English Task

CORRUPTION IN INDONESIA

By :
ROMDONI SUMARNA
SONA GUTAMA
DENDI
KELAS : XII IPS 1

SMA Negeri 1 Cikarang Selatan

Kab. Bekasi
 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

A. Background
Legislation (legislation) is a form of legal political institutions are designed and
validated the State as the law of corruption eradication. Partially, it can be
concluded Indonesian government and the nation a serious fight and eradicate
corruption in this country. Selective logging. So about the opinion of some
practitioners and observers of the law of motion of the government in handling
corruption cases recently.
The echo of corruption seemed to be a powerful weapon in the text of a speech
attributed officials of State, spoke as if he was clean, anti-corruption.
Communities through NGOs and CBOs are not to be outdone, took advantage of
the anti-corruption campaign in Indonesia. The discussion about anti-corruption
strategy in many dilakakukan seminar room, booming anti-corruption, so be
precise. Meanstream fight against corruption also through the establishment
dijewantahkan Adhoc, Anti-Corruption Commission (KPK).
Gap legal weakness has always been a powerful weapon perpetrators of
corruption to avoid lawsuits. Corruption cases of former President Suharto,
examples of the most brand-new cases that never get the point of completion.
Always dominated the political perspective of law cases in the country this fuel
Republican friends. Whereas penyelesaiaan corruption cases such as cases of
corruption of Suharto and his cronies, and the BLBI corruption cases will be able
to other major menstimulus economic development program in Indonesia.

B. Issues
How corruption affects economic development in Indonesia?
What strategies can be done to minimize these corrupt practices?
How multiplier effect for the efficiency and effectiveness of economic
development in Indonesia?
 CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

A. Corruption Meaning

Jeremy Pope, in his book Confronting Corruption: The Element of National

Integrity System, explained that corruption is a global problem that should
concern everyone. Corrupt practices are aligned with the concept of totalitarian
rule, the dictator-who put power in the hands of a few people. However, no
difference in the socio-political system of democratic no corruption may be more
severe and even corrupt practices, if the socio-political life of tolerance and even
provide space for corrupt practices to flourish. Corruption also acts violating
human rights, continued Pope.
According to Dieter Frisch, former Director General for Europe. Corruption is the
act increases costs for goods and services, increase the debt of a State, and
lowering the quality of a good standard. Development projects are usually
selected for reasons of capital involved, not on the urgency of public interest.
Corruption always cause socio-economic situation uncertain (uncertainly). This
uncertainty is not beneficial for economic growth and a healthy business
opportunity. Always happens asymmetric information in economic activities and
business. The private sector is often seen as the biggest risk to be borne in running
a business, it is difficult to predict how much Return on Investment (ROI) that
can be obtained because the cost due to corrupt practices are also difficult to
predict. Akhiar Salmi in his paper explained that corruption is a bad deeds, such
as embezzlement, bribe receiving and so on.
In his paper, Salmi also explained the meaning of corruption according to Hendry
Campbell Black who explained that corruption is "An act done with an intent to
give some advantage inconsistent with official duty and the rights of others. The
act of an official or fiduciary person who unlawfully and wrongfully uses his
station or character to procure some benefit for himself or for another person,
contrary to duty and the rights of others. "Law of the Republic of Indonesia
Number 28 Year 1999 on Implementation of State Clean and Free from
Corruption, Collusion and Nepotism, chapter 1 explains that the criminal acts of
corruption as referred to in the provisions of legislation governing the criminal
acts of corruption. So the legislation of the Republic of Indonesia defines
corruption as a criminal act. Mubaryanto, Pancasila economic activists, the article
describes the corruption that, one of the major problems associated with justice is
corruption, which we now softened into "service learning". Change the name
from corruption to corruption is probably justified as it related to corrupt practices
and nepotism connection. But it can not be denied that the effect of "replacement"
is not good because corruption was the word corruption practices diteleransi
easier than the use of the word corruption is plain and clear, without additional
collusion and nepotism.
B. Political Corruption and Economic Law

Corruption is an urgent problem that must be overcome, in order to achieve

economic growth and a healthy stretch. Various records of corruption every day
reported by the mass media both print and electronic, reflected the improvement
and development of models of corruption. Anti-corruption rhetoric was not
powerful enough to stop this despicable practice. Legislation and regulation
which is part of the political laws made by the government, becomes meaning
less, if not accompanied with sincerity for the manifestation of the laws and
regulations that exist. Political law is not enough, if there is no recovery against
the executor or legal principals. This constellation of political reasons reinforce
the law that was designed by the government not only meet the more meanstream
is happening.
Political dimension which is the law "enforcement policy" or "Enactment policy",
is a very dominant enforcement policies in developing countries, where
legislation is often used as political instruments by the government, authorities
precisely, for things that are negative or positive. And the concept of legislation in
this dimension as the dominant place in Indonesia, which actually opened the
door for the entry of corrupt practices through legislation weaknesses. Look at the
Law economics Juwana Hikmahanto analysis, such as the Law of Limited
Liability Company Law, the Capital Market Law, Law on Copyright Liability,
Corporate Documents Act, Bankruptcy Law, Banking Law, Law of Business
Competition, Consumer Protection Law, Law Construction Services, Bank
Indonesia Law, Law on Foreign Exchange Transaction, the Arbitration Act,
Telecommunications Act, fiduciary law, the Trade Secret Act, Act Industrial
Design Act and many other economic areas. Almost all laws and regulations have
legal policy dimensions "enforcement policy", and provide space for the
occurrence of corrupt practices.

C. Corruption and Decentralization

Decentralization is the most striking change after the reforms initiated.
Decentralization in Indonesia by many economic observers is the biggest case of
decentralization in the world, so that the implementation of decentralization in
Indonesia has become a case study of interest to many economists and political
analysts in the world. Surface complexity of the problems arise, the most striking
is the some cases of corruption of local bureaucrats and local legislators. This is a
fact that the practice of corruption has been rooted in the socio-political life,
Indonesia's economy. The local government became one of the ram motor of
economic development. However, too often made more severe high cost economy
in Indonesia, because of the emergence of levies that were born through
legislation (law) is made in order to increase revenue (revenue) that open spaces
in the new corruption. They do not realize, because the practice is, investors
refrained to enter the area and select the areas that have potential for low cost with
little corrupt practices. As a result of it all, poverty increased as the field narrows
and work in regional economic development hampered.. There are several
 weights that determine the competitiveness of regional investment. First,
institutional factors. Second, the infrastructure factor. Third, social factors -
political. Fourth, local economic factors. Fifth, the employment factor. The results
of the research

D. Combating Corruption for Development Economics

In addition to inhibiting economic growth, corruption also hamper the
development of democratic governance system. Corruption fosters a beneficial act
tradition yourself or a group, the exclusion of the public interest. Thus corruption
sealed weak people the opportunity to enjoy economic development, and quality
of life better. The most powerful approach in the fight against corruption in
Indonesia. First, starting from improving standards of governance - through the
construction of national integrity. Modern governance systems to promote
accountability, in this order should come with a free press limits law should also
support the creation of government and public administration free from
corruption. Similarly with the court. Court which is part of governance, the
judiciary, no longer a slave master. However, having the freedom to uphold the
rule of law and regulations. Thus the virtuous circle is created that allows all
parties to conduct surveillance, and others watched. However, this concept is very
easy to recognize authors are written or said than done. We need at least long
enough to build the pillars of national integrity of the building that do their job
effectively, and managed to make corruption a risky behavior is very high with
little results.
Construction of national integrity, is like the holy Aqsa Mosque is supported by
the pillars of the judiciary, parliament, the auditor's office, state and private, the
ombudsman, a free media and civil society anti-corruption. Building above the
sacred nan no economic development for the quality of life for the better, the ideal
legal order, public awareness and moral values are strong national umbrella of
undermining the integrity of the corruption that hamper the development of the
plenary. Second, the most difficult and fundamental of all the struggle against
corruption is how to build the political will (political will). Political will is not
merely the wishes of the politicians and the people involved in the political
sphere. However, there are more important than that. Namely, the political will
manifested in the form of courage that social intelligence is supported by civil
society or citizens of the various elements and social strata. So that political office
is no longer used are easy to enrich himself, but as responsible for managing and
responsible for formulating the movement achieve national and state life is good.
Political risk is usually the main obstacle in the fight against corruption way
national economic development. Therefore, why the awareness of civil society
important?.
 CHAPTER III
CLOSING

CONCLUSION
A way with words for the change is easy. However, implementing a series of words
in the form of movement is sometimes very difficult. It takes intelligence and courage
to break through and knock down the pillars of corruption that became the main
obstacle latest plenary and economic development in Indonesia. Corruption that has
too long been a plague that was never finished, because the murder of plague have
not been targeted like "the headache, how to treat the hand". Eradication of corruption
as just a political commodity, material attractive sympathy powerful rhetoric. Thus
civil society is needed intelligence to oversee and make political decisions to prevent
further spread of the disease in Indonesia gross corruption. Not easy to do.
 REFERENCES

Reading Akhiar Salmi, Paper 2006, "Understanding the Law on the Eradication of
Corruption", MPKP, FE, UI.

Kompas Daily, 13 June 2006,

Scholastic Hikmahanto Juwana, Paper 2006, "Political Economy of Law Law in

Indonesia", MPKP, FE.UI.

Mubaryanto, article, "Pro and Justice", Journal of Economic Peoples, UGM, 2004
Jeremy Pope, "Confronting Corruption: The Element of National Integrity
System", Transparency International, 2000.

Robert A Simanjutak, "Implementation of Fiscal Decentralization: Problema,

Prospects, and Policy", LPEM UI, 2003

Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 32 Year 2004 on Regional Government.

Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 33 Year 2004 on Financial Balance and
Regional Center.