SMK DATO SYED ESA

BIOLOGY
Paper 2
<Test Name>

<Date>

Class :

Time :
Marks :

This question paper consists of two sections: Section A and Section B.

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi dua bahagian: Bahagian A dan Bahagian B.
Section A
Bahagian A
[60 marks]
[60 markah]
Answer all questions in this section.
Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.
1. Diagram shows the different levels of cell organisation in human from cell to organ.
Rajah menunjukkan aras yang berbeza dalam organisasi sel bagi manusia daripada sel ke organ.

Diagram
Rajah

(a)(i) Name P, Q and R.

Namakan P, Q dan R.
P: __________________________________________________________________________________
Q: __________________________________________________________________________________
R: __________________________________________________________________________________
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(ii) State one function of the red blood cell.
Nyatakan satu fungsi sel darah merah.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(b)Explain the function of Q in regulating the blood glucose level.
Terangkan fungsi Q dalam mengawal atur aras glukosa darah.
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(c)Diagram shows the movement of a bolus of food in oesophagus.
Rajah menunjukkan pergerakan bolus makanan dalam esofagus.

Diagram
Rajah
Explain how the bolus of food moves down from the oesophagus to the stomach.
Terangkan bagaimana bolus makanan bergerak turun dari esofagus ke perut.
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
[3 marks]
2

[3 markah]
(d)State the function of rennin, pepsin and hydrochloric acid in the stomach.
Nyatakan fungsi renin, pepsin dan asid hidroklorik dalam perut.

[3 marks]
[3 markah]
2.The diagram below shows two levels of organisation in protein structure.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan dua peringkat organisasi di dalam struktur protein.

Diagram
Rajah
(a)In the diagram above, name the level of organisation in the protein structures of X and Y.
Pada rajah di atas, namakan peringkat organisasi di dalam struktur protein X dan Y.
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(b)Describe the structure of protein X.
Huraikan struktur protein X.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
3

(c)The diagram below shows how protein X is broken down to form products.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan bagaimana protein X diuraikan untuk membentuk hasil.

Diagram
Rajah
Explain how the products in the diagram above are formed.
Terangkan bagaimana hasil-hasil dalam rajah di atas dibentuk.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(d)State why animal proteins are first class protein.
Nyatakan mengapa protein haiwan adalah protein kelas pertama.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(e)

(i) Explain the above statement.

Terangkan pernyataan di atas.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(ii)Based on the above statement, suggest two ways to maintain the quality of silk garments.
Berdasarkan pernyataan di atas, cadangkan dua cara untuk mengekalkan kualiti pakaian sutera.
_____________________________________________________________________________
1. _____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________________
4

[2 marks]
[2 markah]

3.The diagram below shows part of the stages of a meiosis cell division in an animal cell.
The chromosome behaviour in stage S is not shown.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebahagian daripada peringkat pembahagian sel secara meiosis dalam satu sel
haiwan.
Perlakuan kromosom di peringkat S tidak ditunjukkan.

Diagram
Rajah
(a)Name the structure labelled X.

Namakan struktur berlabel X.

_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(b)(i) In the diagram above, complete the diagram in stage S to show the chromosome behaviour.
Dalam rajah di atas, lengkapkan rajah di peringkat S untuk menunjukkan perlakuan kromosom.
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) State one of the changes which occurs in stage S.
Nyatakan satu perubahan yang berlaku di peringkat S.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(c)The diagram below shows process Y which takes place in stage P.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan proses Y yang berlaku di peringkat P.

Diagram
Rajah
(i) In the diagram above, draw a diagram showing the appearance of the chromosome at the end of process Y.
Dalam rajah di atas, lukis rajah yang menunjukkan rupa kromosom di akhir proses Y.
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) Name process Y.
Namakan proses Y.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
6

__________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(iii)State one importance of process Y to an organism.
Nyatakan satu kepentingan proses Y kepada sesuatu organisma.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(d)The diagram below shows skin cells. Cells X are cancerous cells which are formed after the normal cells are
exposed to factor W.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sel-sel kulit. Sel-sel X adalah sel kanser yang terbentuk selepas sel-sel normal
terdedah kepada faktor W.

Diagram
Rajah
(i) Give two examples of factor W.
Beri dua contoh faktor W.
1

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

2 __________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(ii) Explain the formation of cells X.
Terangkan pembentukan sel X.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
7

(iii)State two ways to prevent the development of cells X.

Nyatakan dua cara untuk mengelakkan perkembangan sel X.
1

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
[2 markah]

4.(a)The diagram below shows human digestive system.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sistem pencernaan manusia.
Structure Q in the diagram below is involved in the digestion of fat.
Struktur Q pada rajah di bawah terlibat dalam pencernaan lemak.

Diagram
Rajah
(i) Name structure Q.
Namakan struktur Q.
________________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) Name the enzyme which digests fat in Q.
Namakan enzim yang mencernakan lemak dalam Q.
________________________________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(iii)Diagram below shows a mechanism of an enzyme reaction.
Draw the diagram in the spaces III and IV provided in the diagram below to complete the mechanism of the
enzyme reaction.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan suatu mekanisme tindakan enzim.
8

Lukiskan rajah dalam petak III dan IV yang disediakan dalam rajah di bawah untuk melengkapkan
mekanisme tindakan enzim tersebut.

Diagram
Rajah
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(b)(i) Explain how starch is digested in the duodenum.
Terangkan bagaimana kanji dicerna dalam duodenum.
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(ii) A student eats too many oranges.
Explain the effect of eating too many oranges on the digestion of starch in the duodenum.
Seorang pelajar makan terlalu banyak buah limau.
Terangkan kesan memakan terlalu banyak buah limau ke atas pencernaan kanji dalam duodenum.
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(c)In a food preparation process, a housewife carries out the following steps:
Dalam suatu proses penyediaan makanan, seorang surirumah telah melakukan langkah-langkah berikut:
Step 1:
Marinate pieces of meat with strips of unripe papaya in a basin.
Langkah 1: Perap kepingan daging dengan hirisan buah betik muda dalam sebuah besin.
Step 2:
Immerse the basin in a container filled with water at 40C for 30 minutes as in Diagram below.
Rendam besin itu ke dalam bekas berisi air pada suhu 40C selama 30 minit seperti dalam Rajah
Langkah 2:
di bawah.

Diagram
Rajah

Explain why the housewife carries out Step 1 and Step 2.

Terangkan mengapa surirumah itu melakukan Langkah 1 dan Langkah 2.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
[4 marks]
[4 markah]
5.The figure below represents a model of the human lungs in the respiratory mechanism.
Rajah di bawah mewakili model peparu manusia dalam mekanisme respirasi.

Figure
Rajah
(a)Based on the model of the lungs in Figure above, what are the equivalent structures to the glass tube and the
bell jar in the human respiratory system?
Berdasarkan model peparu dalam Rajah di atas, apakah struktur yang sepadan dengan salur kaca dan serkup
kaca pada sistem respirasi manusia?
Glass tube:
Salur kaca:
Bell jar:
Serkup kaca:
[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(b)(i) The thin rubber sheet represents the diaphragm in the human respiratory system.
Kepingan getah nipis mewakili diafragma dalam sistem respirasi manusia.
What is the function of the thin rubber sheet in the model of the lungs?
Apakah fungsi kepingan getah nipis dalam model peparu itu?

10

[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) The balloons represent the human lungs.
Belon mewakili peparu manusia.
Explain one characteristic of the balloons which is similar to the human lungs.
Terangkan satu ciri belon yang serupa dengan ciri peparu manusia.

[2 marks]
[2 markah]
(c)(i) The string in the model of the lungs is pulled down.
Tali pada model peparu itu ditarik.
Draw the changes to the thin rubber sheet and the balloons in the figure below.
Lukiskan keadaan pada kepingan getah nipis dan belon pada rajah di bawah.

Figure
Rajah
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) Observe your drawing in (c)(i).
Perhatikan lukisan anda di (c)(i).
Explain the relationship between the changes in the model of the lungs you have drawn and the real human
respiratory system.
Jelaskan perkaitan antara perubahan pada model peparu yang anda lukis dengan sistem respirasi manusia
sebenar.

[3 marks]
[3 markah]
(d)(i) The percentage of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases in inspired and expired air is determined by using the Jtube.
11

Peratus gas oksigen dan gas karbon dioksida dalam udara sedutan dan udara hembusan ditentukan dengan
menggunakan tiub-J.
Why is the end of the J-tube dipped in potassium hydroxide solution and then followed by potassium
pyrogallol solution?
Mengapakah hujung tiub-J dicelupkan ke dalam larutan kalium hidroksida dan diikuti dengan larutan
kalium pirogalat?

[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) Table below shows the result of a study on the content of inspired and expired air.
Jadual di bawah menunjukkan keputusan kajian tentang kandungan udara sedutan dan udara hembusan.

Table
Jadual
Explain why there is an increase in percentage of carbon dioxide in the expired air.
Terangkan mengapa terdapat peningkatan peratus karbon dioksida dalam udara hembusan.

[2 marks]
[2 markah]

Section B
Bahagian B
[40 marks]
[40 markah]
Answer any two questions from this section.
Jawab mana-mana dua soalan daripada bahagian ini.
6.

(a) The diagram below shows the digestive system and organs associated with digestion.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sistem pencernaan dan organ-organ berkaitan pencernaan.

12

Diagram
Rajah
Explain how steamed fish is digested in parts R, S and T in the system.
[10 marks]
Terangkan bagaimana ikan kukus dicernakan di bahagian R, S dan T di dalam sistem itu.
[10 markah]
(b) The diagram below shows three types of food.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan tiga jenis makanan.

Diagram
Rajah
Explain the long term effects of consuming excess of these foods on an individualss health.
[10 marks]
Terangkan kesan jangka masa panjang pengambilan makanan-makanan tersebut yang berlebihan ke atas
kesihatan individu.
[10 markah]
7.

The diagram below shows tissue P and cell Q. P is found in a multicellular organism.
Q is found in a unicellular organism.
13

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan tisu P dan sel Q. P terdapat dalam organisma multisel.
Q terdapat dalam organisma unisel.

Diagram
Rajah
(a) Based on the diagram above, explain the cellular respiration process that occurs in P and in Q.
[4 marks]
Berdasarkan rajah above, terangkan proses respirasi sel yang berlaku di P dan di Q.
[4 markah]
(b) The diagram below shows two individuals, M and N, in two different situations.
M is in a vigorous activity while N is at rest.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan dua individu, M dan N, dalam dua situasi yang berbeza.
M sedang melakukan satu aktiviti cergas manakala N berada dalam keadaan rehat.

14

Diagram
Rajah
Based on the diagram above, explain the difference in the physiological process that occurs in organs R, S
and T, for individual M and individual N.
[6 marks]
Berdasarkan rajah di atas, terangkan perbezaan proses fisiologi yang berlaku pada organ R, S dan T bagi
individu M dan individu N.
[6 markah]
(c) A pond contains a lot of aquatic plants. The diagram below is a graph which shows the changes in the
percentages of dissolved oxygen and dissolved carbon dioxide in the pond over a period of 24 hours.
Sebuah kolam mengandungi banyak tumbuhan akuatik. Rajah di bawah ialah graf yang menunjukkan
perubahan peratusan kandungan oksigen terlarut dan karbon dioksida terlarut dalam kolam itu bagi
tempoh24 jam.

Diagram
Rajah
Based on the graph in the diagram above, explain the differences in the percentages of dissolved oxygen
15

and
dissolved carbon dioxide in the pond during stage X, stage Y and stage Z.
[10 marks]
Berdasarkan graf pada rajah di atas, terangkan perbezaan perubahan peratusan kandungan oksigen
terlarut dan karbon dioksida terlarut dalam kolam itu di peringkat X, peringkat Y dan peringkat Z.
[10 markah]

8.

(a) The diagram below shows the process of colonisation and succession in a habitat.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan proses pengkolonian dan penyesaran dalam suatu habitat.

Diagram
Rajah
What is meant by colonisation and succession in a habitat?
Based on the diagram above, explain how colonisation and succession bring about the formation of the
primary forest in a habitat.
[10 marks]
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan pengkolonian dan penyesaran dalam suatu habitat?
Berdasarkan rajah di atas, terangkan bagaimana pengkolonian dan penyesaran membawa kepada
pembentukan hutan primer dalam suatu habitat.
[10 markah]
(b) The diagram below shows an ecosystem in Malaysia.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan suatu ekosistem di Malaysia.

16

Diagram
Rajah
Based on the diagram above, discuss why ecosystem has to be maintained.
[10 marks]
Berdasarkan rajah di atas, bincangkan kenapa ekosistem ini perlu dikekalkan.
[10 markah]
9.

(a) The figure below shows one of the environmental phenomena which has become a current topic of
discussion.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu daripada fenomena alam sekitar yang menjadi isu perbincangan masa
kini.

Figure
Rajah
Name this phenomenon and explain how it happens.
If you are an environmental activist, suggest how would you explain to society about the measures needed
to overcome the phenomenon.
[10 marks]
Namakan fenomena ini dan terangkan bagaimana fenomena ini berlaku.
Jika anda adalah seorang aktivis alam sekitar, cadangkan bagaimana anda akan menerangkan kepada
orang ramai tentang langkah-langkah yang diperlukan untuk mengatasi fenomena ini.
[10 markah]
(b) The figure below shows an activity carried out near a residential area with the intention to develop the
area.
However, the residents are worried about the bad effects of the activity.
Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu aktiviti yang dilakukan berhampiran satu kawasan perumahan dengan
hasrat untuk membangunkan kawasan itu. Walau bagaimanapun, penduduk di kawasan tersebut bimbang
tentang kesan buruk daripada aktiviti itu.

17

Figure
Rajah
If you were a resident of the area, discuss the good and bad effects of the activity.
[10 marks]
Jika anda penduduk di kawasan itu, bincangkan kesan baik dan kesan buruk aktiviti tersebut.
[10 markah]

18