collecting multiple data from her students will help to strengthen
all of the following except

(A) accuracy of her findings

(B) credibility of her findings

(C) reliability of her findings

(D) trustworthiness of her findings



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13. You are presented here with two examples of records from a teachers
journal.
Example I: Although the science practical class was to start at 7.30am, there
were no signs of any student. This is the third time this has
happened. Eventually the students started to trickle in at 7.50am and
I could finally start the lesson at 8.00am.

Example II: When I entered the class it was so noisy and no one took notice of
my arrival. Students were still busy walking around and talking. Then
I decided to use the bell that Ive brought along for the science
lesson to draw their attention. It was amazing how they all just
rushed to their seats and got ready for the lesson.
Under which categories would these two units of data be most probably coded?

Example I Example II
(A) Classroom setting

Process
(B) Science lesson

Classroom interaction
(C) Events

Strategies
(D) Delayed lesson

Discipline

14. Calculate the median from the following set of values.

24, 12, 20, 24, 16, 14, 24, 18, 26, 22

(A) 20

(B) 21

(C) 22

(D) 24

15. In a study to find the relationship between the scores obtained in a mathematics
test and a science test, the correlation coefficient was found to be +0.15. This
result should be interpreted as
(A) students who scored low in mathematics scored high in science

(B) students who scored high in mathematics scored low in science

(C) students who scored high in mathematics also scored high in science

(D) students scores in mathematics are not strongly related to their scores in
science

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16. Study the information below and select the answer that correctly uses the
American Psychological Associations format in citing references in the reference
section.

Authors: Zeichner, K and Liston, D
Date of publication: 1987
Article title: Teaching student teachers to reflect
Journal title: Harvard Educational Review
Publication information: Volume 57, pages 23-48
(A) Zeichner, K & Liston, D. (1987). Teaching student teachers to reflect.
Harvard Educational Review, 57, 23-48.
(B) Zeichner, K & Liston, D. (1987). Teaching student teachers to reflect.
Harvard Educational Review, Vol 57, p 23-48.
(C) Zeichner, K & Liston, D. (1987). Teaching student teachers to reflect.
Harvard Educational Review, 57, 23-48.
(D) Zeichner, K & Liston, D. 1987. Teaching student teachers to reflect.
Harvard Educational Review, 57, 23-48.

17. In the implication section of a research report the researcher wrote the following:

The findings of the research shows that when teachers plan their lessons
carefully on the use of hands-on activities, students learning improves.
Therefore complex scientific concepts are better taught through careful planning
of the teaching and learning process. As such, teacher education programmes
should also focus on improving students planning skills for the use of hands-on
activities for science lessons.

The weakness of this implication section is that it
(A) is not speculative
(B) has no implication for practice
(C) does not extent the knowledge of the problem
(D) does not offer suggestions for further research

18. When writing an action research article, the format must contain sections that are
systematically arranged to indicate scientific approach. Complete the format below to
show a systematic action research article format.
I. Abstract
II. The context
III. Research focus
IV. ______________
V. ______________
VI. ______________
VII. ______________
VIII. Reflection & Implication
IX. The Next Step
X. Bibliography

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IV V VI VII

(A) Implimentation
of Action Plan
Action Plan Data Collection
Methods
Data Analysis &
Interpretation

(B) Action Plan Implimentation
of Action Plan
Data Collection
Methods
Data Analysis &
Interpretation

(C) Data Collection
Methods
Action Plan Data Analysis &
Interpretation
Implimentation of
Action Plan

(D) Data Collection
Methods
Data Analysis
&
Interpretation

Action Plan Implimentation of
Action Plan

19. Refereed articles are generally regarded more highly than non-refereed
articles. The main reason is that it has been

(A) presented in a seminar

(B) verified by a panel of experts

(C) defended in an oral examination

(D) supervised by the research supervisor

20. An article can be rejected for publication by a journal publisher for several
reasons. Which of the following is not a possible reason for the rejection?

(A) The article is too long

(B) Inappropriate sampling methods

(C) Validity and reliability is not established

(D) The results did not prove the alternative hypothesis









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1. C 11. C

2. B 12. C

3. D 13. C

4. B 14. B

5. A 15. D


6. C 16. C

7. A 17. D

8. A 18. B

9. A 19. B

10. C 20. D