FEMALE SEXUAL ORGANS

 Ovarium : tempat diproduksi sel telur, terdapat

dikiri dan kanan pinggang)
 Ovum : sel telur diproduksi tiap bulan ( 28 hari

sekali )
 Tuba Follophii ( Oviduck ) : saluran telur, tempat

terjadinya fertilisasi.
 Uterus ( Rahim ) : tempat terjadinya implantasi, dan

pembesaran janin
 Vagina: tempat pengeluaran janin, dan alat

senggama
 Bagian dalam: ovarium, ovum, tuba follophii/ oviduk,
uterus/ rahim, liang vagina.
 Bagian: labia mayora, labia minora, klitoris/ erektil
MALE SEXUAL ORGANS
VESICA URINARIA

PROSTAT
GLAND
ERECTION
CONDITION

VAS
DEFERENS

PENIS

URETRA SCROTUM TESTIS

 Fertilization is the union of egg and sperm
 Occurs in Fallopian Tubes (usually)
 200 million sperm to one egg! (sometimes 2, 3 or
more eggs!).
 When 1 sperm penetrates the zona pellucida (clear
zone around egg), cortical granules are released that
prevent any other sperm from penetrating the egg
 After fertilization, the egg and sperm and nuclei
fuse, and a new diploid human zygote results (2n) -
the first cell of the new animal
Cleavage: The first days and weeks after conception: mitotic cell
divisions begin, converting the zygote to a multicellular organism

Day 1: first cleavage - 1 cell becomes 2

Day 2: second cleavage - 4-cell stage
Day 3: 6-12 cell stage - can test at this stage for
genetic diseases if done by IVF
Day 4: 16-32 cell stage - solid ball of cells - morula
 Day 5: Solid morula develops into hollow, fluid-filled
blastula
 The embryo will develop from the inner cell mass, or

embryonic disc
Day 6 -7: Blastocyst attaches to the endometrium and
burrows in: implantation.
 Days 7-10: Gastrulation: major cellular reorganization into
2 or 3 tissue (germ) layers:
-Ectoderm: skin, nervous system
-Endoderm: lining of gut and internal organs
-Mesoderm: muscles, bones, heart  

 Gastrula: Early embryo with 3 tissue layers. All cells have

the same DNA; however, different cells now begin to "turn
on" (or "express") different genes to become different organs.
 Days 10 - 14: Pregnancy becomes established
 -Fluid filled amniotic cavity starts to form
-Yolk sac starts to form (will make blood cells, germ cells)
-Embryo starts to form from embryonic disc
- Chorion (placenta) starts to form
 At the end of this stage, a woman will have just missed her
period!
 Days 15 - 21: Emergence of the vertebrate body plan
 Primitive streak starts to form - this is the site of gastrulation
(formation of the 3 tissue layers - ecto, endo, and mesoderm)
 Neural groove (future spinal cord and brain) begins to form
 Somites (bands of tissue that will become muscles and bones)
begin to form
 Pharangeal arches (future face, neck, mouth, nose) begin to
form
  Days 21 on...
Week 3 - Week 8 (Embryo) - Development of all organ
systems
 Day 22: Cardiac cells (early heart) begins to beatDay
 24 embryo shown at right
And now for the rest of development... Here come the organs!
 Week 4-8 is whan all the major organ systems of the
body are formed and when most teratogens have their
greatest effect
CAIRAN OMNION/
KETUBAN

TALI PUSAT

LAPISAN PLASENTA
KHORION
 After 12 weeks or so, the baby's development is largely
"finished" - except brain and lung development
 The early processes of development all need to occur at a
precise time and place - that is why poor maternal nutrition,
fever, drugs, alcohol, (particularly in the 1st trimester) all have
potentially serious effects of the developing baby.

 However, ALSO remember that ~9,000 human babies are

born EVERY HOUR of every day (a net increase of 2.5
babies per second, or about 80 million every year!*) - and the
vast majority are healthy and perfectly formed, even
sometimes under adverse conditions
 Shypilis (Raja Singa)
 Gonorhoae (Kencing Nanah)
 Herpes
 Aids (Penurunan sistem kekebalan tubuh)
 Candidiasys (Keputihan)
 Gonore (kencing nanah) disebabkan oleh bakteri.
Gejala dari gonore, antara lain keluarnya cairan seperti
nanah dari saluran kelamin; rasa panas dan sering
kencing.
 Bakteri penyebab penyakit ini dapat menyebar ke

seluruh tubuh sehingga menyebabkan rasa nyeri pada

persendian dan dapat mengakibatkan kemandulan
 AIDS bukanlah penyakit pada sistem
reproduksi, namun AIDS dapat disebabkan
karena adanya hubungan seksual, yang
merupakan proses reproduksi pada manusia,
oleh penderita AIDS.
 AIDS merupakan kumpulan gejala penyakit

karena turunnya sistem kekebalan tubuh.

AIDS(Aquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome)
disebabkan oleh virus HIV (Human
Immunodeficiency Syndrome).
 Herpes genetalis disebabkan oleh virus. Virus
penyebab penyakit herpes genetalis adalah Herpes
simpleks.
 Gejala penyakitherpes genetalis, antara lain timbulnya

rasa gatal atau sakit pada daerah kelamin dan adanya

luka yang terbuka atau lepuhan berair.