EFEK BUAH KAWISTA (Limonia acidissima L.

) TERHADAP KADAR Superoxide

Dismutase (SOD) dan Malondialdehyde GINJAL PADA TIKUS MODEL DIABETES
MELLITUS TIPE II

Eka fitria
1
, Zainul Fadli
2
, Helmin Elyani
2
1
Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Malang
2
Staf Pengajar Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Malang
Email: echa_v367@yahoo.com

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Hiperglikemia pada diabetes mellitus tipe 2 akan meningkatan kadar Reactive
Oxygen Species (ROS) pada ginjal. Proses ini akan meningkatkan resiko stress oksidatif yang
ditandai dengan ketidakseimbangan Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) dan Malondialdehyde (MDA)
ginjal. Kawista (Limonia acidissima L.) memiliki potensi sebagai antidiabetik dan antioksidan.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan efek buah kawista terhadap kadar SOD dan
MDA ginjal pada tikus model DMT-2.

Metode: Penelitian in vivo dengan disain control group post test only menggunakan tikus wistar
jantan (n = 30 dibagi dalam 5 kelompok). Kelompok K0 (diet normal), K1 (induksi HFD + STZ
50mg/kgBB (model DMT-2)), P1 (induksi HFD + STZ 50mg/kgBB dan buah kawista 150
mg/KgBB), P2 (induksi HFD + STZ 50mg/kgBB dan buah kawista 300 mg/KgBB), P 3 (induksi
HFD + STZ 50mg/kgBB dan buah kawista 600 mg/KgBB). Pembuatan tikus model DMT-2
dengan menggunakan induksi High Fat Diet (HFD) dan Streptozotocin (STZ). Kadar SOD dan
MDA ginjal diukur secara spektrofotometri. Data dianalisa dengan uji one way ANOVA
dilanjutkan dengan uji tukey HSD 5% (bermakna bila p0.05).

Hasil: Kadar normal SOD ginjal sebesar 1135,36 U/g. Induksi HFD dan STZ menurunkan kadar
SOD ginjal sebesar 82%. Bahan aktif flavonoid, kumarin, tanin, dan vitamin C pada Kawista dan
dengan dosis kawista 150, 300, 600 mg/KgBB mampu meningkatkan kadar SOD ginjal berturut-
turut sebesar 2 kali, 3,6 kali, 4,7 kali. Kadar normal MDA ginjal sebesar 3,74 nmol/g. Induksi
HFD dan STZ meningkatkan kadar MDA ginjal sebesar 15,7 kali. Bahan aktif tiramin, tanin,
flavonoid, polisakarida dan saponin pada Kawista dan dengan dosis kawista 150, 300, 600
mg/KgBB mampu menurunkan kadar MDA ginjal berturut turut sebesar 14%, 34%, 68%.

Kesimpulan: Buah kawista dosis 150 mg/kgBB, 300 mg/kgBB, 600 mg/kgBB mampu
meningkatkan kadar SOD dan menurunkan kadar MDA ginjal pada tikus model DMT-2.

Kata Kunci: Limonia acidissima L., Diabetes Melitus Tipe-2 (DMT-2), kadar SOD ginjal, kadar
MDA ginjal.




















THE EFFECTS OF KAWISTA (Limonia acidissima L.) ON LEVELS OF
RENAL SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE (SOD) AND MALONDIALDEHYDE (MDA) IN RATS
MODEL TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS
Fitria, E
1,
. Fadli, Z
2,
. Elyani,H
2

1
Student Faculty of Medicine, Malang Islamic University
2
Lecture Faculty of Medicine, Malang Islamic University
Email: echa_v367@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus could increase Reactive Oxygen
Species (ROS) level in the kidney. This process will increase the risk of oxidative stress that
characterized by an imbalance between renal Superoxide Dismutase (SOD)
and Malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Kawista (Limonia acidissima L.) has an antidiabetic and an
antioxidant potentials. The purpose of this study is to prove the effect of Kawista on renal SOD
and MDA in rat model of DMT-2.
Methods: In vivo studies with the design of the control group post test only using male Wistar
rats (n = 30, divided into 5 groups). Group K0 (normal diet), K1 (induction HFD + STZ
50mg/kgBB (Model DMT-2)), P1 (induction HFD + STZ 50mg/kgBB and kawista 150 mg / kg),
P2 (induction HFD + STZ 50mg / kg and kawista 300 mg / kg), P3 (induction HFD + STZ
50mg/kgBB and kawista 600 mg / kg). The DMT-2 rat models by inducing the High Fat
Diet (HFD) and Streptozotocin (STZ). Renal SOD and MDA levels were measured by
spectrophotometry. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA test followed by Tukey HSD test
5% (significant when p 0.05),.
Results: The level of normal renal SOD is 1135,36 U/g. Induced HFD and STZ decrease of
renal SOD by 82%. The active ingredients flavonoids, coumarins, tannins, and vitamin C at a
dose of Kawista 150, 300, 600 mg / KgBB able to improve renal SOD, respectively for 2 times,
3,6 times, 4,7 times. Normal renal MDA levels of 3,74 nmol / g. Induction HFD and STZ
improve of renal MDA levels by 15,7 times. The active ingredient tyramine, tannins, flavonoids,
polysaccharides and saponins on Kawista of a dose 150, 300, 600 mg / KgBB was able to
reduce levels of renal MDA by 14%, 34%, 68%.
Conclusion: Kawista dose of 150 mg / kg, 300 mg / kg, 600 mg / kg can increase levels of
renal SOD and decrease of renal MDA levels in rat model of DMT-2.
Keywords: Limonia acidissima L., Diabetes Mellitus Type-2 (DMT-2), renal SOD, renal MDA.