6.3.

5 Distinguish between antibodies and antigens

Antigen= the foreign material that can be any kind of material that will trigger an immune response
(bacteria, fungi)
Antibody= Y shaped proteins that recognize the foreign material (Antigen)
Immunity= A state of having sufficient biological defenses to avoid infection disease or other
unwanted biological invasion.
Immune Response= this is a production of antibodies by lymphocytes in response to an antigen.
There are 2 parts to the immune system.
Non-specific system, which involves phagocytes and is the bodys first line of defense.
The specific response, which involves production of antibodies
6.3.6 Explain antibody production
1. Lymphocytes make antibodies, humans are born with about 10000 different anti bodies so
that they can respond to almost any antigen that enters the body.
2. Each type of lymphocyte cell recognizes only one antigen. The lymphocyte with a surface
epitome complementary to the antigen is selected.
3. When a pathogen enters the body the corresponding lymphocyte responds.
4. That lymphocyte forms many clones of itself so that a large number of that particular
antibody can be produced to neutralize that particular antigen.