Filipino Revolts

Revolts are categorized into (3) three:

Personal and Religious.
Resistance to Spanish imposed economic and religious institutions.
Land problems
Personal Motives
The revolts were personally led by former barangay datus and
maharlikas, as well as babaylans and katalonas, who had lost their
prestige and power in their communities with the coming of the
Spaniards, and were supplanted by leaders chosen by the Spaniards and
by the Spanish friars.
Lakandula and Soliman Revolt in 1574 due to sequestration of their
landed properties and even toleration of the encomenderos abuse and
oppression of their people.
The conspiracy of the maharlikas headed by Agustin de Legazpi and
Martin Pangan.
In 1621-22, an outlawed babaylan, Tamblot of Bohol employed magic
and religion in alluring the unbelieving people to abandon Christianity
and to return to their former beliefs. In no time, he was crushed by Juan
de Alcarazo, alcalde mayor of Cebu.
The rebellion in Carigara (Leyte), led by Bankaw, Datu of Limasawa
Francisco Dagohoys revolt in Bohol. This was the longest revolt in
Philippine history taking 85 years to quell (1744- 1829).
Silang Revolt in Ilocos
Palaris Revolt in Pangasinan
Magtangaga Revolt in Cagayan
Religious Motives
Two Christianized Isnegs of Northwest Cagayan, Miguel Lanab and
Alalaban of Capinatan (Apayao), revolted in 1625, by mutilating and
beheading the Dominicans Fr. Alonzo Garcia and Bro. Onofre Palao.
A nativist revolt with religious overtones was led by Tapar in Oton,
Iloilo, whom proclaimed himself, God Almighty.
The Magtangaga Revolt in Cagayan in October 1718 led by Francisco
Rivera, a vissionary who appropriated for himself the title of Papa Rey.
Ermano Apolinario de la Cruzs revolt which was divided into two
phases: phase 1 from 1832- 1841 was from the founding of the Confradia
de San Jose in 1832 to the death of Dela Cruz in 1841, and phase 2 from
1870- 71, with the revival of the Confradia in 1870, terminating with the
revolt and capture of Januario Labios in 1871.
Resistance to Spanish- Imposed Institutions
Among the major rebellions belonging to this class were those in the late
16th century led by Magalat of Cagayan, the Sumodoy and the CARAGA
revolts in the 17th century.
Name of Revolt Date Place Cause Leader Result
Lakandula 1574 Tondo, Navotas Failure of Gov. Lavezares to
fulfill Legazpis promise to
Lakandula
Lakandula Failed
Pampanga 1585 Pampanga Abuses of Spanish
Encomienderos

Failed. A woman betrayed the
revolt.
Todo 1587-1588 Tondo, Cuyo,
Calamianes
Desire for Independence Magat Salamat, Martin
Pangan, Juan Banal,
Pedro Balingit
Failed because the plot was
discovered. Leaders were
executed.
Tamblot 1621- 1622 Bohol Desire to abandon Christianity
and return to old religious faith
Babaylan Tamblot It was suppressed by the
Spaniards and Cebuanos.
Bankaw 1621 Leyte Desire for Religious Toleration Bankaw Pagali Failed
Cagayan 1625, 1627, 1639 Cagayan Desire for independence and
punishment of a woman whom
displeases certain Spanish
officials
Miguel Lanab, Aldaban Failed. Leaders were
pardoned and later killed
when they revolted anew.
Cagayan- Ilocos 1589 Cagayan, Ilocos Norte Refusal to pay tributes, tyranny
of tribute collectors

Failed. Easily suppressed.
Magalat 1596 Cagayan Abuses of the Tribute
Collectors
Magalat Failed. Hired Assasins
killed the Magalat.
Igorot 1601 Northern Luzon Desire for religious toleration

Failed
Irrayas 1621 Cagayan Valley Oppression of the Indios by the
Spanish officials
Felipe Cutabay, Gabriel
Dayag
It was not materialized due
to Fr. Pedro Sto. Tomas
preaching.
Caraga 1629- 1631 Caraga, Northern
Mindanao
Dissatisfaction of townspeople
to Spanish rule
Failed
Cagayan 1639 Cagayan Dissatisfaction with Spanish
rule
It was suppressed.
Ladia 1643 Malolos, Bulacan and Weariness from Spanish Pedro Ladia Failed
Palaris 1762- 1765 Pangasinan Demand for reforms especially the
changing of local officials
Juan Dela Cruz Palaris Failed. Palaris was executed
Basi 1807 Ilocos Government monopoly of basi
manufacturing
Pedro Mateo Failed. Rebels were crushed
by government troops.
Hermano Pule 1840- 1841 Quezon Province Being a native, Pule was denied to
be admitted as a monk. He
founded the religious brotherhood,
Confradia De San Jose, which the
government outlawed and ordered
to be dissolved.
Apolinario dela Cruz Failed
Southern Luzon. oppression.
Visayan 1649- 1650 Eastern Visayas, Northern
Mindanao, Zamboanga
Caused by Gov. Fajardos order
to send Visayan laborers tyo
Cavite for shipbuilding
Juan Ponce Sumoroy
and Pedro Caamug
Leaders were captured and
were beheaded.
Pampanga 1660- 1661 Bacoor, Cavite and
Pampanga
Failure of officials to pay rice
purchased; repeated
requirements for polo y servico
Francisco Maniago General amnesty granted to
rebels. Initial payment for
services.
Pangasinan 1660- 1661 Binalatongan, Pangasinan Quarrel between Fr. Gorospe
and Malong
Andres Malong and
Pedro Gumpaos
Failed
Ilocos 1661 San Nicolas, Bacarra, Laog,
Ilocos
Spanish aggression Juan Magsanop, Pedro
Almazan and Gaspar
Cristobal
Failed. Leaders were
executed.
Panay 1663 Oton,panay Desire to put up a modified
form of Christianity
Tapar It was suppressed
Agrarian 1745-1746 Bulacan, Morong (Rizal),
Cavite, Laguna
Usurpation of Filipino lands by
religious orders.
Matienza Failed
Dagohoy 1744-1828 Bohol Refusal of Fr. Morales to give
Dagohoys brother a Christian
Burial.
Francisco Dagohoy

Failed but rebels were
pardoned.
Silang 1762-1763 Ilocos Desire to expel the Spaniards
from Ilocos.
Diego silang and
Gabriela Silang.
Failed. Diego was
assasinated .
Moro Resistance
Most united groups were the Muslims.
They were bounded by Islam.
Continuous military expeditions failed to subdue them. They fought back
by raiding the coastal towns under Spain.
Reasons why all these revolts failed:
I. Absence of National leader
II. Lukewarm spirit of nationalism among Filipinos
III. Inadequate training and preparation for warfare
The Development & Growth of Filipino Nationalism.
Nationalism
It is the love of ones country and people.
It is a feeling of oneness that binds the people to a common past and a
common identity.
It includes pride in ones cultural heritage, support for the countrys
aspirations, patriotism and advocacy of national independence.
What facilitated the development of Filipino nationalism?
1. Influx of liberal ideas from Europe
2. Introduction of modern technology
3. The opening of Philippines to world trade
4. The opening of the Suez Canal traveling to other countries exposed the
Filipinos to modern ideas of liberty.
5. The rise of new middle class- occupied a high position in society because
of their wealth and prestige. They also criticized the unequal treatment of
the Spaniards to the Filipinos.
6. Secularization Issue
Two kinds of priest during the Spanish Regime
Regular - Spanish priests who belong to any of the religious orders.
Secular - Priest who obtained their religious training in the Philippines
who were under the direct control of the bishops and archbishops.
Filipino priests were not only denied access to the parishes
but some of them were removed from their parishes to
accommodate the regulars . This event turned out to be a
racial discrimination against Filipino secular priests.
7. Cavite Mutiny- Soldiers and workers at the Cavite Arsenal rebelled
against the withdrawal of their privileges of non-payment of taxes and
exemption from forced labor.
8. Trial and execution of GOMBURZA
9. Disillusionment over Spanish rule- common sufferings under tyrannical
rule of the Spaniards fostered a feeling of unity among Filipinos.
The Propaganda Movement
It was not a radical agitation to overthrow Spanish rule by a bloody
revolution but instead it was a peaceful campaign following these aims:
Equality of Filipinos and the Spaniards before the law
Assimilation of the Philippines as a regular province of Spain
Restoration of Philippine representation in the Cortes, the law making body of Spain
Filipinization of Philippine parishes
Individual liberties for the Filipinos, such as freedom of speech, freedom of the press,
freedom to assembly and freedom of petition for action on all complaints.
The members were from the middle class families representing the group of Filipino
Intelegencia.
Jose Rizal: the greatest novelist of the movement.
He wrote his poetical masterpiece entitled Mi Ultimo Adios (My Last Farewell)
Noli Me Tangere (1887)
El Felibusterismo (1891)
La Solidaridad
The official organ/ magazine of the Propaganda Movement
Graciano Lopez Jaena served as the first editor
The first issue was published in Barcelona Spain on February 15, 1889
Aims of La Solidaridad:
To work for political and social reforms peacefully
To present the sad conditions in the Philippines so that Spain can remedy
them
To oppose the evil influences of reaction and outmoded beliefs and
practices
To advocate liberal ideas and progress
To champion the just aspirations of the Filipinos to life, democracy and
happiness
Pen names of the Members:
Marcelo H. Del Pilar- Plaridel
Jose Rizal- Laong Laan and Dimasalang
Mariano Ponce- Naning, Tikbalang
or Kalipulako
Antonio Luna- Taga-ilog
Jose Ma. Panganiban- Jomapa
Dominador Gomez- Ramiro Franco
La Asociacion Hispano-Filipino
Established in January 12, 1889
A civic society in Madrid of the propagandists and their Spanish friends
Miguel Morayta was the first president
La Politica de Espaa en Felipinas
Organized to fight against the La Solidaridad.
Jose Feced was the editor of this magazine.
La Liga Filipina
Unus instar Omnium (One like All)
Founded by Jose Rizal
July 03, 1892 at Ilaya Street in Tondo
The constitution was written in Hong Kong with the help of Jose Ma. Basa
The Constitution states:
Union of the Philippine Archipelago into a compact, strong and
homogeneous body.
Mutual protection of the members
Defense against all violence and injustice
Encouragement of education, agriculture and commerce
Study and application of reforms
The Arrest of Jose Rizal
July 7, 1892: Gen. Eulogio Despujol ordered Rizals arrest and
imprisonment at Fort Santiago
July 15: He was put into exile in Dapitan .
This marked the fall of the La Liga Filipina
Some members, led by Apolinario Mabini, tried to revive the league but
the failed because many members, including Andres Bonifacio, believed
that it was useless to expect reforms from the corrupt Spaniards