MODUL III

TRANSFORMASI
LAPLACE
PENGERTIAN INTEGRAL TAK WAJAR

Andaikan fungsi f terdefinisikan untuk t 0. Integral tak wajar yang
didefinisikan oleh,


dikatakan konvergen, bila limit pada ruas kanan ada. Jika limitnya tidak ada
nilainya, maka integral tak wajar dikatakan divergen.
dt t f dt t f
b
b
) ( lim ) (
0 0
} }

=
2
1
2
1
2
lim
2
lim
lim
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
=
(
(

+ =
(
(

=
=

} }
b
b
b
t
b
b
t
b
t
e
e
dt e dt e


Contoh
Contoh :
Fungsi Gamma yang dinyatakan
dengan (n) didefinisikan oleh,
! ) 1 ( ) 2 (
) ( ) 1 ( ) 1 (
) (
0
1
n n
n n n
dt e t n
t n
= + I
I = + I
= I
}

PENGERTIAN TRANSFORMASI LAPLACE
dt e t f t f L s F
st
}

= =
0
) ( )] ( [ ) (
Andaikan fungsi f terdefinisikan
untuk untuk t 0. Transformasi
Laplace dari dinyatakan dengan
F(s) = L{f} didefinisikan oleh



jika limitnya ada
2 2
0
) (
0
1 0
1 0
2 2
0
) (

cos
cos ] cos [
) 1 (
] [
!
] [

cos ] [cos
: Contoh
b a s
a s
dt bt e
dt e bt e bt e L
s
r
dt e t t L
s
n
dt e t t L
b s
s
dt bt e bt L
t a s
st at at
r
st r r
n
st n n
st
+

=
=
=
+ I
= =
= =
+
=
=
}
}
}
}
}

a s
e L
dt e
dt e e e L
at
t a s
st at at

=
=
=
}
}

1
] [

] [
: Contoh
0
) (
0
Contoh :

>
s s
=
1 jika ,
1 0 jika ,
1
) (
t
t t
t f
2
2
1
1
0
1

) 1 ( 1

)] ( [
nya - Laplace si transforma Maka
s
e
s
e
s
e s
dt e dt te t f L
s
s s
st st

=
+
+
=
+ =
} }

>
s s
s s
=
2 jika ,
2 1 jika ,
1 0 jika ,
1
0 ) (
: Contoh
t
t
t t
t f
2
2
2
1
0
) 1 ( 1

0 )] ( [
nya - Laplace si transforma Maka
s
se e s
dt e dt te t f L
s s
st st

+ +
=
+ + =
} }
Pergeseran Pada Sumbu s
Andaikan F(s) adalah transformasi
Laplace dari fungsi f(t). Menurut
definisi transformasi Laplace dari
e
at
f(t) didefinisikan oleh,
) (
) (
) ( )] ( [
0
) (
0
a s F
dt e t f
dt e t f e t f e L
t a s
st at at
=
=
=
}
}

Jadi, jika diberikan bahwa

L{f(t)} = F(s),

maka

L{e
at
f(t)} = F(s - a).
2 2
2 2
1
1
2 2
2 2
) (
) ( ] sin [
) ( ] [sin
) (
!
) ( ] [
) (
!
] [
) (
) ( ] cos [
) ( ] [cos
: Contoh
b a s
b
a s F bt e L
s F
b s
b
bt L
a s
n
a s F t e L
s F
s
n
t L
b a s
a s
a s F bt e L
s F
b s
s
bt L
at
n
n at
n
n
at
+
= =
=
+
=

= =
= =
+

= =
=
+
=
+
+
TABEL TRANSFORMASI LAPLACE
Contoh
) 2 (
3 ) 2 ( 4

2
3 4

2
1
3
! 2
2
] 3 [ ] 2 [ ] 3 2 [
3
3
3
1 2
2 2 2 2

+
=

+ =

+ =
+ = +
+
s s
s s
s
s
s
s
e L t L e t L
t t
) 9 )( 2 (
) 9 ( 3 ) 2 ( 6

2
3
9
6

2
1
3
3
3
2 ] 3 3 sin 2 [
2
2
2
2 2
2
+
+
=

+
=

+
=
s s
s s
s
s
s
s
e t L
t
6
13

) 3 )( 2 (
) 2 ( 2 ) 3 ( 3

) 3 (
1
2
2
1
3
] 2 [ ] 3 [ ] 2 3 [
2
3 2 3 2
+
+
=
+
+
=

=
=

s s
s
s s
s s
s s
e L e L e e L
t t t t
) 4 (
3 ) 4 ( 4

4
3 4

2
3
! 2
2 ] 2 cos 3 2 [
2 3
4 2
2 3
2 2 1 2
2
+
+
=
+
=
+
=
+
s s
s s
s
s
s
s
s
s
t t L
) 13 6 ( ) 3 (
) 3 ( 3 ) 3 ( 12 48

4 ) 3 (
) 3 ( 3
) 3 (
12

2 )) 3 ( (
) 3 (
3
)] 3 ( [
! 3
2
] 2 cos 3 [ ] 2 [ ] ) 2 cos 3 2 [(
2 4
5 2
2 4
2 2 1 3
3 3 3 3 3
+ + +
+ + + +
=
+ +
+
+
+
=
+

+

=
+ = +
+

s s s
s s
s
s
s
s
s
s
te L e t L e t t L
t t t
Contoh
) 13 4 ( ) 3 (
) 3 ( 9 ) 3 ( 16 54

9 ) 2 (
9
) 3 (
6

3 ) 2 (
3
3
) 3 (
! 2
3
] 3 sin 3 [ ] 3 [ ] 3 sin 3 3 [(
2 3
3 2
2 3
2 2 1 2
2 3 2 2 3 2
+
+ +
=
+
+

=
+
+

=
+ = +
+
s s s
s s
s s
s s
t e L e t L t e e t L
t t t t
INVERS TRANSFORMASI LAPLACE
Andaikan bahwa :

F(s) = L{f}

menyatakan trasformasi Laplace
dari f(t). Fungsi f yakni L
1
{F(s)},
disebut invers transformasi
Laplace F(s) sehingga,

f(t) = L
1
{F(s)}

Jika diketahui :

L
1
{F(s)} = f(t),
Maka

L
1
{F(s - a)} = e
at
f(t)

t t
s
L
s
s
L t f
s s
s
s F
e e
s
L
s
L t f
s s
s F
t t
2 sin
2
3
3 cos 4
4
1
3
9
4 ) (
4
3
9
4
) ( ) 2 (
4 3
3
1
4
2
1
3 ) (
3
4
2
3
) ( ) 1 (
: Contoh
2
1
2
1
2 2
3 2
1 1
+ =
)
`

+
+
)
`

+
=
+
+
+
=
=
)
`

)
`

=
+

t t
e t te
s
L
s
L t f
s s
s
s
s
s
s F
t t
s
L
s
s
L t f
s s
s
s
s
s F
2 2 2
3
1
2
1
3 2
3 3
2
1
2
1
2 2
2
2
11
4
) 2 (
1
11
) 2 (
1
4 ) (
) 2 (
11
) 2 (
4

) 2 (
3 8 ) 2 ( 4
) 2 (
3 4
) ( ) 4 (
2 sin 2 2 cos 3
4
1
4
4
3 ) (
4
4
4
3

4
4 3
) ( ) 3 (
+ =

+ +
=

+
=
=
)
`

)
`

+
=
+

+
=
+

=


Contoh :
t e t e
s
L
s
s
L t f
s s
s
s
s
s
s
s s
s
s F
t t
3 cos
3
5
3 cos 4
9 ) 2 (
1
5
9 ) 2 (
) 2 (
4 ) (
9 ) 2 (
5
9 ) 2 (
) 2 ( 4

9 ) 2 (
13 8 ) 2 ( 4

9 ) 2 (
13 4
13 4
13 4
) ( ) 5 (
2 2
2
1
2
1
2 2
2
2 2

+ =

+ +
+

+ +
+
=
+ +
+
+ +
+
=
+ +
+ +
=
+ +
+
=
+ +
+
=
KASUS 1 : Faktor Q(s) Linier Tidak Berulang
Misalkan,
)
`

= =

) (
) (
) ( dan ,
) (
) (
) (
1
s Q
s P
L t f
s Q
s P
s F
Bilamana,

Q(s)=(s a
1
)(s a
2
) (s a
n
)

Tulislah F(s) menjadi
t a
n
t a t a
n
n
a s
i
a s
i
n
n
n
i i
e A e A e A
a s
L A
a s
L A t f
s Q
s P a s
s Q
s P
A
a s
A
a s
A
a s
A
s Q
s P
+ + + =
)
`

+ +
)
`

= =

+ +

=

= =
...
1
...
1
) (
) (
) ( ) (
) ( '
) (

...
) (
) (
2 1
2 1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
Contoh
) 4 )( 3 (
) 3 ( ) 4 (
4 3
) 4 )( 3 (
3 4
12 7
3 4
) (
2

+
=

=

+
=
+
+
=
s s
s B s A
s
B
s
A
s s
s
s s
s
s F
t t
e e
s
L
s
L
s s
s
L t f
3 4
1 1
2
1
15 19
3
1
15
4
1
19
12 7
3 4
) (
=
)
`

)
`

=
)
`

+
+
=

Contoh

Hitung, f(t) dari :



Jawab :
P(s) = s
2
4s + 13
Q(s) = s
3
2s
2
s +2
=(s + 1)(s 1)(s 2)
Tulis F(s) menjadi :
2 2
13 4
) (
2 3
2
+
+
=
s s s
s s
s F
2 1 1

) 2 )( 1 )( 1 (
13 4

2 2
13 4
) (
3 2 1
2
2 3
2

+
+
=
+
+
=
+
+
=
s
A
s
A
s
A
s s s
s s
s s s
s s
s F
t t t
s
s
s
e e e
s
L
s
L
s
L t f
s s s
s F
s s s
s s s
A
s s s
s s s
A
s s s
s s s
A
2
1 1 1
2
2
3
1
2
2
1
2
1
3 5 3
2
3
1
5
1
3
) (
dan,
2
3
1
5
1
3
) (
maka
3
) 2 )( 1 )( 1 (
) 13 4 )( 2 (
5
) 2 )( 1 )( 1 (
) 13 4 )( 1 (
3
) 2 )( 1 )( 1 (
) 13 4 )( 1 (
Mengingat,
+ =
)
`

+
)
`

)
`

+
=

+
=
=
+
+
=
=
+
+
=
=
+
+ +
=

=
=
=
KASUS 2 : Faktor Q(s) Linier Berulang

Misalkan,
)
`

=
=

) (
) (
) (
dan ,
) (
) (
) (
1
s Q
s P
L t f
s Q
s P
s F
Bilamana,

Q(s)=(s a)
m
, m < n

Tulislah F(s) menjadi
a s
m
k m
k m
k
a s
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
s Q
s P a s
ds
d
k m
A
s Q
s P a s
A
a s
A
a s
A
a s
A
a s
s P
s Q
s P
=

+ +

=
) (
) ( ) (
)! (
1
) (
) ( ) (

...
) ( ) (
) (
) (
) (
) (
1
1
1

+ + +

=
)
`

1 2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
...
)! 2 ( )! 1 (

1
...
) (
1
) (
1
) (
A t A
m
t
A
m
t
A e
a s
L A
a s
L A
a s
L A t f
m
m
m
m
at
m
m
m
m
Contoh

Hitung, f(t) dari :



Jawab :
P(s) = 4s + 3
Q(s) = (s 1)(s 2)
2
Tulis F(s) menjadi :
2
) 2 )( 1 (
3 4
) (

+
=
s s
s
s F
7
) 2 )( 1 (
) 3 4 )( 1 (
Karena,
2
) 2 (
1

) 2 )( 1 (
3 4
) (
1
2
1
2
2
2
=

+
=

=

+
=
= s
s s
s s
A
s
B
s
B
s
A
s s
s
s F
t t t
s
s
s
s
e te e
s
L
s
L
s
L t f
s
s
s
s F
s
s s
s s
ds
d
B
s
s
s s
s s
B
2 2
1
2
1 1
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
7 11 7
2
7
) 2 (
11
1
7
) (
Jadi,
2
7
) 2 (
11
1
7
) (
sehingga,
7
) 1 (
7

) 2 )( 1 (
) 3 4 ( ) 2 (
)! 1 2 (
1
11
1
3 4
) 2 )( 1 (
) 3 4 ( ) 2 (
+ =
)
`

+
)
`

=
=

=

+

=
=

+
=

+
=

=
=
=
=
Contoh

Hitung, f(t) dari :



Jawab :
Tulis F(s) menjadi :
3 2
) 2 ( ) 3 (
6 4
) (


=
s s
s
s F
14
) 2 (
) 6 4 (
6
) 2 ( ) 3 (
) 6 4 ( ) 3 (
Karena,
2
) 2 ( ) 2 (
3
) 3 (
) (
3
3
1
3
3 2
2
2
1
2
2
3
3
1
2
2
=

=
=


=

=
=
=
s
s
s
s
ds
d
A
s s
s s
A
s
B
s
B
s
B
s
A
s
A
s F
t t t t t
s s
s s
s s
e te e t e te
s
L
s
L
s
L
s
L
s
L t f
s
s s
s
s
s F
s
s
s
s
ds
d
B
s
s
s
s
ds
d
B
s
s
s s
s s
B
2 2 2 2 3 3
1
2
1
3
1
1
2
1
2 3 2
2
4
2
3
1
2
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
3 2
3
3
14 8 14 6
2
14
) 2 (
8
) 2 (
2
3
14
) 3 (
6
) (
Jadi,
2
14
) 2 (
8
) 2 (
2
3
14
) 3 (
6
) (
sehingga,
14
) 3 ( 2
12 8
) 3 (
4
)! 1 3 (
1
8
) 3 (
4
) 3 (
6 4
)! 2 3 (
1
2
) 3 (
6 4
) 2 ( ) 3 (
) 6 4 ( ) 2 (
+ + + =
)
`

+
)
`

=
=

+
=

=
=

=
=

=


=


= =
= =
= =
KASUS 3 : Faktor Q(s) Kompleks Konjugate
Misalkan,
)
`

=
=

) (
) (
) (
dan ,
) (
) (
) (
1
s Q
s P
L t f
s Q
s P
s F
Bilamana Q(s) memuat akar
kompleks konjugate tidak
berulang,

Q(s)=(s a)
2
+ b
2


Tulislah F(s) menjadi
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
) ( ) (
) (
) (
) (
) (
b a s
B aA
b a s
a s A
b a s
B aA a s A
b a s
B As
+
+
+
+

=
+
+ +
=
+
+
bi a s
a
a a
a
at at
s Q
s P b a s
b
Q
Q b B aA Q
b
B aA
Q A
bt e
b
B aA
bt Ae
b a s
B aA
L
b a s
a s A
L
b a s
B As
L t f
+ =

+
=
= + =
+
=
+
+ =

+
+
+

+

=

+
+
=
) (
) ( ] ) [( 1
) Re( ), Re(
dan ), Im(
dimana,
sin cos
) ( ) (
) (
) (
) (
2 2
2 2
1
2 2
1
2 2
1
Contoh

Hitung, f(t) dari :



Jawab :
Tulis F(s) menjadi :
) 8 4 )( 3 (
15 5
) (
2
+
+
=
s s s
s
s F
6
) 8 4 )( 3 (
) 15 5 )( 3 (
Karena,
4 ) 2 (
2 ) 2 (
3
4 ) 2 (
3
) (
3
2
2
2
=
+
+
=
+
+ +
+

=
+
+
+

=
= s
s s s
s s
A
s
C B s B
s
A
s
C Bs
s
A
s F
t e t e e
s
L
s
s
L
s
L t f
s s
s
s
s F
i C B
i A
i
i
i
s s s
s s s
Q
t t t
i s
a
2 sin
2
1
2 cos 6 6
4 ) 2 (
1

4 ) 2 (
) 2 ( 6
3
6
) (
4 ) 2 (
1
4 ) 2 (
) 2 ( 6
3
6
) (
1 6
2
1
Re 2 2
, 6 6
2
1
Im
sehingga,
6
2
1
) 2 1 ( 2
10 25

) 8 4 )( 3 (
) 15 5 )( 8 4 (
2
1
2 2 3
2
1
2
1 1
2 2
2 2
2
2
=

)
`

=
+

=
=
|
.
|

\
|
= +
=
|
.
|

\
|
=
=
+
+
=
+
+ +
=

+ =
Contoh
Hitung, f(t) dari :



Jawab :
Tulis F(s) menjadi :
) 13 6 ( ) 2 (
30 5
) (
2 2
2
+
+
=
s s s
s
s F
8
) 13 6 (
) 180 70 30
13 6
30 5
10
) 13 6 ( ) 2 (
) 30 5 ( ) 2 (
Karena,
4 ) 3 (
2
) 2 (
) (
2
2 2
2
2
2
2
1
2
2 2
2 2
2
2
1
2
2
=
+
+ +
=
+
+
=
=
+
+
=
+
+
+

=
=
=
=
s
s
s
s s
s s
s s
s
ds
d
A
s s s
s s
A
s
C Bs
s
A
s
A
s F

+

+
)
`

=
+

+

+

=
=
|
.
|

\
|
+ = +
=
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
+ =
+
+
=
+
+ +
=


+ =
4 ) 3 (
3

4 ) 3 (
) 3 ( 8
2
8
) 2 (
10
) (
4 ) 3 (
3

4 ) 3 (
) 2 ( 8
2
8
) 2 (
10
) (
3 8
2
3
Re 2 3
8 8
2
3
Im
8
2
3
) 4 3 ( 2
60 55

) 13 6 ( ) 2 (
) 30 5 )( 13 6 (
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
2 2
2 3
2 2
2 2
s
L
s
s
L
s
L
s
L t f
s
s
s
s
s
s F
i C B
i A
i
i
i
s s s
s s s
Q
i s
a
Soal-soal Latihan,Tentukanlah invers Laplace, f(t), jika :
3
4
2 3
2 3
2 3
2
2 3
2
2 3
2
2
) 3 )( 1 (
12 4
) ( . 7
) 3 (
12 4
) ( . 6
15 23 9
12 4
) ( . 5
12 15 8
6 2
) ( . 4
8 14 7
8 2
) ( . 3
16 4 4
6 2
) ( . 2
8 6
3 2
) ( . 1

+
=

+
=
+
+
=
+
+
=
+
+
=
+
+
=
+
+
=
s s
s
s F
s
s s
s F
s s s
s
s F
s s s
s
s F
s s s
s
s F
s s s
s s
s F
s s
s
s F
) 5 2 ( ) 2 (
12 10
) ( . 13
) 10 6 ( ) 2 (
12 8
) ( . 12
) 8 4 )( 3 (
20 10
) ( . 11
) 13 6 )( 2 (
12 8
) ( . 10
) 4 ( ) 2 (
12 8
) ( . 9
) 4 )( 2 (
12 8
) ( . 8
2 3
2
2 2
2
2
2
4 2
2
4
2
+ + +
+
=
+
+
=
+ + +
+
=
+
+
=

+
=

+
=
s s s
s
s F
s s s
s
s F
s s s
s
s F
s s s
s
s F
s s
s
s F
s s
s
s F
LAPLACE TURUNAN FUNGSI
Andaikan fungsi f(t) kontinu untuk semua t 0, dan mempunyai turunan-
turunan f(t), f(t), f (t), , f
n1
(t) yang kontinu untuk semua t 0, dan jika
f
(n)
(t) kontinu sepotong-sepotong untuk t 0. Transformasi Laplace dari
turunan fungsi f
n
(t) diberikan oleh :
) 0 ( ) 0 ( ) 0 ( ) ( ) 0 ( ) 0 ( ) 0 ( ] [ )] ( [ (3)
) 0 ( ) 0 ( ) ( ) 0 ( ) 0 ( ] [ )] ( [ (2)
) 0 ( ) ( ) 0 ( ] [ )] ( [ (1)
: khusus Kasus
) 0 ( ) 0 ( ... ) 0 ( ) 0 ( ) (
) 0 ( ) 0 ( ... ) 0 ( ) 0 ( ] [ )] ( [
2 3 2 3
2 2
) 1 ( ) 2 ( 2 ) 1 (
) 1 ( ) 2 ( 2 ) 1 ( ) (
f f s f s s F s f f s f s f L s t f L
f sf s F s f sf f L s t f L
f s sF f f sL t f L
f sf f s f s s F s
f sf f s f s f L s t f L
n n n n n
n n n n n n
' '

'
=
' '

'
=
' ' '
'
=
'
=
' '
= =
'

'
=

'
=


Contoh

Hitung, F(s) dari :
f(t) = cos
2
bt
Jawab :
Mengingat,
f'(t) = 2 cosbt sinbt
= sin2bt
f(0) = cos 0 = 1
Maka.
) 4 (
4 2
] [cos
4
2
1 ) (
4
2
) 0 ( ) (
] 2 sin [ )] ( [
2 2
2 2
2
2 2
2 2
b s s
b b s
bt L
b s
b
s sF
b s
b
f s sF
bt L t f L
+
+
=
+
=
+
=
=
'
Contoh

Hitung, F(s) dari :
f(t) = t cos bt. f(0) = 0
Jawab :
Mengingat,
f'(t) = cos bt b t sinbt, dan f'(0) = 1
f''(t) = 2b sin bt b
2
t cos bt
Maka.
2 2 2
2 2
2 2
2
2 2
2
2 2
2
2
2
) (
] cos [
2
1 ) ( ) (
) (
2
) 0 ( ) 0 ( ) (
] cos [ ] [sin 2 )] ( [
b s
b s
bt t L
b s
b
s F b s
s F b
b s
b
f sf s F s
bt t L b bt bL t f L
+

=
+
= +

+
=
'

=
' '
TABEL TRANSFORMASI LAPLACE
Contoh
Hitung, f(t) dari :



Jawab :
Tulislah F(s) menjadi,
2 2
2
) 4 (
8
) (
+

=
s
s
s F
t t t
t t t t t t
s
L
s
s
L t f
s s
s
s F
2 cos
2
3
2 sin
4
1

) 2 cos 2 2 (sin
) 2 ( 2
1
8 ) 2 cos 2 2 (sin
) 2 ( 2
1

) 4 (
8
) 4 (
) (
Jadi,
) 4 (
8
) 4 (
) (
3
2 2
1
2 2
2
1
2 2 2 2
2
+ =
+ =

+
=
+

+
=

Contoh
Hitung, F(s) dari :



Jawab :
Tulislah F(s) menjadi,
2 2
2
) 8 4 (
8 2
) (
+
+
=
s s
s
s F
16 ) 2 ( 8 ) 2 ( 2
8 16 8 ) 2 ( 8 ) 4 4 ( 2 8 2
4 ) 2 ( 8 4
Mengingat,
2
2 2
2 2
+ + =
+ + + + = +
+ = +
s s
s s s s
s s s
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
+ + + =

+
+

+

+

+

=
+
+
+

+
+

=

t t t t t e
t t t
e
t t
e
t t t
e
s
L
s
s
L
s
s
L t f
s s
s
s
s
s F
t
t t t
2 cos 2 sin 2 2 sin
2
3

) 2 cos 2 2 (sin
) 2 ( 2
16
2 sin
) 2 ( 2
8
) 2 cos 2 2 (sin
) 2 ( 2
2

] 4 ) 2 [(
18
] 4 ) 2 [(
) 2 ( 8
] 4 ) 2 [(
) 2 ( 2
) (
Jadi,
] 4 ) 2 [(
16
] 4 ) 2 [(
) 2 ( 8
] 4 ) 2 [(
) 2 ( 2
) (
2
3
2 2 2
2 2
1
2 2
1
2 2
2
1
2 2 2 2 2 2
2
KASUS 4 : Faktor Q(s) Kompleks Berulang

Misalkan,
)
`

=
=

) (
) (
) (
dan ,
) (
) (
) (
1
s Q
s P
L t f
s Q
s P
s F
Bilamana Q(s) memuat
akar kompleks konjugate
berulang,

Q(s)=[(s a)
2
+ b
2
]
2

Tulislah F(s) menjadi
) (
) (
) ( ] ) [(
) Im(
2
1
)], Re( [
2
1
) Re( ), Im(
1
) (
) (

] ) [(
) (
] ) [(
) (
2 2 2
2
2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
bi a R Sa
s Q
s P b a s
Ra
Sa
b
D aC Sa A
b
C
Ra B aA Ra
b
A
b a s
D aC a S C
b a s
B aA a s A
b a s
s P
bi a s
+
'
=
+
=
= + =
= + =
+
+ +
+
+
+ +
=
+
+ =
|
.
|

\
|
+
+ + + + =

+
+ +
+

+
+ +
=

b
D aC
bt c e bt bt bt
b
e
b aA bt t
b
Ae
b a s
D aC a s C
L
b a s
B aA a s A
L t f
at
at at
cos ) cos (sin
2
) ( sin
2
) (
) (

] ) [(
) (
) (
3
2 2
1
2 2 2
1
Contoh
Hitung, f(t) dari :



Jawab :
Tulislah F(s) menjadi,
2 2
2
)] 4 )[( 2 (
16 2
) (
+
+
=
s s
s
s F
i
s s
s s
Ra
s s
s s
E
s
E
s
D Cs
s
B As
s F
i s
s
2 2
) 4 )( 2 (
) 16 2 ( ) 4 (
8
3
) 4 )( 2 (
) 16 2 )( 2 (
Mengingat,
2
4
)] 4 [(
) (
2
2 2
2 2 2
2
2 2
2
2
2 2
=
+
+ +
=
=
+
+
=

+
+
+
+
+
+
=
=
=
)
`

+
)
`

)
`

=
= =
= =
= = = =
=


=

+
=


= =
2
1
8
3
4
1
4
3
4
8
3

) 4 (
2
) 4 (
) (
Jadi,
4
3
) 3 2 Im(
) 2 ( 2
1
,
8
3
)) 3 2 Re( 1 (
) 2 ( 2
1
2 ) 2 2 Re( , 1 ) 2 2 Im(
2
1
Sehingga,
3 2
) 2 (
16 8 2
2
16 2
1
2
1
2
1
2 2
1
2 2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
s
L
s
L
s
s
L
s
L
s
s
L t f
i D
i C
i B i A
i
s
s s
s
s
ds
d
Sa
i s i s
Contoh
Hitung, f(t) dari :



Jawab :
Tulislah F(s) menjadi,
2 2
3
)] 8 4 )[( 2 (
16 2
) (
+
+
=
s s s
s
s F
i
s s s
s s s
Ra
s s s
s s
E
s
E
s
D C s C
s
B A s A
s F
i s
s
8 16
) 8 4 )( 2 (
) 16 2 ( ) 8 4 (
2
) 8 4 )( 2 (
) 16 2 )( 2 (
Mengingat,
2
4 ) 2 (
2 ) 2 (
)] 4 ) 2 [(
2 ) 2 (
) (
2 2
2 2
3 2 2
2
2 2
3
2
2 2
+ =
+
+ +
=
=
+
+
=

+
+
+ +
+
+
+ +
=
+ =
=
)
`

+
+

+
+

+

=
= + = +
= + =
= + = +
= + =
+ =

+
=

+ =
2
2
4 ) 2 (
2
4 ) 2 (
) 2 ( 2

) 4 ) 2 (
16
) 4 ) 2 (
) 2 ( 4
) (
Jadi,
2 ) 8 20 Im(
) 2 ( 2
1
2
, 2 )) 8 20 Re( 4 (
) 2 ( 2
1
16 ) 8 16 Re( 2
, 4 ) 8 16 Im(
2
1
8 20
2
16 2
1
2
1
2
1
2 2
1
2 2
1
2
2 2
3
s
L
s
L
s
s
L
s
L
s
s
L t f
i D C
i C
i B A
i A
i
s
s
ds
d
Sa
i s
SOAL-SOAL LATIHAN

Hitung transformasi Laplace dari :
. cos ) ( . 6
sin ) ( . 5
cos ) ( . 4
sin ) ( . 3
cos ) ( . 2
sin ) ( . 1
2
2
2
2
2
bt e t f
bt t t f
bt t t f
bt t f
bt t t f
bt t t f
at
=
=
=
=
=
=
Hitung invers Laplace dari :
2 2 2
2
2 2 2
2
2 2
2
2 2
2
2 2
2
2 2
2
) 13 6 )( 4 (
8 4s
F(s) . 12
) 13 6 )( 4 (
8 4s
F(s) . 11
) 13 4 )( 2 (
8 4s
F(s) . 10
) 2 )( 2 (
8 4s
F(s) . 9
) 6 4 (
18 8s
F(s) . 8
) 2 (
8 4s
F(s) . 7
+ +
+
=
+
+
=
+
+
=
+
+
=
+ +
+
=
+
+
=
s s s
s s s
s s s
s
s s
s s
s
LAPLACE INTEGRAL FUNGSI
Andaikan fungsi f(t) kontinu
untuk t 0 dan L{f(t)} = F(s)
adalah transformasi Laplace
dari f(t). Transformasi
Laplace integral fungsi f(t)
kontinu diberikan oleh
du u f s F
s
L
s F
s
du u f L
t
t
) ( ) (
1

akibatnya, Sebagai
) (
1
) (
0
1
0
}
}
=
)
`

=
)
`

Rumus diatas berguna untuk

menghitung invers Laplace :
)
`

=

) (
1 1
) (
1
1
s F
s
s
s F
s
n n
Contoh
Hitung, f(t) dari :
Jawab :
Mengingat,
) 4 (
1
) (
2 2
+
=
s s
s F
t t
u u du u
s s
s
L
s s
L
t udu
s
s
L
t
s
L
t
t
2 sin
8
1
4
1
2 sin
2
1
4
1
) 2 cos 1 (
4
1
) 4 (
1 1
) 4 (
1
) 2 cos 1 (
4
1
2 sin
2
1
4
1 1
maka,
2 sin
2
1
4
1

0
0
2
1
2 2
1
2
0 2
1
2
1
=
(

= =

|
|
.
|

\
|
+
=

+
= =
)
`

|
|
.
|

\
|
+
=
)
`

+
}
}

Contoh
Hitung, f(t) dari :
Jawab :
t e
s s
L
s s s
s F
t
sin
5 4
1
dan ,
) 5 4 (
1
) (
2
2
1
2 2
=
)
`

+ +
=

) 4 5 (
25
1
) cos 4 sin 3 (
25
1
) cos 2 (sin
5
) cos sin 2 (
5
2
5
1

5
1
) cos 2 sin 2 (
5
) 5 4 (
1 1
) 5 4 (
1
5
1
) cos sin 2 (
5

) cos sin 2 (
5
sin
5 4
1 1
2

0
2 2
0
2
2
1
2 2
1
2

0
2
2
0
2
2
1
+ + =
(
(

+ + =
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =

|
|
.
|

\
|
+
=

+
+ =
(
(

= =
)
`

|
|
.
|

\
|
+
}
}

t t t e
u u u
e
u u
e
du u u
e
s s s
s
L
s s s
L
t t
e
u u
e
udu e
s s
s
L
t
t
u u
t
t
t
t
u
t
Contoh
Hitung, f(t) dari :
Jawab :
t
te
s
L
s s
s F
2
2
1
2 3
) 2 (
1
dan ,
) 2 (
1
) ( =

=

|
.
|

\
|
+ + + =
(

+ +
|
.
|

\
|
=
|
.
|

\
|
+ + =

|
|
.
|

\
|

+ + =
(

+
|
.
|

\
|
=
|
.
|

\
|
+ =

|
|
.
|

\
|

+ =
(
(

|
.
|

\
|
= =

|
|
.
|

\
|

}
}
}

4
3
2
1
4
3
2
1
4
1
2
1
2
1
4
1
2
1
4
1
1 (
4
1
) 2 (
1 1
) 2 (
1
) 1 (
4
1
2
1
2
1
4
1

4
1
4
1
2
1
) 2 (
1 1
) 2 (
1
4
1
4
1
2
1
2
1
2
) 2 (
1 1
2 2 2
0
2 2 2 2

0
2 2
2 2
1
2 3
1
2 2
0
2 2 2

0
2 2
2
1
2 2
1
2 2
0
2
0
2
2
1
t t e te u u e e ue
du u e ue
s s
s
L
s s
L
t e te u e e ue
du e ue
s s
s
L
s s
L
e te u
e
du ue
s
s
L
t t
t
u u u
t
u u
t t
t
u u u
t
u u
t t
t
u
t
u
DIFERENSIAL TRANSFORMASI LAPLACE
, ) ( ) 1 (
) (

dan, ,
) (
) 1 ( )] ( [ ) 3 (
, ) ( )] ( [
dan, ), ( )] ( [ ) 2 (
, ) ( )] ( [
dan, ), ( )] ( [ ) 1 (
, umum Rumus
)] ( [ ) ( ) (
: maka , terhadap diturunkan Jika
) ( ) (
, 0 untuk kontinu ) ( Andaikan
1
2
2 1
2
1

0

0
t f t
ds
s F d
L
ds
s F d
t f t L
t f t s F L
s F t f t L
t tf s F L
s F t tf L
t tf L dt t tf e s F
s
dt t f e s F
t t f
n n
n
n
n
n
n
t
st
t
st
=

=
=
' '
' '
=
=
'
'
=
= =
'
=
>

}
}
Contoh
Hitung, L[t cos bt ] dan L[t sin bt]
Jawab :
2 2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
) (
2

] sin [
) ( ] [sin
) (

] cos [
) ( ] [cos
b s
bs
b s
b
ds
d
bt t L
s F
b s
b
bt L
b s
b s
b s
s
ds
d
bt t L
s F
b s
s
bt L
+
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
=
=
+
=
+

=
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
=
=
+
=
Contoh
Hitung, L[t
2
cos bt ] dan L[t
2
sin bt]
Jawab :
2 2 2
3 2
2 2
2
2 2 2
3 2 2
2 2
2 2 2
2 2
2
2 2 2
2 2
2
) (
6

2
] sin [
) (
) (
2
] sin [
) (
) 3 ( 2

) (
] cos [
) (
) (
] cos [
b s
b bs
b s
bs
ds
d
bt t L
s F
b s
bs
bt t L
b s
b s
b s
b s
ds
d
bt t L
s F
b s
b s
bt t L
+

=
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
=
=
+
=
+
+
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
+

=
=
+

=
Contoh
Hitung, L[t
4
e
at
]
Jawab :
5 4
4
4 3
3
3 2
2
2
) (
! 4
) (
! 3
] [
) (
! 3
) (
2
] [
) (
2
) (
1
] [
) (
1

1
] [
1
] [
a s a s
ds
d
e t L
a s a s
ds
d
e t L
a s a s
ds
d
e t L
a s
a s ds
d
te L
a s
e L
at
at
at
at
at

=
|
|
.
|

\
|

=
|
|
.
|

\
|

=
|
|
.
|

\
|

=
|
.
|

\
|

=

=
INTEGRASI TRANSFORMASI LAPLACE
t
t f
dz z F L
t f s F L
dz z F
dz z F
t
t f
L
t
t f
dt t f e s F
t t f
s
s
b
s
t
st
) (
) (
: maka
), ( )} ( { , bila Akibatnya
) ( lim
) (
) (

: maka ada
) (
lim Jika,
) ( ) (
, 0 untuk kontinu ) ( Andaikan


1
1




0

0
=
)
`

=
=
=
)
`

=
>
}
}
}
}

Contoh
Hitung, F(s) dari
Jawab :
t
e
t f
at
1
) (

=
|
.
|

\
|

=
(

|
.
|

\
|

=
|
.
|

\
|

=
= =

}
a s
s
z
a z
dz
z a z t
e
L
s a s
e L
a
ae
t
e
b
s
b
s
at
at
at
t
at
t
ln ln lim

1 1 1
maka,
1 1
] 1 [
1
lim
1
lim
Mengingat,




0 0
Contoh
Hitung, F(s) dari
Jawab :
t
bt e
t f
at
cos
) (

=
2
2 2
2 2
2
2 2
2


2 2
2

2 2

2 2
2 2
0 0
) (
ln
2
1 ) (
ln
2
1 ) (
ln lim
2
1

) (
ln lim
2
1
) ln(
2
1
) ln( lim

1 cos
maka,
1
] cos [
1
sin
lim
cos
lim
Mengingat,
a s
b s
b s
a s
b t
a t
b z
a z
b z a z
dz
b z
z
a z t
bt e
L
b s
s
a s
bt e L
a
bt b ae
t
bt e
t
t
s
t
t
s
t
s
at
at
at
t
at
t

+
=
+

=
(
(

|
|
.
|

\
|
+

=
(

+ =
|
|
.
|

\
|
+

=
=
+
=

}
Contoh
Hitung, f(t) dari
Jawab :
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
2
2
1 ln ) (
s
b
s F
) cos 1 (
2 2 cos 2

2 2
1 ln
Sehingga,
1 ln ln ln lim
2 2

2 cos 2
2 2 2 2
dan,
2 2
ln ) ln( ln 1 ln
Mengingat,

2 2 2
2
1
2
2
2
2 2

2
2 2
2 2
1
2 2
1
2 2
1
2 2
2 2 2
2
2 2
2
2
bt
t t
t bt
dz
z
b z
z
L
s
b
L
s
b
s
b s
t
b t
dz
z
b z
z
bt
s
L
b s
s
L
s
b s
s
L
s
b s
s
s
ds
d
b s
ds
d
s
b s
ds
d
s
b
ds
d
s
t
s
t
s
=

=
)
`

|
|
.
|

\
|

+
=

|
|
.
|

\
|
+
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
=
(
(

+
=
|
|
.
|

\
|

+
=
)
`

)
`

+
=
)
`

+
= + =
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
}
}

Contoh
Hitung, f(t) dari
Jawab :
|
|
.
|

\
|

+
=
|
|
.
|

\
|

+ =
2
2 2
2
2
) (
) (
ln
) (
1 ln ) (
a s
b a s
a s
b
s F
) cos 1 (
2 2 cos 2


2
) (
) ( 2
) (
1 ln
Sehingga,
) (
) (
ln
) (
) (
ln lim
2
) (
) ( 2
2 cos 2
2
) (
) ( 2
dan,
2
) (
) ( 2
) ln( )] ) ln[(
) (
) (
ln
Mengingat,

2 2 2
2
1
2
2 2

2
2 2
2 2
2 2
1
2 2
2 2 2
2
2 2
bt
t
e
t
e bt e
dz
a z
b a z
a z
L
a s
b
L
a s
b a s
a t
b a t
dz
a z
b a z
a z
e bt e
a s
b a s
a s
L
a s
b a s
a s
a s
ds
d
b a s
ds
d
a s
b a s
ds
d
at at at
s
t
s
t
s
at at
=

|
|
.
|

\
|

+

=

|
|
.
|

\
|

+
|
|
.
|

\
|

+
=
(
(

+
=
|
|
.
|

\
|

+

=

+

= + =
|
|
.
|

\
|

+
}
}

SOAL-SOAL LATIHAN
Hitunglah F(s), jika diberikan f(t)
berikut ini
t
1 at sin at cos e
) t ( f ). 6 (
t
bt cos be b
) t ( f ). 5 (
t
at cos bt cos e
) t ( f ). 4 (
t
bt cos 1 t
) t ( f ). 3 (
t
1 t bt cos e
) t ( f ). 2 (
t
t 2 sin e t
) t ( f ). 1 (
bt
at
at
at
at

=

=
+
=
+
=
+
=
Hitunglah f(t), jika diberikan F(s)
berikut ini
(
(

+ +
+
=
(
(

+
=
(
(

+
=
(
(

=
(

+
+ =
(
(

+ =
2 2
2 2
2
2 2
2
2 2
2
2 2
2
2
b a) (s
b s
ln F(s) ). 6 (
b) - (s
b a) - (s
ln F(s) (5).
a) - (s
b s
ln F(s) ). 4 (
a) - (s
2bs
- 1 ln F(s) ). 3 (
b 2 s
2bs
1 ln F(s) ). 2 (
a) - (s
b
1 ln F(s) ). 1 (
PENERAPAN PERSAMAAN DIFERENSIAL
) 0 ( ); 0 (
batasnya, syarat
) (
l, diferensia Persamaan
y y
t r cy y b y a
'
= +
'
+
' '
c bs as
y a y b as
c bs as
s R
s Y
y a y b as s R s Y c bs as
t r L y cL y bL y aL
+ +
'
+ +
+
+ +
=
'
+ + + = + +
= +
'
+
' '
2 2
2
) 0 ( ) 0 ( ) ( ) (
) (
) 0 ( ) 0 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) (
)} ( { } { } { } {
Laplace, si Transforma
) (
) (
) (
) (
) (
) 0 ( ) 0 ( ) ( ) (
) (
)} ( { ) (
Y(S), pembantu Persamaan
2
s Q
s G
s Q
s R
s Y
y a y b as s G
c bs as s Q
t r L s R
+ =
'
+ + =
+ + =
=
)
`

+
)
`

=
'
= +
'
+
' '

) (
) (
) (
) (
) (
adalah,
) 0 ( ); 0 (
) (
l, diferensia persamaan Solusi
1 1
s Q
s G
L
s Q
s R
L t y
y y
t r cy y b y a
Kasus PD Orde 3
) 0 ( ), 0 ( ); 0 (
batasnya syarat
) (
l, diferensia Persamaan
1 2 3
y y y
t r y a y a y a y a
o
' ' '
= +
'
+
' '
+
' ' '
) (
) (
) (
) (
) (
) 0 ( ) 0 ( ) ( ) 0 ( ) ( ) (
) (
)} ( { ) (
Y(S), pembantu Persamaan
3 2 3 1 2
2
3
0 1
2
2
3
3
s Q
s G
s Q
s R
s Y
y a y a s a y a s a s a s G
a s a s a s a s Q
t r L s R
+ =
' '
+
'
+ + + + =
+ + + =
=
)
`

+
)
`

=

) (
) (
) (
) (
) (
l, diferensia persamaan Solusi
1 1
s Q
s G
L
s Q
s R
L s Y
Contoh, Kasus 1
Tentukanlah solusi PD



Jawab :
5 ) 0 ( , 2 ) 0 (
4 6 5
=
'
=
= +
'

' '
y y
e y y y
t
) 3 )( 2 )( 1 (
9 7 2
) 6 5 )( 1 (
) 1 )( 5 2 ( 4
6 5
5 2
) 6 5 1)(s - (s
4
Y(s)
Jadi,
5 2 5 ) 5 ( 2
) 0 ( ) 0 ( ) 5 ( ) (
) 3 )( 2 ( 6 5 ) (
1
4
] 4 [ ) (
Y(s) pembantu Persamaan
2
2
2 2
2

+
=
+
+
=
+

+
+
=
= + =
'
+ =
= + =

= =
s s s
s s
s s s
s s
s s
s
s
s s
y y s s G
s s s s s Q
s
e L s R
t
t t t
s
e e e
s s s
s s s
3 2
1 - 1 - 1 -
3 2
1
2
1
3 2 1
3 3 2
3 - s
3
L
2 - s
3
L -
1 - s
2
L y(t)
PD Solusi
3 - s
2
2 - s
3
1 - s
2
Y(s)
. 3 A dan , 3 A
2
) 3 )( 2 )( 1 (
) 9 7 2 )( 1 (
A
dengan,
3 - s
A
2 - s
A
1 - s
A
Y(s)
parsial pecahan Jumlahan
+ =
)
`

+
)
`

)
`

=
+ =
= =
=

+
=
+ + =
=
Contoh, Kasus 1
Tentukanlah solusi PD



Jawab :
6 ) 0 ( , 12 ) 0 ( , 6 ) 0 (
0 6 5 2
=
' '
=
'
=
= +
'

' '

' ' '

y y y
y y y y
) 3 )( 1 )( 2 (
12 - 24s - 6s
Y(s)
Jadi,
12 - 24s - s 6
6 ) 2 ( 12 - 5) 2 (s 6 G(s)
3) )(s 1 (s ) 2 (
6 5s - 2s - s ) (
0 ] 0 [ ) (
Y(s) pembantu Persamaan
2
2
2
2 3
+
=
=
=
+ =
+ =
= =
s s s
s s
s
s Q
L s R
t t t
s
s
s
e e e
s s s
s s
s s s
s s
s s s
s s
3 2
1 - 1 - 1 -
3
2
3
1
2
2
2
2
1
3 2 1
3 5 4
3 - s
3
L
1 - s
5
L
2 s
4
L y(t)
PD Solusi
3 - s
3
1 - s
5
2 s
4
Y(s)
3
) 3 )( 1 )( 2 (
) 12 - 24s - 6 )( 3 (
A
5
) 3 )( 1 )( 2 (
) 12 - 24s - 6 )( 1 (
A
4
) 3 )( 1 )( 2 (
) 12 - 24s - 6 )( 2 (
A
dengan,
3 - s
A
1 - s
A
2 s
A
Y(s)
parsial pecahan Jumlahan
+ =
)
`

)
`

+
)
`

+
=
+
+
=
=
+

=
=
+

=
=
+
+
=
+ +
+
=

=
=
=
Contoh, Kasus 2
Tentukanlah solusi PD



Jawab :
8 ) 0 ( , 2 ) 0 (
4 6 4 4
2 3
=
'
=
= +
'

' '
y y
e e y y y
t t
) 3 ( ) 2 (
14 10 2

) 2 (
2
2) - (s
1
) 3 )( 2 (
2
Y(s)
2 8 ) 4 ( 2 ) (
) 2 ( 4 4 ) (
) 3 )( 2 (
2

2
4
3
6
] 4 6 [ ) (
Y(s) pembantu Persamaan
3
2 3
2 2
2 2
2 3

+
=

+

=
= + =
= + =

=

= =
s s
s s s
s
s
s s
s
s s s G
s s s s Q
s s
s
s s
e e L s R
t t
t t
s
s
s
s
e t t e
s
s s s
ds
d
s
s s s
ds
d
s s
s s s s
s s
s s s s
s
A
2 2 3 1 -
2
1 -
3
1 - 1 -
2
2 3
2
2
1
2
2 3
2
2
3
2 3 3
3
3
3
2 3
1
2
2
3
3
) 4 2 2 ( 6
2 - s
4
L
2) - (s
2
L -
2) - (s
4
L -
3 - s
6
L y(t)
PD Solusi
4
3
14 10 2
2
1
B
2
3
14 10 2
B
4
) 3 ( ) 2 (
) 14 10 2 ( ) 2 (
B
6
) 3 ( ) 2 (
) 14 10 2 )( 3 (
A
2 - s
B
2) - (s
B
2) - (s
B
3
Y(s)
+ + =
)
`

)
`

=
=

+
=
=

+
=
=

+
=
=

+
=
+ + +

=
=
=
=
=
Contoh, Kasus 3
Tentukanlah solusi PD



Jawab :
5 ) 0 ( , 5 ) 0 (
10 8 4
3
=
'
=
= +
'

' '
y y
e y y y
t
) 3 ]( 4 ) 2 [(
10 ) 3 ( 5

4 ) 2 (
15 5

] 4 2) - [(s
1
) 3 (
10
Y(s)
15 5 5 ) 4 ( 5 ) (
4 ) 2 ( 8 4 ) (
3
10
] 10 [ ) (
Y(s) pembantu Persamaan
2
2
2
2
2 2
3
+
+
=
+

+
+

=
= + =
+ = + =

= =
s s
s
s
s
s
s s s G
s s s s Q
s
e L s R
t
|
.
|

\
|
+ =

+
+
)
`

=
=
|
.
|

\
|
+ = +
=
|
.
|

\
|
+ = + =
+
+ +
=
=
+
+
=
+
+
+
+
+ =
+ =
=
t t e e
e
s s
s s
Q
s s
s s
t t
i s
a
s
2 sin
2
7
2 cos 2 2

4 2) - (s
7
L
4 2) - (s
3
L
3 - s
2
L y(t)
7 - 3i
2
7 -
2R B 2C
, 3 3i
2
7 -
Im A . 3i
2
7
-
] 4 ) 2 )[( 3 (
) 11 6s - ( 5 ] 4 ) 2 [(
2
1
2
] 4 ) 2 )[( 3 (
) 11 6s - ( 5 ) 3 (
A
4 2) - (s
C 2B
4 2) - (s
2) - B(s
3 - s
A
Y(s)
2 3
2
1 -
2
1 - 1 -
2 2
2
2 2
3
2
2
2 2
Contoh, Kasus 3
Tentukanlah solusi PD



Jawab :
50 ) 0 ( , 0 ) 0 (
2 cos 50 4 4
3
=
'
=
= +
'

' '
y y
t e y y y
t
2 2
2
2
2 2
2 2
2
3
) 2 ]( 4 ) 3 [(
) 10 5 ( 50

) 2 (
50

2) - (s
1
] 4 ) 3 [(
) 3 ( 50
Y(s)
50 50 ) 4 ( 0 ) (
) 2 ( 4 4 ) (
4 ) 3 (
) 3 ( 50
] 2 cos 50 [ ) (
Y(s) pembantu Persamaan
+
+
=

+
+

=
= + =
= + =
+

= =
s s
s s
s
s
s
s s G
s s s s Q
s
s
t e L s R
t

4 3) - (s
32
L -
4 3) - (s
3) - 12(s
L
2 - s
6
L
2) - (s
40
L y(t)
-32 _ 12 16 ( 2R B C 3
, 12 12i) Im(-16 A , 12i 16 - .
] 4 ) 3 [( ) 2 ( 2
) 10 5 ( 50 ] 4 ) 3 [(
6
4 ) 3 (
] 10 5 ( 10
A
40
] 4 ) 3 [( ) 2 (
) 10 s 5 ( 50 ) 2 (
A
4 3) - (s
C B 3 3) - B(s
2 - s
A
2) - (s
A
Y(s)
2
1 -
2
1 -
1 -
2
1 -
2 3
2 2
2 2
2
2
2
1
2
2 2
2 2
2
2
1
2
2

+
+
)
`

=
= + = +
= + = + =
+
+ +
=
=
+
+
=
=
+
+
=
+
+ +
+ + =
+ =
=
=
i e
s s
s s s
Q
s
s s
ds
d
s s
s s
i s
a
s
s
Contoh, Kasus 4
Tentukanlah solusi PD



Jawab :
4 ) 0 ( , 4 ) 0 (
2 sin 8 2 cos 4 4
=
'
=
= +
' '
y y
t t y y
2 2
2 3
2 2 2
2 2
2
) 4 (
20 4 4

4
4 4
) 4 (s
1
) 4 (
16 4
Y(s)
4 4 4 ) 0 ( 4 ) (
4 4 0 ) (
4
16 4

] 2 sin 8 2 cos 4 [ ) (
Y(s) pembantu Persamaan
+
+ +
=
+
+
+
+ +

=
+ = + =
+ = + + =
+

=
=
s
s s s
s
s
s
s
s s s G
s s s s Q
s
s
t t L s R
)
`

+
+
)
`

+
+

+
=
= + =
= + =
= + = = + =
+ = + + =
+ =
+
+ + +
=
+
+
+
+
+
=
=
4 s
4
L
4 s
4s
L
4) (s
16
L -
4) (s
4s
L y(t)
PD Solusi
4 ) 18 28 Im(
) 2 ( 2
1
, 4 ) 16 28 Re( 4 [
) 2 ( 2
1
16 ) 8 16 Re( , 4 ) 8 16 Im(
2
1
A
16 28 20 4 4 S
8 16
) 4 (
) 5 ( 4 ) 4 (
R
4 s
D Cs
4) (s
B As
Y(s)
2
1 -
2
1 -
2 2
1 -
2 2
1 -
2
2
2 3
a
2
2 2
2 3 2 2
a
2 2 2
i D
C
i B i
i s s s
ds
d
i
s
s s s s
i
i s
Contoh, Kasus 4
Tentukanlah solusi PD



Jawab : Persamaan pembantu Y(s)
8 ) 0 ( , 2 ) 0 (
) 2 sin 8 2 cos 4 ( 8 4
2
=
'
=
+ = +
'

' '
y y
t t e y y y
t
4 2 8 ) 2 ( 2 ) (
4 ) 2 ( 8 4 ) (
4 ) 2 (
16 ) 2 ( 4

)] 2 sin 8 2 cos 4 ( [ ) (
2 2
2
2
+ = + =
+ = + =
+
+
=
+ =
s s s G
s s s s Q
s
s
t t e L s R
t
) 2 sin 3 2 cos 2 2 cos 2 2 sin (
4 ) 2 (
4
L
4 ) 2 (
) 2 ( 2
L
] 4 ) 2 [(
16
L
] 4 ) 2 [(
) 2 ( 4
L y(t)
PD Solusi
4 ) 2 (
2 ) 2 (
] 4 ) 2 [(
2 ) 2 (
Y(s)
parsial pecahan Jumlahan
] 4 ) 2 [(
8 20 8 2
4 ) 2 (
4 2
4 ) 2 (
1
4 ) 2 (
8 4
) (
2
2
1 -
2
1 -
2 2
1 -
2 2
1 -
2 2 2
2 2
2 3
2 2 2
t t t t t t e
s
s
s
s s
s
s
B C s C
s
B A s A
s
s s s
s
s
s s
s
s Y
t
+ + =

+
+

+

+

+
+

+

=
+
+ +
+
+
+ +
=
+
+ +
=
+
+
+
+

+
+
=
Contoh, Kasus 4
Tentukanlah solusi PD



Jawab : Persamaan pembantu Y(s)
50 ) 0 ( , 10 ) 0 ( , 0 ) 0 (
2 cos 50 16 16 7
2
=
' '
=
'
=
=
'
+
' '

' ' '

y y y
t e y y y y
t
) 2 ( 10 50 ) 7 ( 10 0 ) (
] 4 ) 2 )[( 3 (
16 20 7 ) (
4 ) 2 (
) 2 ( 20
] 2 cos [ 16 ) (
2
2 3
2
2
= + + =
+ =
+ =
+

= =
s s s G
s s
s s s s Q
s
s
t e L s R
t
|
.
|

\
|
+ + =

+
+

+
+

)
`

=
+ = =

+
+
+ +
+
+
+ +
=
+
+
=
+

+
+

=
t t t t t t e e
s
s
s
s s
s
s
i S i R
s
E
s
B C s C
s
B A s A
s s
s s s
s s
s
s s
s
s Y
t t
a a
2 cos 4 2 sin
2
11
2 cos 5 2 sin
2
5
10
4 ) 2 (
6
L
4 ) 2 (
) 2 ( 4
L
] 4 ) 2 [(
40
L
] 4 ) 2 [(
) 2 ( 10
L
3
10
L y(t)
PD Solusi
24 22 , 20 40 ,
3
4 ) 2 (
2 ) 2 (
] 4 ) 2 [(
2 ) 2 (
Y(s)
parsial pecahan Jumlahan
] 4 ) 2 )[( 3 (
) 26 21 6 ( 10
] 4 ) 2 )[( 3 (
) 2 ( 10
] 4 ) 2 )[( 3 (
) 2 ( 50
) (
2 3
2
1 -
2
1 -
2 2
1 -
2 2
1 - 1 -
2 2 2
2 2
2 3
2 2 2
SOAL-SOAL LATIHAN
Carilah solusi persamaan diferensial berikut ini
4 (0) y 2, (0) y , 0 y(0)
e 4 1)y - (a a - y a y 1) - (a - y (6)
b (0) y , y(0)
e 1)y 1)(b a ( y 2) b (a - y (5)
b (0) y 2, y(0)
2 sin e 4 y a y 2a - y (4)
b (0) y 2, y(0)
2 cos e 4 1)y - a(a y 1) - (2a - y (3).
b (0) y a, (0) y 0, y(0)
10e 15y - y 23 y 9 - y (2).
b (0) y 2, y(0)
4e y 3 y 4 - y ). 1 (
1)t - (a 2 2
bt
1)t - (a 2
at
at
at
=
' '
=
'
=
=
'
+
' ' ' ' '
=
'
=
= + + +
'
+ +
' '
=
'
=
= +
' ' '
=
'
=
= +
' ' '
=
' '
=
'
=
=
'
+
' ' ' ' '
=
'
=
= +
' ' '
t
a
a
t
t
(7). y''+(a+b+1)y' + a(b+1)y = be
at
,
y(0)=a, y'(0)=a+b
(8) y''+(a+b+1)y'+b(a+1)y = be
at
cos 2t,
y(0)=0, y'(0)=0
(9). y'' - (2a1)y' + a(a-1)y = te
at

y(0)=b, y(0)=b(a 1)
(10). y'' + 2ay'+(a
2
+b
2
)y = ab
2
te
at
y(0)=0, dan y'(0)=a
,
FUNGSI TANGGA SATUAN

>
<
=
a t
a t
a t u
jika ,
jika ,
1
0
) (
Gambar fungsi tangga satuan
Secara umum fungsi tangga yang
bernilai 0 bila t < a dan f(t a) bila t
> a, diberikan oleh :
Fungsi tangga satuan yang disebut
juga dengan fungsi Heaviside
satuan didefinisikan oleh :

>
<

=
a t
a t
a t f
t g
jika ,
jika ,
) (
0
) (
Dalam bentuk fungsi tangga
satuan, u(t a), fungsi g(t)
dinyatakan oleh f(t a)u(t a),
dengan demikian fungsi diatas
ditulis menjadi

>
<

=
a t
a t
a t f
a t u a t f
jika ,
jika ,
) (
0
) ( ) (
Contoh

Nyatakan fungsi berikut dalam
tangga satuan




Jawab :
Dengan memperhatiikan sketsa
pada gambar,

>
< <
<
=
1 jika ,
1 0 jika ,
0 jika ,
0
1
0
) (
t
t
t
t f
) 1 ( ) (
1 jika ,
1 0 jika ,
0 jika ,
0
1
0
) (
=

>
< <
<
=
t u t u
t
t
t
t f
LAPLACE FUNGSI TANGGA
Jika F(s) = L{f(t)}, f(t) = L
1
{F(s)}
maka transformasi Laplace dari
fungsi tangga


adalah,

>
<

=
a t
a t
a t f
a t u a t f
,
,
) (
0
) ( ) (
) ( ) ( )} ( {
, Laplacenya invers dan
) ( )} ( ) ( {
1
a t u a t f s F e L
s F e a t u a t f L
as
as
=
=

) ( L
dan,
)} ( {
khusus, Kasus
1 -
a t u
s
e
s
e
a t u L
as
as
=

Contoh
Tentukanlah transformasi Laplace dari



f(t) = u(t) u(t-1)



Jawab :
Karena, f(t) = u(t) u(t-1), maka :
s
e
s
e
s
e
t u L t u L t f L
s
s s

=
=
=
1


)} 1 ( { )} ( { )} ( {
1 0
Contoh
Tentukanlah transformasi Laplace
dari

f(t) = tu(t)u(t -1) - (t-1)u(t-1)





Jawab :
Karena, maka :
2
1
} {
s
t L =
2
2 2
0
1


)} 1 ( ) 1 {(
)} 1 ( { )} ( { )} ( {
s
e se
s
e
s
e
s
e
t u t L
t u L t tu L t f L
s s
s s s



=
=

=
2
1
} {
s
t L =
2
2 2
2
2 2
2


)} 2 ( ) 2 {(
)} 2 ( { )} 1 ( ) 1 {( )} ( {
s
e se e
s
e
s
e
s
e
t u t L
t u L t u t L t f L
s s s
s s s



=
=

=
Contoh
Tentukanlah transformasi Laplace
dari






f(t)=(t1)u(t1)u(t2)(t2)u(t 2)
Jawab :
Karena, maka :
Contoh
Tentukanlah y(t) dari :



Jawab : Tulislah Y(s) menjadi,
2 3
1
) (
2
+

=

s s
e
s Y
s

>
<
+

=

=
=
)
`

)
`

=

=
=

1 ,
1 ,
) 1 ( ) (
) (
1
1
2
1
) (
1
1
2
1
) 2 )( 1 (
1
) (
) ( ) (
) 2 )( 1 (
1
) (
2
2
1
2
) 1 ( ) 1 ( 2
2
2 1 1
t
t
e k e k
e e
t u e e
e e t y
e e
s
L
s
L t f
s s s s
s F
e s F s F
s s
e
s Y
t t
t t
t t
t t
t t
s
s
e
e
k
e
e
k

=
1
,
1
2
2
2
1
Contoh
Tentukanlah y(t) dari :



Jawab : Tulislah Y(s) menjadi,
4
) (
2
+

=

s
se s
s Y
s t

>
< <
=
=
=
)
`

+
=
+
=
=
+

,
0 ,
0
2 cos

) ( ) ( 2 cos 2 cos ) (
2 cos
4
) (
,
4
) (
) ( ) (
4
) (
2
1
2
2
t
t
t t
t
t
t
t t
t u t t t y
t
s
s
L t f
s
s
s F
e s F s F
s
se s
s Y
s
s
Contoh
Carilah solusi PD :
y 4y + 4y = r(t)
y(0)=0, dan y(0)=0 dimana
r(t) = u(t) u(t 1)
Jawab :
Persamaan pembantu Y(s),
2
2
2 2
) 2 (
1
) (
dengan,
) ( ) (
) 2 (
1
) (
0 0 ) 0 )( 4 ( ) (
) 2 ( 4 4 ) (
1
)} 1 ( { )} ( { ) (

=
=

=
= + =
= + =

= =
=

s s
s F
e s F s F
s s
e
s Y
s s G
s s s s Q
s
e
t u L t u L s R
s
s
s
Solusi PD
Mengingat,
) 1 ( } 1 ) 1 ( 2 {
4
1
) 1 2 (
4
1
) ( ) ( ) ( ) (
adalah, PD Solusi
) 1 2 (
4
1
) 2 (
1
)} ( { ) (
maka,
) 2 (
1
) 1 ( 2 ) 1 ( 2
2 2
2 2
0
2
2
1 1
2
2
1
+
+ =
=
+ = =

= =
=

}
t u e e t
e te
a t u a t f t f t y
e te du ue
s s
L s F L t f
te
s
L
t t
t t
t t
t
u
t
Contoh
Carilah solusi PD :
y + 4y = r(t)
y(0)=0, dan y(0)=0 dimana
r(t) =sin 2t u(t) sin2(t)u(t)
Jawab : Persamaan Y(s),
2 2
2 2
2
2
) 4 (
2
) (
dengan, , ) ( ) (
) 4 (
2 2
) (
0 0 ) 0 )( 0 ( ) (
4 ) (
4
2 2
)} ( ) ( 2 {sin
} 2 {sin ) (
+
=
=
+

=
= + + =
+ =
+

=

=

s
s F
e s F s F
s
e
s Y
s s G
s s Q
s
e
t u t L
t L s R
s
s
s
t
t
t
t t
Solusi PD
Mengingat,

>
<

)
`

=
=
=

+
= =

t
t
t
t t t t
t t
t
t
t
t t t
t u t t t
t t t
t u t f t f t y
t t t
s
L s F L t f
,
,
2 cos
4
1
2 cos
4
1
2 sin
8
1
) ( ) ( 2 cos ) (
4
1
) ( 2 sin
8
1
2 cos
4
1
2 sin
8
1
) ( ) ( ) ( ) (
adalah, PD solusi maka
2 cos
4
1
2 sin
8
1

) 4 (
2
)} ( { ) (
2 2
1 1
Selesaikanlah persamaan diferensial
berikut ini

(1). y'' + b
2
y = cos b(t - t) u(t - t), dengan
syarat y(0) = a, dan y(0) = b
(2).y + 9y = r(t), dengan syarat y(0) = 18,
y(0) = 0, dan r(t) = sin3(t - )u(t )
(3). y 5y + 6y = r(t), dengan syarat
y(0) = 8, y(0) = 0, dan r(t) = u(t) u(t 2)
(4). y + 4y = r(t), syarat y(0) = 8, y (0) = 0,
dan r(t) = cos 2t cos 2(t 2) u(t 2)
(5). y 3y + 2y = r(t), dengan syarat y(0) =
10, y(0) = 0, dan r(t) = u(t) u(t 1)
(6). y + 9y = r(t), dengan syarat y(0) = 4,
y(0) = 6, dan
r(t) = cos 3t cos 3(t 3) u(t 3)


2 2 2 2
s 2 2
2 2 2
s 2
2
s
2
s
2
s
2
s
) b ) a s ((
) se s (
) s ( F ). 6 (
) a s (
) e 1 ( s
) s ( F ). 5 (
8 s 4 s
) e 1 ( 4
) s ( F ). 4 (
9 s
) e 4 s 2
) s ( F ). 3 (
4 s
) se 4
) s ( F ). 2 (
2 s 3 s
) e 1 ( s
) s ( F ). 1 (
+ +

=
+

=
+ +

=
+

=
+

=
+ +

t
t
t
t
t
SOAL-SOAL LATIHAN

Tentukanlah f(t), jika :
TEOREMA KONVOLUSI
Andaikan f(t) dan g(t) terdefinisi
untuk t a, memenuhi konsistensi
transformasi transformasi Laplace
sedemikian sehingga L{f(t)} = F(s),
dan L{g(t)} = G(s), transformasi
Laplace fungsi yang didefinisikan
oleh, h(t) = (fg)(t) diberikan oleh :

H(s) = L(fg)(t) = L(f) L(g)
= F(s)G(s)
Akibatnya bila, h(t) = L
1
[H(s)]
dengan H(s)= F(s)G(s), maka
fungsi h(t) diberikan oleh,
dz z t g z f
t h t f s G s F L
s H L t h
t
) ( ) (
) ( ) ( )} ( ) ( {
)} ( { ) (

0
1
1
}
=
= =
=

Contoh
Carilah h(t) jika
Jawab :
Mengingat,
2 2
) (
1
) (
a s s
s H

=
) 2 ( ) 2 (
1

2 2

1
) ( ze h(t)
) (
1
,
1
3 3

0
3 2
2

0
2
t
0
az
2
1
2
1
+ + =
(
(

|
|
.
|

\
|
+

|
|
.
|

\
|
=
=
=

=
)
`

}

at
a
e
at
a
e
a a
z
a
z
e
a
a
z
t
dz z t
te
a s
L t
s
L
at
t
az
t
az
at
Contoh
Carilah solusi PD :
y + b
2
y = bt
y(0)=0, dan y(0)=0
Jawab :
Persamaan Y(s),
2 2
2
2 2 2
2 2
2
) (
1
) (
Konvolusi, Teorema
) (
) (
0 0 ) 0 )( 0 ( ) (
) (
} { ) (
b s
b
s G
s
s F
b s s
b
s Y
s s P
b s s Q
s
b
bt L s R
+
=
=
+
=
= + + =
+ =
= =
) sin (
1
sin
1
cos cos
dz sin ) (
sin )} ( ) ( { y(t)
adalah, PD Makasolusi
sin ,
1
Mengingat
2

0
2

0
1
2 2
1
2
1
bt bt
b
bz
b
bz
b
z
bt
b
t
bt z t
bt t s G s F L
bt
b s
b
L t
s
L
t
t
=
(

|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
=
- = =
=
)
`

+
=
)
`

}


Contoh
Carilah solusi PD :
y + 4y = 8 cos 2t
y(0)=3, dan y(0)=6
Jawab :
Persamaan Y(s),
4
8
) ( ,
4
) (
Konvolusi, Teorema
4
4
4
3
) 4 (
8
4
4 3
) 4 (
8
) (
4 3 ) (
4 ) (
4
8
} 2 {cos 8 ) (
2 2
2 2 2 2
2 2 2
2
2
+
=
+
=
+
+
+
+
+
=
+
+
+
+
=
+ =
+ =
+
= =
s
s G
s
s
s F
s s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s Y
s s P
s s Q
s
s
t L s R
t t t t
z
z z t
t t st t
t t z t z
t t t t
s
L
s
s
L s G s F L
t
s
L t
s
s
L
t
t
t
2 sin 2 2 cos 3 2 sin
4
1
2
2 cos 2 sin
4
1
2 sin
2
4
2 sin
4
1
2 cos
2
4
sin 2 2 cos 3
2 sin 2 2 cos 3 dz ) ( 2 cos 2 sin 4
2 sin 2 2 cos 3 2 sin 2 cos 4
4
4
4
3
)} ( ) ( { y(t)
adalah, PD solusi Maka
2 sin
2
1
4
1
, 2 cos
4
Mengingat

0

0
2

0
2
1
2
1 1
2
1
2
1
+ + =
(

+ +
(

+ + =
+ + =
+ + - =
)
`

+ )
`

+
+ =
=
)
`

+
=
)
`

+
}


Persamaan integral biasanya
diberikan oleh persamaaan,
PERSAMAAN INTEGRAL
du u y u t k t f t y
du u y t u k t f t y
t
b
a
) ( ) ( ) ( ) (
integral, persamaan khusus Kasus
) ( ) , ( ) ( ) (

0


}
}
+ =
+ =
Fungsi, k(u,t)=k(t u) disebut
Kernel. Dalam bentuk konvolusi
ditulis

y(t) = f(t) + k(t)*y(t)

Dengan transformasi Laplace
solusi persaman integral diberikan
oleh,
L{y(t)} =L{f(t)} + L{k(t)*y(t)}
Y(s) = F(s) + K(s)Y(s)
(1 K(s))Y(s) = F(s)

Jadi persamaan pembantunya
adalah,
)
`

=
) ( 1
) (
L y(t)
adalah
integral persamaan Solusi
) ( 1
) (
) (
1 -
s K
s F
s K
s F
s Y
Contoh
Carilah solusi persaman integral,


Jawab :
Persamaan pembantu Y(s),
du u t te t y
t
t
) ( 2 cos y(u) 2 ) (

0
2
}
+ =
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
) 2 (
4
) ( 1
1
4
) 2 (
4
4 4
4
4
1 ) ( 1
4
4
} 2 cos 4 { ) (
) 2 (
1
} { ) (

+
=

=
+
+
=
+
=
+
= =

= =
s
s
s K
s
s
s
s s
s
s
s K
s
s
t L s K
t
te L s F
t
t
s
s
e t t t
A A s
ds
d
A
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s
s Y
2 2 3
2
1 -
3
1 -
4
1 -
1 2
2
2
3
2
4
2
4
4
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
4
2
2
2
2
2
4
6
8
2) - (s
1
L
2) - (s
4
L
2) - (s
8
L y(t)
PD Solusi
0 , 1 , 4 ) 4 (
8
) 2 (
4
) 2 ( A
2 - s
A
2) - (s
A
2) - (s
A
2) - (s
A
Y(s)
parsial, Jumlahan
) 2 (
4
) 2 (
4
) 2 (
1
) (
pembantu, Persamaan
|
.
|

\
|
+ + =

=
= = = + =
=

+
=
+ + + =

+
=

=
=
=
SOAL-SOAL LATIHAN
Dengan Teorema Konvolusi,
hitunglah f(t)

) b (s
b s
F(s) (6).

) b (s
s
F(s) (5).

) 1 s )( a (s
s
(4).F(s)
) a s ( s
2a
(3).F(s)

) a s ( s
1
F(s) (2).

) a s ( s
1
F(s) ). 1 (
2 2 2
2 2
2 2 2
2
2 2 2
2
2 2 2
3
3
+

=
+
=
+ +
=
+
=

=
Selesaikanlah persamaan integral
berikut ini
dr e ) r ( y e 2 te y(t) ). 6 (
dr e ) r t ( ) r ( y e 2 e 1 y(t) ). 5 (
dr ) r t ( sin ) r ( y 2 t cos e y(t) ). 4 (
dr ) r t ( 2 cos ) r ( y t 2 sin 2e y(t) ). 3 (
dr ) r t ( 2 a cos ) r ( y a 2
) t ( u ) t ( a sin e y(t) ). 2 (
dr ) r t ( 2 a cos ) r ( y a 2 te y(t) ). 1 (
r
t
0
t
t
r
t
0
t t
t
0
2t
t
0
t
t
0
) - a(t
t
0
1)t (b -
}
}
}
}
}
}

+
=
+ + =
+ =
+ =
+
=
=
t t
t