ECE 472 - POWER SYSTEMS II

Transformer Protection
Homework #4
A three-phase, wye-delta connected transformer is shown below. Transformers turns
ratio can change from -10% to +10% in 1% steps. Also, !A
"A
0.# !A
$"A
.
1. Assume the transformer is single phase %for this part only&, as shown in the
figure. a'e the appropriate connections from (Ts to terminals of percentage
differential relay, such that)
a& There is no current through the operating coil for load or e*ternal fault
conditions, and
b& The sum of currents from the (Ts flow in the operating coil for an internal
fault.
+. (alculate transformers primary and secondary line currents seen by (Ts
based on the transformers $"A and "A ratings.
,. (hoose appropriate (Ts from the following a-ailable list for each side)
.000)/
,000)/
+000)/
1/00)/
1+00)/
1000)/
000)/
#00)/
.. (alculate currents into relay terminals 1 and + based on the transformers $"A
and "A ratings.
/. (hoose appropriate relay taps for terminals 1 and +. A-ailable taps are gi-en
on 1age 1. of Transformer 1rotection 2otes.
#. (alculate the percent mismatch for chosen taps.
3. (hoose the appropriate percent slope setting. This choice should be made
such that the relay has ma*imum sensiti-ity but does not operate due to
mismatch errors. Assume a-ailable taps are 10%, +0% and .0%.
ECE 472 - POWER SYSTEMS II
!s Protection
Homework #4
4efer to 5lide 6 of 7us 1rotection 1ower1oint notes %8igh 9mpedance (urrent
:ifferential for a bus with . lines connected to it& to do this problem. ;se the
following information)
(T 4atio < 1/00)/
(T < ,00 turns, 0.01 ohms per turn %;se this to determine 4
(T
&
a*. e*ternal single-phase fault current detected by saturated (T < 0000A
8igh 9mpedance (ur rent :ifferential 4elay 5etting < +00 !
4elay 9mpedance < 1300 "hms
Assume all ohmic -alues are purely resisti-e, and the (T that measures the 0000 A
saturates completely %=
m
< 0, !
(T
< 0&.
1. (alculate the ma*imum allowable >one-way? (T lead resistance %4
@
& for the
gi-en relay setting.
+. 9f the (T leads are A10 copper conductor %appro*imately 1 ohmB1000 ft.&,
calculate the >one-way? lead length %in feet& corresponding to the ma*imum
lead resistance from 1art 1.
,. (alculate the minimum detectable fault current with this setting. (T and
thyrite cur-es are attached. ;se the 1!:+1A cur-e.