Apndice B

PESOS Y NMEROS ATMICOS

TABLA B.l Pesos atmicos relativos, 1965 (Basados en la masa atmica de l*C = 12)
Los valores de los pesos atmicos indicados en la tabla se aplican a los elementos tal como existen en la naturaleza, sin alteracin artificial de su composicin isotpica, as como a mezclas naturales que no incluyen istopos
de origen radiognico.
Nombre
Aluminio
Americio
Antimonio
Arebn
Asta10
Bario
Berkelio
BtXiliO
Bismuto
BOm
Bromo
Cadmio
Cesi
CalCiO

Californio
ClUbOllO
CHiO
Cl003
Cromo
Cobalto
Cobre
CUtiO
DinlXOSiO
Einstenio
Erbio
EUrOpi
Fermio
Fblor
Francio
Gadolinio
Galio
Germanio
GIO
HafIliO
Helio
Holmio
Indio YOdO
Iridio
HiCrrO
Kriptn
Lantano
Laurencio
Plomo
Litio
Lutecio
Magnesio
Mendelero

Sfmbolo
AC
AI
Am
Sb
Ar
AS
AL
Ba
Bk
Be
Bi
B
Br
Cd
CS
Ca
Cf
C
CC
Cl
Cr
CO
CU
Cm
DY
Es
Er
EU
Fm
F
Qd
Ga
Ge
AU
Hf
He
no
I-I
Ill
1
ti
FC
Kr
La
Lr
P b
Li
LU
Mg
Mil
Md

NOmero
at6mico
89
13
9s
SI
18
33
SS
56
91
4
83
5
3s
48
55
20
98
6
SS
17
24
27
29
%
66
99
68
63
loo
9
87
64
31
32
79
72
2
67
I
49
53
77
26
36
57
103
82
3
71
12
2s
101

Peso
atcSmic0
26.9815
121.75
39.948
74.9216
137.34
9.0122
208.980
10.811
79.904
112.40
132.905
40.08
I2.OIllS
140.12
3SW3b
S1.W
58.9332
63.546b
162SO
167.26
lSl.%
18.9984
lS7.25
69.72
72.59
196.%7
178.49
4.0026
164.930
1.00797
114.82
126.9044
192.2
SS.847
83.80
138.91
207.19
6.939
174.97
24.312
54.9380
-

FUENTE: Compres Rmdus, 23rd. IUPAC Conference.

1965,

Nombre

Slmbolo

Merculio
Molibdeno
Neodimio
Ne6n
Neptunio
Nfquel
Niobio
Nitr6geno
Noklio
Osmio
Oxigeno
Paladio
Wsforo
Platifl0
Plutonio
Polonio
POtasiO
Praseodimio
Pmmetio
Protactinio
Radio
Redbn
Renio
Rodio
Rubidio
Rutenio
samario
Escandio
SdFXiO
Silicio
Plata
Sodio
Estroncio
Azufre
Tmtrdio
Tecnecio
Telurio
Terbio
Talio
TOiiO
Tulio
Esta80
litanio
Tungsteno
Uranio
Vanadio
Xendn
Iterbio
ItriO
cinc
7lireonio

Hg

MO
Nd
Ne
NP
Ni
Nb
N
NO
OS
0
P d
P
PI
pu
PO
K
R
Pm
Pa
Ra
Rn
Re
Rb
Rb
RU
Sm
Sc
Se
Si
Ag
Na
Sr
S
Ta
TC
Te
Tb
TI
Tb
Tm
Sll
Ti
W
u
V
XC
Yb
Y
Zll
Zr

Buttemoti, Londres. 1965,

NOmero
at6mico

Peso
at6mico

80
42

2cm9
95.94
144.24
20.183
58.71
92.906
14.0067
190.2
lS.9994
106.4
30.9738
19s.09
-

60
10

93
28
41

102
75

8
46
IS

78

94

84
19
59
61
91
88
86
7s
4s
37
44

62
21

34

14
41

II

38
16
73
43
52
65
81

90

s9
so

22
74
92
23
54
70
39
30

40

p&. 177-178.

39.102
140.907
186.2
IO2.905
84.57
101.07
150.35
44.956
78.%
28.086
107.868
22.9898
87.62
32.064
180.948
127.60
158.924
204.37
232.038
168.934
118.69
47.90
183.83
238.03
so.942
131.30
173.04
88.90s
65.37
91.22

641

Apndice C

TABLAS DE VAPOR DE AGUA

Nota: Las tablas en unidades del SI y del sistema estadounidense de ingenieria para el vapor
de agua supercalentado esth en la carta insertada en la bolsa de la contraportada del libro.
En el disco que se encuentra en la misma contraportada se incluy un cdigo de computadora
para las propiedades del vapor de agua.

TABLA C.l
Presin
Temp.
Fahr.

Vapor de agua saturado: Tabla de temperatura

absoluta

lb/pulgz
P

pulg Hg
32F

32
34
36
38
40
42
44
46
48
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
64
66
68

0.0886
0.0961
0.1041
0.1126
0.1217
0.1315
0.1420
0.1532
0.1652
0.1780
0.1918
0.2063
0.2219
0,2384
0.2561
0.2749
0.2949
0.3162
0.3388

0.1806
0.1957
0.2120
0.2292
0.2478
0.2677
0.2891
0.3119
0.3364
0.3624
0.3905
0.4200
0.4518
0.4854
0.5214
0.5597
0.6004
0.6438
0.6898

642

Volumen espec$co

Entalpa

Liquido
sat.

Evap.

Vapor
sat.

Lquido
sat.

vf

vf8

vg

hf

0.01602
0.01602
0.01602
0.01602
0.01602
0.01602
0.01602
0.01602
0.01602
0.01602
0.01603
0.01603
0.01603
0.01603
0.01603
0.01604
0.01604
0.01604
0.01605

3305.7
3060.4
2836.6
2632.2
2445.1
2271.8
2112.2
1965.5
1829.9
1704.9
1588.4
1482.4
1383.5
1292.7
1208.1
1129.7
1057.1
989.6
927.0

3305.7
0
3060.4
2.01
2836.6
4.03
2632.2 6.04
2445.1 8 . 0 5
2271.8
10.06
2112.2
12.06
1965.5
14.07
1829.9
16.07
1704.9
18.07
1588.4
20.07
1482.4
22.07
1383.5
24.07
1292.7
26.07
1208.1
28.07
1129.7
30.06
1057.1
32.06
989.6
34.06
927.0 36.05

Evap.

Vapor
sat.

hfs

hg

1075.1
1074.9
1072.9
1071.7
1070.5
1069.3
1068.2
1067.1
1065.9
1064.8
1063.6
1062.5
1061.4
1060.2
1059.1
1057.9
1056.8
1055.7
1054.5

1075.1
1076.0
1076.9
1077.7
1078.6
1079.4
1080.3
1081.2
1082.0
1082.9
1083.7
1084.6
1085.5
1086.3
1087.2
1088.0
1088.9
1089.8
1090.6

Apndice C

643

Tablas de vapor de agua

TABLA C.l (cont.)

Presin absoluta

Temp.
Fahr.
t

lb/pulg*

70
72
74
76
78
80
82
84
86
88
90
92
94
96
98
100
102
104
106
108
110
112
114
116
118
120
122
124
126
128
130
132
134
136
138
140
142

0.3628
0.3883
0.4153
0.4440
0.4744
0.5067
0.5409
0.5772
0.6153
0.6555
0.6980
0.7429
0.7902
0.8403
0.8930
0.9487
1.0072
1.0689
1.1338
1.2020
1.274
1.350
1.429
1.512
1.600
1.692
1.788
1.889
1.995
2.105
2.221
2.343
2.470
2.603
2.742
2.887
3.039

Volumen espec@co

PQ Hg

32F

0.7387
0.7906
0.8456
0.9040
0.9659
1.032
1.101
1.175
1.253
1.335
1.421
1.513
1.609

1.711
1.818
1.932
2.051
2.176
2.308
2.447
2.594
2.749
2.909
3.078
3.258
3.445
3.640
3.846
4.062
4.286
4.522
4.770
5.029
5.300
5.583
5.878
6.187

v = volumen especffico,

Lquido
sat.
9
0.01605
0.01606
0.01606
0.01607
0.01607
0.01607
0.01608
0.01608
0.01609
0.01609
0.01610
0.01611
0.01611
0.01612
0.01613
0.01613
0.01614
0.01614
0.01615
0.01616
0.01617
0.01617
0.01618
0.01619
0.01620
0.01620
0.01621
0.01622
0.01623
0.01624
0.01625
0.01626
0.01626
0.01627
0.01628
0.01629
0.01630

Evap.
%

868.9

814.9
764.7
718.0
674.4
633.7
595.8
560.4
527.6
497 .o
468.4
441.7
416.7
393.2
371.3
350.8
331.5
313.5
296.5
280.7
265.7
251.6
238.5
226.2
214.5
203.45
193.16
183.44
174.26
165.70
157.55
149.83
142.59
135.73
129.26
123.16
117.37

ftYlb, h = entalpia, Btu/lb.

Entalpa

Vapor
sat.
vg

868.9

814.9
764.7
718.0
674.4
633.7
595.8
560.4
527.6
497.0
468.4
441.7
416.7
393.2
371.3
350.8
331.5
313.5
296.5
280.7
265.7
251.6
238.5
226.2
214.5
203.47
193.18
183.46
174.28
165.72
157.57
149.85
142.61
135.75
129.28
123.18
117.39

Lquido
sat.

Evap.

Vapor
sat.

hf

hfs

hg

1053.4
1052.3
1051.2
1050.1
1048.9
1047.8
1046.6
1045.5
1044.4
1043.2
1042.1
1040.9
1039.8
1038.7
1037.5
1036.4
1035.2
1034.1
1033.0
1032.0
1030.9
1029.7
1028.6
1027.5
1026.4
1025.3
1024.1
1023.0
1021.8
1020.7
1019.5
1018.3
1017.2
1016.0
1014.9
1013.7
1012.5

1091.5
1092.3
1093.2
1094.1
1094.9
1095.8
1096.6
1097.5
1098.4
1099.2
1100.1
1100.9
1101.8
1102.7
1103.5
1104.4
1105.2
1106.1
1107.0
1107.9
1108.8
1109.6
1110.5
1111.4
1112.3
ll 13.2
ll 14.0
ll 14.9
1115.7
1116.6
1117.4
1118.2
1119.1
1119.9
1120.8
1121.6
1122.4

38.05
40.04
42.04
44.03
46.03
48.02
50.02
52.01
54.01
56.00
58.00
59.99
61.98
63.98
65.98
67.97
69.96
71.96
73.95
75.94
77.94
79.93
81.93
83.92
85.92
87.91
89.91
91.90
93.90
95.90
97.89
99.89
101.89
103.88
105.88
107.88
109.88

644

Tablasdevapordeagua

TABLA C.l (cont)

Presin

Temp.
Fahr.
t

l-

144
146
148
150
152
154
156
158
160
162
164
166
168
170
172
174
176
178
180
182
184
186
188
190
192
194
196
198
200
202
204
206
208
210
212
215
220
225

absoluta

lb/pulg2
P

3.198
3.363
3.536
3.716
3.904
4.100
4.305
4.518
4.739
4.970
5.210
5.460
5.720
5.990
6.272
6.565
6.869
7.184
7.510
7.849
8.201
8.566
8.944
9.336
9.744
10.168
10.605
ll .057
ll .525
12.010
12.512
13.031
13.568
14.123
14.696
45.fwl
17.188
18.915

puk Hg
32F
6.511
6.847
7.199
7.566
7.948
8.348
8.765
9.199
9.649
10.12
10.61
11.12
ll.65
12.20
12.77
13.37
13.99
14.63
15.29
15.98
16.70
17.44
18.21
19.01
19.84
20.70
21.59
22.51
23.46
24.45
25.47
26.53
27.62
28.75
29.92

ApndiceC

/
Volumen especjico

Entalpa

Lquido
sat.
f

Evap.
f

Vapor
sat.
R

0.01631
0.01632
0.01633
0.01634
0.01635
0.01636
0.01637
0.01638
0.01639
0.01640
0.01642
0.01643
0.01644
0.01645
0.01646
0.01647
0.01648
0.01650
0.01651
0.01652
0.01653
0.01654
0.01656
0.01657
0.01658
0.01659
0.01661
0.01662
0.01663
0.01665
0.0 1666
0.0 1667
0.01669
0.01670
0.01672
0.01674
0.01677
0.01681

ll 1.88
106.72
101.82
97.18
92.79
88.62
84.66
80.90
77.37
74.00
70.79
67.76
64.87
62.12
59.50
57.01
56.64
52.39
50.26
48.22
46.28
44.43
42.67
40.99
39.38
37.84
36.38
34.98
33.65
32.37
31.15
29.99
,28.88
27.81
26.81
25.35
23.14
21.15

ll 1.90
106.74
101.84
97.20
92.81
88.64
84.68
80.92
77.39
74.02
70.81
67.78
64.89
62.14
59.52
57.03
54.66
52.41
50.28
48.24
46.30
44.45
42.69
41.01
39.40
37.86
36.40
35.00
33.67
32.39
31.17
30.01
28.90
27.83
26.83
25.37
23.16
21.17

Lquido
sat.
hf
ll 1.88
113.88
115.87
117.87
119.87
121.87
123.87
125.87
127.87
129.88
131.88
133.88
135.88
137.89
139.89
141.89
143.90
145.90
147.91
149.92
151.92
153.93
155.94
157.95
159.95
161.96
163.97
165.98
167.99
170.01
172.02
174.03
176.04
178.06
180.07
186.10
188.14
193.18

Evap.
h fh

Vapor
sat.
hR

011.3 1123.2
010.2 1124.1
009.0 1124.9
007.8 1125.7
006.7 1126.6
005.5 1127.4
1004.4 1128.3
1003.2 1129.1
1002.0 1129.9
1000.8 1130.7
999.7 1131.6
998.5 1132.4
997.3 1133.2
996.1 1134.0
995.0 1134.9
993.8 1135.7
992.6 1136.5
991.4 1137.3
990.2 1138.1
989.0 1138.9
987.8 1139.7
986.6 1140.5
985.3 1141.3
984.1 1142.1
982.8 1142.8
981.5 1143.5
980.3 1144.3
979.0 1145.0
977.8 1145.8
976.6 1146.6
975.3 1147.3
974.1 1148.1
972.8 1148.8
971.5 1149.6
970.3 1150.4
968.3 1151.4
9 6 5 . 2 1153,3
961.9 1155.1

Apndice C

645

Tablas de vapor de agua

TABLA C.l (cm.)

Presin absoluta

Temp:
Fahr.

lb/pulg2

230
235
rc 240
245
250
255
260
265
270
275
280
285
290
295
300
305
310
315
320
q 325
330
335
340
345
350
355
360
365
370
375
380
385
390
395
400
405
410

20.78
22.80
24.97
27.31
29.82
32.53
35.43
38.54
41.85
45.40
49.20
53.25
57.55
62.13
67.01
72.18
77.68
83.50
89.65
96.16
103.03
110.31
117.99
126.10
134.62
143.58
153.01
162.93
173.33
184.23
195.70
207.7 1
220.29
233.47
247.25
261.67
276.72

Volumen especjico

puk I-k
32F

Lquido
sat.

Evap.

vf

vfR

0.01684
0.01688
0.01692
0.01696
0.01700
0.01704
0.01708
0.01713
0.01717
0.01721
0.01726
0.01731
0.01735
0.01740
0.0 1745
0.01750
0.01755
0.01760
0.01765
0.017713
0.01776
0.01782
0.01788
0.01793
0.01799
0.01805
0.01811
0.01817
0.01823
0.01830
0.01836
0.01843
0.01850
0.01857
0.01864
0.01871
0.01878

19.371
17.761
16.307
15.010
13.824
12.735
ll .754
10.861
10.053
9.313
8.634
8.015
7.448
6.93 1
6.454
6.014
5.610
5.239
4.897
4.583
4.292
4.021
3.771
3.539
3.324
3.126
2.940
2.768
2.607
2.458
2.318
2.189
2.064
1.9512
1.8446
1.7445
1.6508

v = volumen especfico, fQ/lb, h = entalpia, Btdlb.

Entalpa

Vapor
sat.
vR

Lquido
sat.

Evap.

Vapor
sat.

hf

hfg

hR

19.388
198.22
17.778
203.28
16.324 208.34
15.027
213.41
13.841
218.48
12.752
223.56
228.65
11.771
233.74
10.878
10.070 238.84
9.330 243.94
8.651
249.06
8.032 254.18
7.465 259.31
6.948 264.45
6.471
269.60
6.032 274.76
5.628 279.92
5.257
285.10
4.9 15 290.29
4.601
295.49
4.310
300.69
4.039 305.91
3.789 311.14
3.557 316.38
3.342 321.64
3.144 326.91
2.958
332.19
2.786 337.48
342.79
2.625
2.476 348.11
2.336 353.45
2.207
358.80
2.083 364.17
1.9698 369.56
1.8632 374.97
1.7632 380.40
1.6696 385.83

958.7
955.3
952.1
948.7
945.3
942.0
938.6
935.3
931.8
928.2
924.6
921.0
917.4
913.7
910.1
906.3
902.6
898.8
895.0
891.1
887.1
883.2
879.2
875.1
871.0
866.8
862.5
858.2
853.8
849.4
844.9
840.4
835.7
831.0
826.2
821.4
816.6

1156.9
1158.6
1160.4
1162.1
1163.8
1165.6
1167.3
1169.0
1170.6
1172.1
1173.7
1175.2
1176.7
1178.2
1179.7
1181.1
1182.5
1183.9
1185.3
1186.6
1187.8
1189.1
1190.3
1191.5
1192.6
1193.7
1194.7
1195.7
1196.6
1197.5
1198.4
1199.2
1199.9
1200.6
1201.2
1201.8
1202.4

Tablas de vapor de agua

646

Aphdice C

TABLA C.l (cono)

Presin absoluta

Temp.
Fahr.
t

Ib/pulg2

415
420
425
430
435
440
445
450
455
460
465
470
475
480
485
490
495
500
505
510
515
520
525
530
535
540
545
550
555
560
565
570
575
580
585
590
595
600

292.44
308.82
325.91
343.71
362.27
381.59
401.70
422.61
444.35
466.97
490.43
514.70
539.90
566.12
593.28
621.44
650.59
680.80
712.19
744.55
777.96
812.68
848.37
885.20
923.45
962.80
1003.6
1045.6
1088.8
1133.4
1179.3
1226.7
1275.7
1326.1
1378.1
1431.5
1486.5
1543.2

puk b
32F

Volumen espectjko

Liquido
sat.

Evap.

Vf

0.01886
0.01894
0.01902
0.01910
0.01918
0.01926
0.01934
0.01943
0.0195
0.0196
0.0197
0.0198
0.0199
0.0200
0.0201
0.0202
0.0203
0.0204
0.0206
0.0207
0.0208
0.0209
0.0210
0.0212
0.0213
0.0214
0.0216
0.0218
0.0219
0.022 1
0.0222
0.0224
0.0226
0.0228
0.0230
0.0232
0.0234
0.0236

1.5630
1.4806
1.403 1
1.3303
1.2617
1.1973
1.1367
1.0796
1.0256
0.9745
0.9262
0.8808
0.8379
0.7972
0.7585
0.7219
0.6872
0.6544
0.6230
0.5932
0.565 1
0.5382
0.5128
0.4885
0.4654
0.4433
0.4222
0.402 1
0.3830
0.3648
0.3472
0.3304
0.3143
0.2989
0.2840
0.2699
0.2563
0.2432

Entalpa

Vapor
sat.
vg

1.5819
1.4995
1.4221
1.3494
1.2809
1.2166
1.1560
1.0990
1.045 1
0.9941
0.9459
0.9006
0.8578
0.8172
0.7786
0.7421
0.7075
0.6748
0.6436
0.6139
0.5859
0.5591
0.5338
0.5097
0.4867
0.4647
0.4438
0.4239
0.4049
0.3869
0.3694
0.3528
0.3369
0.3217
0.3070
0.2931
0.2797
0.2668

Liquido
sat.
hf

391.30
396.78
402.28
407.80
413.35
418.91
424.49
430.11
435.74
441.42
447.10
452.84
458.59
464.37
470.18
476.01
481.90
487.80
493.8
499.8
505.8
511.9
518.0
524.2
530.4
536.6
542.9
549.3
555.7
562.2
568.8
575.4
582.1
588.9
595.7
602.6
609.7
616.8

Evap.

Vapor
sat.

hfs

hg

811.7 1203.0
806.7 1203.5
801.6 1203.9
796.5
1204.3
791.2 1204.6
785.9 1204.8
780.4 1204.9
774.9 1205.0
769.3 1205.0
763.6 1205.0
757.8 1204.9
751.9 1204.7
745.9 1204.5
739.8 1204.2
733.6 1203.8
727.3
1203.3
720.8 1202.7
714.2 1202.0
707.5 1201.3
700.6 1200.4
693.6 1199.4
686.5 1198.4
679.2 1197.2
671.9 1196.1
664.4 1194.8
656.7 1 1 9 3 . 3
648.9 1191.8
640.9 1190.2
632.6 1188.3
624.1
1186.3
615.4 1184.2
606.5 1181.9
597.4 1179.5
588.1 1177.0
578.6 1174.3
568.8 1171.4
558.7 1168.4
548.4 1165.2

ApndiceC

Tablasdevapordeagua

647

TABLA C.l (cont)

Presin absoluta

Temp.
Fahr.
t

lb/pulg2
P

puk Hg
32F

1601.5
605
1661.6
610
615
1723.4
620
1787.0
625
1852.4
630
1919.8
635
1989.0
2060.3
640
2133.5
645
650
2208.8
655
2286.4
660
2366.2
665
2448.0
670
2532.4
675
2619.2
680
2708.4
685
2800.4
2895.0
690
695
2992.7
700
3094.1
705
3199.1
705.34* 3206.2
*Temperatura

Volumen

crtica

Lquido
sat.
vf

0.0239
0.0241
0.0244
0.0247
0.0250
0.0253
0.0256
0.0260
0.0264
0.0268
0.0273
0.0278
0.0283
0.0290
0.0297
0.0305
0.0316
0.0328
0.0345
0.0369
0.0440
0.054 1

especfico

Evap.
vfL7

0.2306
0.2185
0.2068
0.1955
0.1845
0.1740
0.1638
0.1539
0.1441
0.1348
0.1256
0.1167
0.1079
0.099 1
0.0904
0.0810
0.07 16
0.0617
0.05 ll
0.0389
0.0157
0

v = volumen especifico, ft3/lb,

Inc.

Fuente: Combustion Engineeriq,

Entalpa

Vapor
sat.

Lquido
sat.
hf

vg

0.2545
0.2426
0.2312
0.2202
0.2095
0.1993
0.1894
0.1799
0.1705
0.1616
0.1529
0.1445
0.1362
0.1281
0.1201
0.1115
0.1032
0.0945
0.0856
0.0758
0.0597
0.0541

624.1
631.5
638.9
646.5
654.3
662.2
670.4
678.7
687.3
696.0
705.2
714.4
724.5
734.6
745.5
757.2
770.1
784.2
801.3
823.9
870.2
910.3

Evap.
hfs

537.7
526.6
515.3
503.7
491.5
478.8
465.5
452.0
437.6
422.7
407.0
390.5
372.1
353.3
332.8
310.0
284.5
254.9
219.1
171.7
77.6
0

h = entalpfa, BtuAb.

Vapor
sat.
h*

1161.8
1158.1
1154.2
1150.2
1145.8
1141.0
1135.9
1130.7
1124.9
1118.7
1112.2
1104.9
1096.6
1087.9
1078.3
1067.2
1054.6
1039.1
1020.4
996.5
947.8
910.3

Apndice D

PROPIEDADES FSICAS
DE DIVERSAS SUSTANCIAS
ORGNICAS
E INORGNICAS

Fuentes generales de datos para las tablas de propiedades fsicas, capacidades calorficas y propiedades termodinmicas de los apndices D, E y E
1. Kobe, Kenneth A. y asociados, Thermochemistry of Petrochemicals, reimpreso
de Petroleum Refiner, Houston: Gulf Publishing Company, enero de 1949-julio de
1958. (Tablas de entalpa D.2-D., y capacidades calorficas de varios gases de la tabla E. 1 del apndice E.)
2. Lange, N. A., Handbook of Chemistry, 12a. ed., Nueva York, McGraw-Hill, 1979.
3. Maxwell, J. B., Data Book on Hydrocarbons, Nueva York, Van Nostrand Reinhold,
1950.
4. Perry, J. H. y C. H. Chilton, eds., Chemical Engineers Handbook, 5a. ed., Nueva
York, McGraw-Hill, 1973.
5. Rossini, Frederick. D., et al., Selected Values of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties, de National Bureau of Standards Circular 500, Washington, DC, U.S.
Government Printing Office, 1952.
6. Rossini, Frederick. D., et al., Selected Values of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties of Hydrocarbons and Related Compounds, Ameritan Petroleum Institute
Research Project 44,1953 y aos subsecuentes.
7. Weast, Robert C., Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 59a. ed., Boca Raton, FL,
CRC Press, 1979.
648

TABLA D.l Propiedades fsicas de diversas sustancias orgnicas e inorgnicas* (El disco que acompaa a este libro contiene
compuestos adicionales por cortesa del profesor Carl L. Yaws)
Para convertir a kcal/g mol multiplique por 0.2390; para convertir a Btuhb

mol multiplique por 430.2.

AG

Compuesto
Acetaldehfdo
cido actico
Acetona
Acetileno
Aire
Amoniaco
Carbonato de
amonio
Cloruro de
amonio
Nitrato de
amonio
Sulfato de
amonio
Anilina
Benzaldehdo
Benceno
cido benzoico
Alcohol benclico
xido de boro
Bromo
1, 2-butadieno
1, 3-butadieno
Butano
Isobutano

Frmula
CzH40

CH,CHO,
c3Q50
CzH2

Peso
formular

44.05
60.05
58.08
26.04
17.03

Peso especfico Punto de

relativo
fusin
(p.e.r.)
W

0.7831804
1.049
0.791
0.9061(A)
1.00
0 8 1 7-79
0:597(A)

149.5
289.9
178.2
191.7
195.40

a p. eb.

Normal (K)
en el p. eb.

Wk
mol)

12.09
5.69
3.7

293.2
390.4
329.2
191.7

24.4
30.2
17.5

5.653 239.73

NH,CL

53.50

2.537

NH,NO3

80.05

1.72525

442.8

132:14

1.769

786

93.12
106.12
78.11
122.12
108.13
69.64
159.83

1.022
1.046
0.879
1.3 162804
1.045
1.85
3.11920
5.87(A)
0.65220
0.621
0.579
0.557

266.9
247.16
278.693
395.4
257.8
723
265.8

457.4
452.16
9.837 353.26
523.0
478.4
22.0
10.8
331.78

136.7
164.1
134.83
113.56

283.3
268.6
4.661 272.66
4.540 261.43

WH4)2SQ,
C6H7N

C,H,CHO
C6H6
c7%02
C7H80
B23
Br2
c4H,
C4%
n-C4HlO

iso-C4HIo

54.09
54.09
58.12
58.12

23.35

cc
T,
W)

461.0
594.8
508.0
309.5
132.5
405.5

(ak)

57.1
47.0
61.6
37.2
111.3

(cm3/g
mal)

2,

171
213
113

0.200
0.238
0.274

72.5

0.243

(se descompone a 33 1 K)

114.11

(se descompone a 623 K)

*Las fuentes de los datos se enumeran al principio del aphdice D.

= 2OW4C si no se especifica. El p.e.r. de gases es relativo al aire (A).

P.e.r.

A?9 Vap.

Fusin
od/g
nm

5.4

(se descompone a 483.2 K)

(se descompone a 786 K despus de fundirse)
38.40
30.76

699

52.4

562.6

48.6

31.0

584

22.3 1,.
21.29

446
425
425.17
408.1

260

0.274

144

0.306

42.7
221
37.47 255
36.0
263

0.271
0.374
0.283

102

0 T A B L A D . l (coni)
AI-2
Compuesto
Butano
Ftalato de butilo
Acido
n-butrico
cido
isobutirico
Arsenato de
calcio
Carburo de
calcio
Carbonato de
calcio
Cloruro de
calcio
Cianamida de
calcio
Cianuro de
calcio
Hidrxido
de calcio
xido de calcio
Fosfato
de calcio
Silicato de calcio
Sulfato de calcio
(yeso)
Carbono
Di6xido de carbono

Frmula

Peso
formular

56.10
vase Ftalato de dibutilo
n-C4H,0,
88.10
iso-C4Hs0,
88.10
C4%

Peso especfico Punto de

fusin
relativo
(p.e.r.)
6)
0.60
0.958
0.949

398.06
C%CZ

64.10

87.81

Fusin
Wg
mal)
3.848

267
226

2.228

100.09

2.93

CaCl,
CaCl,.H,O
CaC1,.2H,O
CaC1,.6H,O
CaCN,

110.99
129.01
147.03
219.09
80.11

2.15215

21.92

437.1
427.7

<aTk)

r,
(cm3/g
mal)

419.6

39.7

240

0.277

628
609

52.0

290

0.293

304.2

72.9

94

0.275

ZC

1.7817
2.29

2573
(se descompone a 1098 K)
1055

28.4

303.4

37.3

Ca

92.12

Ca(OW2

74.10

2.24

Ca3<~4>2

56.08
310.19

2.62
3.14

2873
1943

CaSiO,
CaSO,-2H20

117.17
172.18

2.915
2.32

1803

12.010
44.01

2.26
3873
46.0
217.@.28m
8.32
1.53(A)
1.229 liq. sat a 5162 kPa

co2

266.91

T,
6)

1723

CaCO,

Ca0

Normal (K)
en el p. eb.

& Vap.
a p. eb.
wg
mal)

(-6 H,O a 473 K)

(-Hz0 a 853 K)
50

3123

48.62
(-1% 50 a 301K)
4473
( s e sublima a 195 K)

Bisulfuro
de carbono
Monxido de
carbono
Tetracloruro de
carbono
Cloro
Clorobenceno
Cloroformo
Cromo
Cobre
Cumeno
Sulfato cprico
Cielohexano
Ciclopentano
Decano
Ftalato de
dibutilo
ter dietlico
Etano
Etanol
Acetato de etilo
Etil benceno
Bromuro de etilo
Cloruro de etilo
341 hexano
Etileno
Etikn glicol
xido frrico
sultiuo f&rico

-2

76.14

co

28.01

CCl,
Cl2

C,H,Cl
CHCl,
Cr
cu
C9H12

cuso4
c6H12
Cd-40
wJ22
CSH2204
G%)zcI
C2H6
C2H60
C4H802
C8H10

CzH5Br
C&CH,Cl
C8Hl8
C2H4
C2H602
Fe2o3
Fe2s3

1.26 1 220/200
2.63(A)
O.%S(A)

161.1

153.84

1.595

250.3

2.5

349.9

70.91
112.56
119.39
52.01
63.54
120.19
159.61
84.16
70.13
142.28
278.34

2.49(A)
1.107
1 .48g20
7.1
8.92
0.862
3.6055
0.779
0.745
0.73020
1.0452

172.16
228
209.5

6.406

239.10
405.26
334.2

74&?
30.07
46.07
88.10
106.16
108.98
64.52
114.22
28.05
62.07
159.70
207.90

--0;7082s~
l.O49(A)
0.789
0.901
0.867
1.460
0.903 0
0.7169
0.975(A)
1.1139
5.12
4.3

68.10

4.39
0.837

319.41
81.66

1356.2
13.0
2855
177.125 7.1
425.56
(se descompone a 873 K)
279.83
2.677
353.90
179.71
0.6088
322.42
243.3
447.0
613
k56.86
89.89
158.6
189.4
178.185
154.1
134.83

7.301.
2.860
5.021
9.163
4.452

103.97
3.351
260
ll.23
1833
(se descompone)

*Las fuentes de los datos se enumeran al principio del apndice D.

P.e.r. = 20C/4T si no se especifica. El p.e.r. de gases es relativo al aire (A).

26.8

552.0

78.0

170

0.293

133.0

34.5

93

0.294

30.0

556.4

45.0

276

0.272

20.4 1
36.5

417.0
632.4
536~0

76.1
44.6
54.0

124
308
240

0.276
0.265
0.294

636

31.0

440

0.260

553.7
511.8
619.0

40.4
44.55
20.8

308
260
602

0.274
0.27
0.2476

35.6
48.2
63.0
37.8
37.0
61.5
52.0
26.4
50.5

281
148
167
286
360
215
199
466
124

0.26,1
0.285
0.248
0.252
0.260
0.320
0.274
0.264
0.270

6.042

305
37.5
30.1
27.30

307:76
- 26.05
467
184.53
14.72
305.4
38.6
351.7
516.3
350.2
523.1
36.0
619.7
409.35
311.4
504
285.43
25
460.4
391.69
34.3
567.0
169.45
13.54
283.1
470.4
56.9
(se descompone a 1833 K)

8
N

TABLA D. 1

(cono)
Al?
Peso
formular

relativo
(p.e.r.)

Punto de
fusin
W)

HCl

87.92
30.03
46.03
92.09
4.00
100.20
86.17
2.016
36.47

4.84
0.8 15-20
1.220
1 .26050
O.l368(A)
0.684
0.659
O.O6948(A)
1.268(A)

1466
154.9
281.46
291.36
3 . 5
182.57
177.84
13.96
158.94

HF

20.01

1.15

238

H2S

34.08

l.l895(A)

187.63

2.38

386.5
1808
1867
600.6
1159
923
987

15
138
5.10
ll.7
9.2
43.1

Peso especfico

Compuesto
Sulfuro ferroso
Formaldehdo
cido frmico
Glicerol
Helio
Heptano
Hexano
Hidrgeno
Cloruro de
hidrgeno
Fluoruro de
hidrgeno
Sulfuro de
hidrgeno
Yodo
Hierro
xido de hierro
Plomo
xido de plomo
Magnesio
Cloruro de
magnesio
Hidrxido de
magnesio
I
Oxido de magnesio
Mercurio
Metano
Metano1
Acetato de metilo

Frmula
FeS
H,CO
cw2
C3H803

He

C7H16
C6H,4
H2

12

Fe
Fe304

Pb
Pb0

Mg
MgCl,

Mis(
Mg0
Hs
CH,
CH,OH
C3H602

253.8
55.85
231.55
207.21
223.21
24.32
95.23
58.34
40.32
200.61
16.04
32.04
74.08

4.9320
7.7
5.2
11.33720
9.5
1.74
2.32525
2.4
3.65
1 3.54620
0.554(A)
0.792
0.933

Fusin
wg
mol)

Normal (K)
en el p. eb.

(se descompone)
253.9
12.7
373.7
18.30
563.2
0.02
4.216
14.03
371.59
13.03
341.90
0.12
20.39
1.99
188.11

tiVap.
a p. eb.
wg
mal)

(K)

(a:m)

cc
(cm3/g
mal)

2.26
27.0
29.9
12.8
81.5

58
426
368
65
87

0.304
0.260
0.264
0.304
0.266

98

0.284

2,

24.5
22.3
0.084
31.69
28.85
0.904
16.15

293
212.82

T,

5.26
540.2
507.9
33.3
324.6
503.2

18.67

373.6

88.9

457.4
826.0
3073
353
(se descompone a 1 8 6 7 K d e s p u s d e fundirse)
2023
180
1745
213
1393
132
1691
137

(se descompone a 623 K)

3173
90.68
175.26
174.3

77.4
0.941
3.17

3873
111.67
337.9
330.3

8.180
35.3

190.7
513.2
506.7

45.8
78.5
46.3

99
118
228

0.290
0.222
0.254

Metilamina
Cloruro de
metilo
Metil etil
cetona
Metil
ciclohexano
Molibdeno
Naftaleno
Nquel
cido ntrico
Nitrobenceno
Nitrgeno
Dixido de
nitrgeno
xido de
nitrgeno (ntrico)
Pentxido de
nitrgeno
Tetrxido de
nitrgeno
Trixido de
nitrgeno

31.06
50.49

0.699 lo
1.785(A)

180.5
175.3

266.3758249

c4fw

72.10

0.805

186.1

352.6

C7Hl4

98.18

0.769

146.58

NO2

95.95
128.16
58.69
63.02
123.11
28.02
46.01

10.2
1.145
8.90200
1.502
1.203
12.5(D)
1.448

353.2
1725
231.56
278.7
63.15
263.86

NO

30.01

Mo
%%
Ni
mo3
C6H502N
N2

N2%

374.10

1.6318

303

320

1.4472

171

276.5

1 .226-s9
1.53O(A)
0.718
0.703

182.1
219.4
216.2

02
w12

iso-C,H,,
VlO

C,H,OH

184.4
423.8
398.7
(se descompone a 459 K )
54.40 0.443
90.19
143.49 8.393
309.23
113.1
300.9
107.96 4.937
303.13
315.66 ll.43
454.56

*Las fuentes de los datos se enumeran al principio del apndice D.

P.e.r. = 2OW4C si no se especifica. El p.e.r. de gases es relativo al aire (A).

0.25 1

13.78

76.02

C2H204

34.32 344

121.39

109.51

1.90
l.l053(A)
0.630*
0.621 19
0.641
1.07125

572.2

2.301

l.O367(A)

N23

C8H18

0.276

126.2
431.0

294.3

CP20

143

5.577
14.73

263.7

n-Octano

73.6
65.8

0.720
7.334

10.47

1 .44820

44.02
128.25
114.22
90.04
32.00
72.15
72.15
70.13
94.11

31.7

429.9
416.1

491.0
3173
359
483.9
77.34
294.46

92

N2O

oxlico
oxgeno
n-Pentano
Isopentano
1 -Penteno
Phenol

108.02

6.751

N24

xido nitroso
n-Nonano

bd0

%
0

CH,N
CH&1

30.30

6.820
25.77

33.5
100.0

90
82

0.291
0.232

180

64.0

58

0.25 1

431.0

99.0

309.5
595
5 9 5 .. .0

71.7
23
22.5

96.3

0.272

154.4
469.8
461.0
474
692.1

49.7
33.3
32.9
39.9
60.5

543

0.250

74
311
308

0.290
0.269
0.268

TABLA D.l (conl.)

AJi
Compuesto
Fenilhidracina
cido fosfrico
Fsforo
(rojo)
Fsforo
(blanco)
Pentxido de
fsforo
Propano
Propeno
cido propinico
Alcohol
n-Proplico
Alcohol
isoproplico
n-Propil benceno
Dixido de silicio
Bisulfato de sodio
Carbonato de sodio
(sal de sosa)
Carbonato de sodio
(cenizas de sosa)
Cloruro de sodio
Cianuro de sodio
Hidrxido de sodio
Nitrato de sodio
Nitrito de sodio
Sulfato de sodio
Sulfuro de sodio
Sulfito de sodio

F6nnula
C6H8N2
H3W4
p4

p205

Peso
formular

Peso especfico Punto de

relativo
fusin
(p.e.r.)
6)
1.09723

Normal (K)

a p. eb.
(kJ/g

en el p. eb.

TC

mol)

51.66
(-$H,O a 486 K)
863
41.84

108.14
98.00
123.90

1.8348
2.20

292.76
315.51
863

16.43
10.5
81.17

123.90

1.82

317.4

2.5

141.95

2.387
1.562(A)
1.498(A)
0.993
0.804

85.47
87.91
252.2
146

60.09

0.785

183.5

SiO,
NaHSO,
Na,CO,.lOH,O

120.19
60.09
120.07
286.15

0.862
2.25
2.742
1.46

173.660
1883
455
306.5

Na2C03

105.99

2.533

1127

NaCl
NaCN
NaOH
NaNO,
NaNO
Na,SO,
Na,S
Na,SO,

58.45
49.01
40.00
85.00
69.00
142.05
78.05
126.05

2.163

1081
28.5
835
16.7
592
8.4
583
15.9
544
1163
24.3
1223
6.7
(se descompone)

gH12

2.130
2.257
2.1680
2.698
1.856
2.63315

553

49.71

231.09
255.46
414.4
370.2

18.77
18.42

cc
(cm?g
(a&

mol)

ZC

(se sublima a 523 K)

44.09
42.08
74.08
60.09
C3H80

Ati vap.

Fusin
wg
mol)

3.524
3.002

355.4
8.54
8.54

432.38
2503
(-HZ0

33.4

38.2

365.1
612.5
536.7

42.0
45.4
53.0
49.95

200
181

0.277
0.274

220

0.25 1

508.8

53.0

219

0.278

638.7

31.3

429

0.257

3699

a 306.5 K)

(se descompone)
1738
171
1770
155
1663
( s e descompone a 653 K)
( s e descompone a 593 K)

Tioslfato
de sodio
Azufre
(rmbico)
Azufre
(monoclnico)
Cloruro de azufre
(mono)
Dixido de azufre
Trixido de azufre
cido sulfrico
Tolueno
Agua
m-Xileno
o-Xileno
p-Xileno
Cinc
Sulfato de cinc

Na2S203

158.11

1.667

s8

256.53

2.07

386

10.0

717.76

84

s8

256.53

1.96

392

14.17

717.76

84

S2CL2

135.05

1.687

193.0

411.2

36.0

so2

64.07
80.07
98.08
92.13
18.016
106.16
106.16
106.16
65.38
161.44

2.264(A)
2.75(A)
1.8348
0.866
1.004
0.864
0.880
0.861
7.140
3.745

197.6a
7.402
263.14
290.0
24.5
316.5
283.51
9.87
178.169
6.619
383.78
273.16
6.009
373.16
225.288
ll.57
412.26
247.978
13.60
417.58
286.423
17.11
411.51
692.7
6.673
1180
(se descompone a 1013 K)

so3
H2s04
C6H,CH3
H2O
C8H10
'gHIO
C8H10

Zn
ZnSO,

*Las fuentes de los datos se enumeran al principio del aphdice D.

P.e.r. = 2OW4C si no se especifica. El p.e.r. de gases es relativo al aire (A).

24.92
41.8
33.5
40.65
34.4
36.8
36.1
114.8

430.7
77.8
122
491.4
83.8
126
(se descompone a 6 13 K)
593.9
40.3
318
647.4
218.3
56
619
34.6
390
631.5
35.7
380
618
33.9
370

0.269
0.262
0.263
0.230
0.27
0.26
0.25

Propiedades

656
TABLA D.2

fsicas

en

sustancias

orgnicas

inorgnicas

Apndice D

Entalpas de hidrocarburos parafnicos, C,-C, (J/g mal)

Para convertir a Btdlb mol multiplique por 0.4306.

K

CI

273
291
298
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
1,100
1,200
1,300
1,400
1,500
1,600
1,800
2,000
2,200
2,500

0
630
879
950
4,740
9,100
14,054
19,585
25,652
32,204
39,204
46,567
54,308
62,383
70,709
79,244
88,03 1
106,064
124,725
143,804
173,050

TABLA D.3

n-C4

c2

C3

912
1,277
1,383
7,305
14,476
22,869
32,342
42,718
53,93 1
65,814
78,408
91,504
105,143
119,202
133,678

1,264
1,771
1,919
10,292
20,685
32,777
46,4 17
61,337
77,404
94,432
112,340
131,042
150,331
170,205
190,581

1,709
2,394
2,592
13,773
27,442
43,362
61,186
80,600
101,378
123,428
146,607
170,707
195,727
221,375
247,650

i-C,

1,658
2,328
2,522
13,623
27,325
43,312
61,220
80,767
101,754
123,971
147,234
171,418
196,480
222,212
248,57 1

CC,

2,125
2,976
3,222
17,108
34,020
53,638
75,604
99,495
125,101
152,213
180,665
210,246
240,872
272,378
304,595

Il-C,

2,545
3,563
3,858
20,463
40,622
64,0 I 1
90,123
1 18,532
148,866
181,041
2 14,764
249,868
286,143
323,465
361,539

Entalpas de otros hidrocarburos (J/g mol)

Para convertir a Btu/lb mol multiplique por 0.4306.

K

Etileno

Propileno

lButeno

Isobuteno

273
291
298
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
1,100
1,200
1,300
1,400
1,500

0
753
1,054
1,125
6,008
11,890
18,648
26,158
34,329
43,053
52,258
61,923
7 1,964
82,341
92,968
103,888

0
1,104
1,548
1,665
8,882
17,572
27,719
39,049
51,379
64,642
78,742
93,470
108,825
124,683
141,000
157,736

0
1,536
2,154
2,313
12,455
24,765
38,911
54,643
71,755
89,997
109,286
129,494
150,456
172,087
194,304
217,065

1,538
2,154
2,322
12,367
24,468
38,425
53,889
70,793
88,826
107,947
123,846
148,866
170,414
188,363
215,183

Acetileno

Benceno

0
769
1,075
1,163
5,899
11,125
16,711
22,556
28,686
35,074
41,635
48,388
55,271
62,342
69,622
76,944

1,381
1,945
2,109
11,878
24,372
39,150
55,840
74,0 15
93,47 I
113,972
135,394
l57,61 I
180,456
203,844
227,777

Apndice D

Propiedades

fsicas

en

sustancias

orgnicas

657

inorgnicas

TABLA D.4 Entalpas del nitrgeno y algunos de sus xidos (J/g mol)
Para convertir a Btdlb mol multiplique por 0.4306.
K

N,

NO

273
291
298
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
1,100
1,200
1,300
1,400
1,500
1,750
2,000
2,250
2,500

0
524
728
786
3,695
6,644
9,627
12,652
15,756
18,961
22,171
25.472
28,819
32,216
35,639
39,145
47,940
56,902
65,981
75,060

0
537
746
801
3,785
6,811
9,895
13,054
16,292
19,597
22,970
26,392
29,861
33,37 1
36,915
40,488
49,505
58,634
67,856
77,127

N2O

NO2

N24

0
681
951
9,660
13,740
18,179
22,919
27,924
33,154
38.60 1
44,258
50,115
56,170
62,425
68,868
75,504

0
658
917
985
4,865
9,070
13,564
18,305
23,242
28,334
33.55 1
38,869
44,266
49.73 1
55,258
60,826

0
1,384
1,937
2,083
10,543
19,915
30,124

TABLA D.5 Entalpas de compuestos de azufre (J/g mol)

Para convertir a Btdlb mol multiplique por 0.4306.

213
291
298
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,m
1,100
1,200
1,300
1,400
1,500
1,600
1,700
1,800
1,900
2,000
2,500
3,000

57;
805
869
4,196
7,652
11,192
14,790
18,426
22,087
25,769
29,463
33,174
36,898
40,630
44.37 1
48,116
51,881
55,605
59,370
63,136
82,006
100,959

705
984
1,064
5,234
9,744
14.5 14
19,501
24,647
29,915
35,275
40,706
46,191
51,714
57,320
62,927
68,533
74,182
79,872
85.520
91,253
119,871
148,657

89;
1,255
1,338
6,861
13,033
19,832
27,154
34,748
42,676
50,835
59,203
67,738
76,399

607
845
909
4,372
7,978
11,752
15,706
19,840
24,145
28,610
33,216
37,953
42,802
47,739
52,802
57,906
63,094
68.324

807
1,125
1,217
5,995
11,108
16,455
2 1,974
27.63 1
33,388
39,220
45,103
51,044
57,027
63.052
69,119
75,186
81,295
87,361

TABLA D.6 Entalpas de gases de combustin* (J/g mal)+

K
273
291
2 9 8
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
l,ooO
1,100
1,200
1,300
1,400
1,500
1,750

2,ooo
2,250
2,500
2,750
3,000
3,500
4,000

N2

02

0
524
728
786
3,695

0
527
732
790
3,752
6,811
9,970
13,225
16,564
19,970
23,434
26,940
30,492
34,078
37,693
41,337
50,555
59,914
69,454
79,119
88,910
98,826
119,034
141,410

6,644
9,627
12,652
15,756
18,961
22,171
25,472
28,819
32,216
35,639
39,145
47,940
56,902
65,98 1
75,060
84,265
93,512
112,131
130,875

Aire
0
523
726
784
3,696
6,660
9,673
12,736
15,878
19,116
22,367
25,698
29,078
32,501
35,953
39,463
48,325
57,320
66,441
75,646
84,935
94,265
113,135
132,172

Tara convertir a cal/g mol multiplique por 0.2390.

*Presin = 1 atm.
FUENTE: Pgina 30 de la referencia de la tabla D.7.

H2

0
516
718
763
3,655
6,589
9,518
12,459
15,413
18,384
21,388
24,426
27,509
30,626
33,789
36,994
45,275
53,680
62,341
71,211
80,290
89,453
108,030
127,528

co
0
525
728
786
3,699
6,652
9,665
12,748
15,899
19,125
22,413
25,760
29,154
32,593
36,070
39,576
48,459
57,488
66,567
75,772
85,018
94,265
112,968
131,796

co2

0
655
912
986
4,903
9,204
13,807
18,656
23,710
28,936
34,308
39,802
45,404
51,090
56,860
62,676
77,445
92,466
107,738
123,176
138,699
154,347
185,895
217,777

H2O

0
603
837
905
4,284
7,752
11,326
15,016
18,823
22,760
26,823
31,011
35,312
39,722
44,237
48,848
60,75 1
73,136
85,855
98,867
112,089
125,520
152,799
180,414

TABLA D.7 Entalpas de gases de combustin* (Btuilb mal)

R
492
500
520
537
600
700
800
900
l,ooo
1,100
1,200
1,300
1,400
1,500
1,600
1,700
1,800
1,900

2,ooo
2,100
2,200
2,300
2,400
2,500

N2

Aire

02

0.0
55.67
194.9
313.2
751.9
1,450
2,150
2,852
3,565
4,285
5,005
5,741
6,495
7,231

8,004
8,774
9,539
10,335
11,127
11,927
12,730
13,540
14,350
15,170

0.0
55.93
195.9
315.1
758.8
1,471
2,194
2,93 1
3,680
4,443
5,219
6,007
6,804
7,612
8,427
9,25 1
10,081
10,918
11,760
12,610
13,460
14,320
15,180
16,040

co

Hz

0.0
55.57
194.6
312.7
751.2
1,450
2,153
2,861
3,579
4,306
5,035
5,780
6,540
7,289
8,068
8,847
9,623
10,425
11,224
12,030
12,840
13,660
14,480
15,300

*Presin = 1 atm.
FUENTE: Pgina 30 de Kobe, K. A. et al., Termochemistry
Publ. Co., HoUston, TX (1958).

0.0
57.74
191.9
308.9
744.4
1,433
2,122
2,825
3,511
4,210
4,917
5,630
6,369
7,069
7.789
8,499
9,219
9,942
10,689
11,615
12,160
12,890
13,650
14,400

co2

0.0
55.68
194.9
313.3
752.4
1,451
2,154
2,863
3,580
4,304
5,038
5,783
6,536
7,299
8,072
8,853
9,643
10,440
11,243
12,050
12,870
13,690
14,520
15,350

H2O

0.0

0.0

68.95
243.1
392.2
963
1,914
2,915
3,961
5,046
6,167
7,320
8,502
9,710
10,942
12,200
13,470
14,760
16,070
17,390
18,730
20,070
21,430
22,800
24,180

64.02
224.2
360.5
867.5
1,679
2,501
3,336
4,184
5,047
5,925
6,819
7,730
8,657
9,602
10,562
11,540
12,530
13,550
14,570
15,610
16,660
17,730
18,810

of Petrochemicals, Reprint No. 44 from the Petroleum Refner,

Gulf

Apndice E

ECUACIONES DE CAPACIDAD
CALORFICA

TABLA E.l

Ecuaciones de capacidad calorfica para compuestos orgnicos e inorgnicos (a bajas presiones)*

Formas:

(1) cp = a + b(T) + c(7)* + d(T)+

(2) Cp = a + b(T) + c(7J-*.
Las unidades de top son J/(g mol)(K o C).
Para convertir a cal/(g mol)(K o C) = Btu/(lb mol)(R o F), multiplique por 0.2390.
Nota: b . lo2 significa que el valor de b se debe multiplicar por 10e2; p. ej., 20.10 x 1O-2 para la acetona.

Compuesto
Acetona
Acetaldehdo
Aire

Frmula
CH,COCH,
C2H2

Peso
mol. Estado Forma T
58.08
26.04
29.0

g
8
g
g

Amoniaco
Sulfato de amonio
Benceno

NH3

(NH&SQq
C6H6

17.03
132.15
78.11

g
C
1
g

Isobutano
n-Butano
Isobuteno
Carburo de calcio
Carbonato de calcio
Hidrxido de calcio
xido de calcio
Carbono
Dixido dc carbono
Monxido de carbono
Tetracloruro de carbono
Cloro
Cobre

Q:-L

+Grafito.

C4HlO
C4HlO
C4H8

CaC
CaCO,
C@W2
Ca0
C
CO,
CO
CCI,
Cl2

cu

Rmbico. Monoclnico.

58.12
58.12
56.10
64.10
100.09
74.10
56.08
12.01
44.01
28.01
153.84
70.91
63.54

8
g
g
C
C
C
C
CT
g
g

1
8
C

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1

C
C
C
K
C
K
K
C
C
C
C
K
K
K
K
K
C
C
K
C
K

Intervalo
de temp.
a
71.96
42.43
28.94
28.09
35.15
215.9
-7.27329
74.06
89.46
92.30
82.88
68.62
82.34
89.5
41.84
11.18
36.11
28.95
12.285
33.60
22.76

b. 102

C 105

20.10
6.053
0.4147
0.1965
2.954

-12.78
-5.033
0.3191
0.4799
0.4421

77.054
32.95
30.13
27.88
25.64
1.19
4.975
2.03
1.095
4.233
0.4110
0.01095
1.367
0.06117

-164.82
-25.20
-18.91
-15.47
-17.27
-8.66 x 100
-12.87 x 10
-4.52 x lOi
-4.891 x 100
-2.887
0.3548
-318.26
-1.607

d. IO9

34.76
18.20
-1.965
-1.965
-6.686
1,897.9
77.57
49.87
34.98
50.50

7.464
-2.220
3,425.2
6.473

(en r)

0-1200
0-1200
0-1500
273-1800
0-1200
275-328
279-350
0-1200
0-1200
0-1200
0-1200
298-720
273-1033
276-373
10273-1173
273-1373
0-1500
0-1500
273-343
0-1200
273-1357

T A B L A EJ (ami.)

Compuesto
Cumeno
(isopropil benceno)
Ciclohexano
Ciclopentano
Etano
Alcohol etflico
Etileno
xido frrico
Formaldehdo
Helio
n-Hexano

Frmula
C9H12

C6H12
C5HlO
c2H6
C2H60

c2H4
Fe2o3

CH,0
He
C6H14

Peso
mol. Estado Forma T
120.19

i?

139.2

84.16
70.13
30.07
46.07

g
g

1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

C
C
C
K
C
C
K
C
C
K
C
C
C
C
C
C
K
K
C
K
K
C
C
C
C

94.140
73.39
49.37
-325.137
61.34
40.75
103.4
34.28
20.8
31.421
137.44
28.84
29.10
29.13
35.3
33.51
72.4
45.44
34.31
19.87
-259.25
42.93
121.3
98.83
110.0

28.05
159.70
30.03
4.00
86.17

::
g
i3
C
g
::
g

Hidrgeno
Bromuro de hidrgeno
Cloruro de hidrgeno
Cianuro de hidrgeno
Sulfuro de hidrgeno
Cloruro de magnesio
xido de magnesio
Metano

HBr
HCl
HCN
H,S
MgCl,
Mg0

CH4

2.016
80.92
36.47
27.03
34.08
95.23
40.32
16.04

Alcohol metlico

CH,OH

32.04

::

H2

g
g
g
g
C
C
i%

M e t i l c i c l o h e x a n o C,H,,
Metil ciclopentano
H12
cido ntrico
I-IN03

98.18
84.16
63.02

g
1

b.

lo2

53.76
49.62
39.28
13.92
0.041379
15.72
ll.47
6.711
4.268
0.97606
40.85
0.00765
-0.0227
-0.1341
2.908
1.547
1.58
0.5008
5.469
5.021
0.03358
8.301
56.53
45.857

C 105
-39.79
-3 1.90
-25.54
-5.816
-1,403.l
-8.749
-6.891
-17.72 x 1OO
0.0000
-235.37
-23.92
0.3288
0.9887
0.9715
1.092
0.3012
-8.732 x 100
0.3661
1.268
-1.1639
-1.87
-37.72
i -30.44

d. lo9

120.5
80.63
68.66
7.280
1.7035 x 104
19.83
17.66
-8.694
3,092.7
57.66
-0.8698
-4.858
-4.335
-3.292

-11.00
-11.00
1.4052 x lO-+
-8.03
100.8
83.81

Intervalo
de temp.
(en r)
0-1200
0-12qo
0-1200
0-1200
25WOO
0-1200
0-1200
273-1097
0-1200
Al1
273-400
0-1200
0-1500
0-1200
0-1200
0-1200
0-1500
273-99 1
273-2073
0-1200
273-1500
273400
0-700
0-1200
0-1200
25

xido ntrico
NO
Nitrgeno
N2
Dixido de nitrgeno
NO2
Tetrxido de nitrgeno N24
bxido nitroso
N2O
Oxgeno
02
n-Pentano
WI2
Propano
Propileno
Carbonato de sodio
Carbonato de sodio
Azufre

C3Hs
C3H6

Na,CO,
Na,CO,
.lOH,O
S

+Grafito.

32.07
98.08
64.07
80.07
92.13

H2O

*Rmbico.

44.09
42.08
105.99
286.15

g
g
g
8
g
i:
8
g
g
C
C

CS
cs

cido sulfrico
Dixido de azufre
Trixido de azufre
Tolueno

Agua

30.01
28.02
46.01
92.02
44.02
32.00
72.15

Monoclnico.

18.016

1
g
1
!z
1
g

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

C
C
C
C
C
K
C
C
C
K
K

29.50
29.00
36.07
75.7
37.66
29.10
33.24
114.8
68.032
59.580
121
535.6

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

K
K
C
C
C
K
C
K
C

15.2
18.5
139.1
38.91
48.50
1.8083
94.18
18.2964
33.46

0.8188
0.2 199
3.97
12.5
4.151
1.158
192.41
34.09
22.59
17.71

2.68
1.84
15.59
3.904
9.188
81.222
38.00
47.212
0.6880

-0.2925
0.5723
-2.88
-11.3
-2.694
-0.6076
-236.87
-18.99
-13.11
-10.17

-3.104
-8.540
-151.27
-27.86
-133.88
0.7604

0.3652
-2.87 1
7.87
10.57
1.311
17,944
42.26
31.71
24.60

8.606
32.40
1,630
80.33
1,314.2
-3.593

0-3500
0-1500
Cl200
0-300
0-1200
0-1500
270-350
0-1200
0-1200
&1200
288-371
298
273-368
368-392
10-45
0-1500
0-1000
270-370
s1200
273-373
0-1500

Apndice F

CALORES DE FORMACIN
Y DE COMBUSTIN
TABLA F.1 Calores de formacin y calores de combustin de compuestos a 25OC*+
Los estados estndar de los productos para &c son CO,(g), H,O(l), N,(g) SO,(g)y HCl(ac). Para
convertir a Btu/lb mol, multiplique por 430.6.
Compuesto

Frmula

cido actico

CHsCOOH

Acetaldehdo
Acetona

CH,CHO
C3H60

Acetileno
Amoniaco

C2H2

Carbonato de amonio

WL,),CO,

Cloruro de amonio
Hidrxido de amonio
Nitrato de amonio

NH&1
NH,OH
NH,NO,

Sulfato de amonio

WH,W,

Benzaldehdo

C,H,CHo

664

NH3

Peso mol. Estado

60.05

1
g
40.052
g
58.08
ac. 200
g
26.04
g
17.032
1
g
96.09
C
ac
53.50
C
ac
35.05
80.05
C
ac
132.15
C
ac
1
106.12
g

AHi
(kJ/g mol)

-486.2
-166.4
-410.03
-216.69
226.75
-67.20
-46.191
-941.86
-315.4
-366.5
-366.1
-339.4
-1179.3
-1173.1
-88.83
-40.0

Ai;.
(kJ/g mal)

-87 1.69
-919.73
-1192.36
-1821.38
-1299.61
-382.58

Apndice F

Calores de formacin y de combustin

665

TABLA F.l (cont.)

Compuesto

Frmula

Peso mol. Estado

Benceno

C6H6

78.11

1
g

xido de boro

B20,

69.64

Bromo

B2

n-Butano

C4HlO

58.12

Isobutano

C4HlO

58.12

C4H8

56.104
398.06
64.10
100.09
110.99
80.11
74.10
56.08
310.19
116.17
136.15

I-Buteno
Arsenato de calcio
Carburo de calcio
Carbonato de calcio
Cloruro de calcio
Cianamida de calcio
Hidrxido de calcio
xido de calcio
Fosfato de calcio
Silicato de calcio
Sulfato de calcio

Ca3(As04),
CaC
CaCO,
CaCI,
CaCN,
WOW,
Ca0
Ca&PO,),
CaSiO,
CaSO,

159.832

1
1
g
1
g
1
g
g
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

ac
Sulfato de calcio (yeso)
Carbono

CaSO,. 2H,O
C

Dixido de carbono

co,

Disulfuro de carbono

cs

Monxido de carbono
Tetracloruro de carbono

co
ca,

Cloroetano

C,H,CI

172.18
12.01

C
C

Grafito (p)
44.01
g
1
76.14
1
g
28.01
g
153.838
1
g
64.52
g

Cumeno (isopropilbenceno) C,H,CH(CH,),

120.19

Sulfato cprico

cuso,

159.61

,c

Ciclohexano
Ciclopentano

C6Hl2

WI0

84.16
70.130

g
1
g

Aif

AL?;.

(kJ/g mal)

(kJ/g mol)

48.66
82.927
-1263
-1245.2
0
30.7
-147.6
-124.73
-158.5
-134.5
1.172
-3330.5
-62.7
-1206.9
-794.9
-352
-986.56
-635.6
-4137.6
-1584
-1432.7
-1450.5
-2021.1
0
-393.5 1
-412.92
87.86
115.3
-110.52
-139.5
-106.69
-105.0
-41.20
3.93
-769.86
-843.12
-75 1.4
-123.1
-105.8
-77.23

-3267.6
-3301.5

-2855.6
-2878.52
-2849.0
-2868.8
-2718.58

-393.5 1

-1075.2

-352.2
-384.9
-1421.1
-5215.44
-5260.59

-3953.0
-3290.9
-3319.5

666

Calores de formacin y de combustin

Apndice F

TABLA F.l (cont.)

Compuesto

Frmula

Etano
Acetato de etilo
Alcohol etlico

C2H6

Etil benceno

C6H5

Cloruro de etilo
Etileno
Cloruro de etileno
3-Etil hexano

C,H,Cl

Cloruro frrico
xido frrico
Sulfuro frrico

FeCl

xido ferrosofrrico
Cloruro frrico
xido ferroso
Sulfuro ferroso
Formaldehdo
n-Heptano

CH,CO,C,H,
C,H,OH
C2H5

C,H,Cl
C8%8

106.16

g
1
1
g
1
g
g
g
g
1
g
C

Fe2o3
L

30.07
88.10
46.068

64.52
28.052
62.50
114.22

c2H4

FeS,

Peso mol. Estado

159.70

c
vea Sulfuro
de hierro

231.55

veu Sulfuroi
de hierro

Fe304

FeCl,
Fe0
FeS
H,CO

C7H16

71.85
87.92
30.026
100.20

H14

86.17

C
C

g
g

n-Hexano
Hidrgeno
Bromuro de hidrgeno
Cloruro de hidrgeno
Cianuro de hidrgeno
Sulfuro de hidrgeno
Sulfuro de hierro
xido de plomo
Cloruro de magnesio
Hidrxido de magnesio
xido de magnesio
Metano
Alcohol metflico
Cloruro de metilo
Metil ciclohexano
Metil ciclopentano

H2

HBr
HCl
HCN
HZS
FeS,
Pb0
MgCl,
MtdW,
MgO
CH4

CH,OH
CH,Cl

2.016
80.924
36.465
27.026
34.082
119.98
223.21
95.23
58.34
40.32
16.041
32.042

C7Hl4

50.49
98.182

C6H12

84.156

g
g
g
4
g
g
C
C
C
C
C
i3

g
g
g
1
f4

AG;

ti;.

(kJ/g mol)

(kJ/g mal)

-84.667
-442.92
-277.63
-235.31
-12.46
29.79
-105
52.283
31.38
-250.5
-210.9
-403.34
-822.156

-1559.9
-2274.48
-1366.91
-1409.25
-4564.87
-4607.13

-1116.7
-342.67
-267
-95.06
-115.89
-224.4
-187.8
-198.8
-167.2
0
-36.23
-92.3 ll
130.54
-20.15
-177.9
-219.2
-641.83
-924.66
-601.83
-74.84
-238.64
-201.25
-8 1.923
-190.2
-154.8
-138.4
-106.7

-1410.99
-1271.5
-5470.12
-5509.78

-303.76

-563.46
-4816.91
-4853.48
-4163.1
-4194.753
-285.84

-562.589

-890.4
-726.55
-763.96
-766.63t
-4565.29
-4600.68
-3937.7
-3969.4

Apndice F

667

Calores de formacin y de combustin

TABLA F.l (cont.)

Compuesto
cido ntrico
xido ntrico
Dixido de nitrgeno
xido nitroso
n-Pentano
cido fosfrico
Fsforo
Pentxido de fsforo
Propano
Propeno
Alcohol n-propflico
n-Propilbenceno
Dixido de silicio
Bicarbonato de sodio
Bisulfato de sodio
Carbonato de sodio
Cloruro de sodio
Cianuro de sodio
Nitrato de sodio
Nitrito de sodio
Sulfato de sodio
Sulfuro de sodio
Sulfito de sodio
Tiosulfato de sodio
Azufre

Cloruro de azufre
Dixido de azufre
Trixido de azufre
cido sulfrico
Tolueno

Frmula
HNO,

ti;
(kJ/g mol)

Peso mol. Estado

1
-173.23
ac
-206.57
NO
30.01
g
90.374
NO2
46.01
g
33.85
N2O
44.02
g
81.55
-173.1
Cd-G2
72.15
1
-146.4
g
-1281
H3PO4
98.00
c
ac (1 H-O) -1278
P4
123.90
C
0
p20,
141.95
C
-1506
C3H8
44.09
1
-119.84
-103.85
g
C3H6
42.078
20.41
g
C3H80
60.09
-255
g
1
-38.40
C,H, . CH, . C,H, 120.19
7.824
8
SiO,
60.09
c
-85 1 .O
NaHCO,
84.01
C
-945.6
NaHSO,
120.07
C
-1126
Na,C03
105.99
C
-1130
NaCl
58.45
C
-411.00
NaCN
49.01
C
-89.79
NaNO,
85.00
C
-466.68
-359
NaNO,
69.00
C
-1384.5
Na,SO,
142.05
C
-373
Na,S
78.05
C
126.05
C
-1090
Na,SO,
158.11
C
-1117
Na2S203
S
32.07
C
0
(rmbico)
C
0.297
(monoclnico)
135.05
1
-60.3
64.066
g
-296.90
80.066
g
-395.18
98.08
1
-811.32
ac
-907.5 1
92.13
1
11.99
g
50.000

AI?,
(kJ/g mol)

63.02

-3509.5
-3536.15

-2204.0
-2220.0
-2058.47
-2068.6
-5218.2
-5264.5

-3909.9
-3947.9

668

Calores de formacin y de combustin

Apndice F

TABLA F.l (cont.)

Compuesto

Frmula

Peso mol. Estado

Agua

H2O

18.016

m-Xileno

C,H,KH,),

106.16

o-Xileno

GjH,(CH,),

106.16

1
g
1
g
1
R

p-Xileno

C,H,W,),

106.16

Sulfato de cinc

ZnSO,

161.45

1
g
c
ac

Al?;

tio,

(kJ/g mol)

(kJ/g mol)

-285.840
-241.826
-25.42
17.24
-24.44
19.00
-24.43
17.95
-978.55
-1059.93

-4551.86
-4594.53
-4552.86
-4596.29
-4552.86
-4595.25

*Las fuentes de los datos se dan al principio del apndice D, referencias 1,4 y 5.
tEstado estndar HCl(g).

Apndice G

PRESIONES DE VAPOR

TABLA G.l

Presiones de vapor de diversas sustancias

Ecuacin de Antoine:
ln(p*)=A-

B
C+T

donde p* = presin de vapor, mm Hg

T = temperatura, K
A, B, C = constantes
Nombre
cido actico
Acetona
Amoniaco
Benceno
Disulfuro de carbono
Tetracloruro de carbono
Cloroformo
Ciclohexano
Acetato de etilo
Alcohol etlico
Bromuro de etilo
n-Heptano
a-Hexano
Alcohol metlico
n-Pentano
Dixido de azufre
Tolueno
Agua

Frmula
C2H402
C3H60
NH3
C6H6
-2
CC14

CHCl,
C6H12

C4H802

C,H,O
C,H,Br
C7H16
C6H14

CH,0
w12

so2
C6H5CH3
H2O

Intervalo
290430
241-350
179-261
280-377
288-342
253-374
260-370
280-380
260-385
270-369
226-333
270-400
245-370
257-364
220-330
195-280
280410
28U41

(K)

A
16.8080
16.6513
16.948 1
15.9008
15.9844
15.8742
15.9732
15.7527
16.1516
18.5242
15.9338
15.8737
15.8366
18.5875
15.8333
16.7680
16.0137
18.3036

3405.57
2940.46
2132.50
2788.5 1
2690.85
2808.19
2696.79
2766.63
2790.50
3578.91
2511.68
2911.32
2697.55
3626.55
2477.07
2302.35
3096.52
3816.44

-56.34
-35.93
-32.98
-52.36
-31.62
-45.99
-46.16
-50.50
-57.15
-50.50
-41.44
-56.5 1
-48.78
-34.29
-39.94
-35.97
-53.67
-46.13

R. C. Reid, J. M. Prausnitz y T. K. Sherwood, The Properties of Gases and Liquids, 3a. ed.,
apndice A. Nueva York, McGraw-Hill, 1977.
FUENTE:

669

Apndice H
CALORES DE DISOLUCIN
Y DE DILUCIN
TABLA H.l

Calores integrales de disolucin y de dilucin a 25OC

-Al+;

Fhnula

Descripcin

NaOH

cristalino II
en 3 Hz0
4 H,O
5 H,O
10 H,O
20 H,O
30 H,O
40 H,O
50 H,O
100 H,O
200 H,O
300 H,O
500 H,O
1,000 H,O
2,000 H,O
10,000 H,O
50,000 H,O
- H,O

H2S04

FUENTE:

F. D. Fbssini

of Standards
670

en 0.5 H20
1 .O H,O
1.5 H,O
2 H,O
3 H,O
4 H,O
5 H,O
10 H,O
25 H,O
50 H,O
100 H20
500 H,O
1,000 H,O
10,000 H,O
100,000 H,O
500,000 H,O
- H,O

Estado
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
rq
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac
ac

(kJ/g mol)
426.126
455.612
461.156
464.486
469.221
469.591
469.457
469.340
469.252
469.059
469.026
469.047
469.097
469.189
469.285
469.448
469.528
469.595
811.319
827.05 1
839.394
848.222
853.243
860.3 14
865.376
869.351
878.347
883.618
884.664
885.292
888.054
889.894
898.388
904.957
906.630
907.509

4,

(kJ/g mol)

-0
-Ahi,

(kJ/g md)

28.869
34.434
37.739
42.509
42.844
42.718
42.593
42.509
42.342
42.258
42.300
42.383
42.467
42.551
42.718
42.802
42.886

28.869
5.564
3.305
4.769
.334
.125
.125
.083
.167
.083
.041
.083
.083
.083
.041
.083
.083

15.731
28.074
36.902
41.923
48.994
54.057
58.032
67.027
72.299
73.345
73.973
76.734
78.575
87.069
93.637
95.311
96.190

15.731
12.343
8.823
5.021
7.071
5.063
3.975
8.995
5.272
1.O46
0.628
2.761
1.841
2.636
6.568
1.674
0.879

et al., Selected Values of Chem. Thermo. Properties, National

Bureau
500, Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1952.

C~FCUZ~F

Apndice I

DATOS DE ENTALPACONCENTRACIN x
TABLA 1.1 Datos de entalpa-concentracin para la regin lquida de una sola
fase y tambin el vapor saturado del sistema cido actico agua a 1 atmsfera

Estado de referencia: Agua lquida a 32F y 1 atm; cido actico slido a 32F y 1 atm.
Lquido o vapor
Fraccin
molar
del agua
0.00

0.05
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.55
0.60
0.65
0.70
0.75
0.80
0.85
0.90
0.95
1.00

FUMTE:

Entalpla-Bto/lb de disolucin lquida

Entalpfa

Lquido
SltU-

20C

40C

60C

80C

100C

rado

68F

104F

140F

176F

212F

93.54
93.96
93.82
92.61
90.60
87.84
83.96
81.48
78.53
75.36
71.72
67.59
62.88
57.44
51.03
43.74
36.06

111.4
112.2
112.3
III.9
110.7
108.9
106.3
104.5
102.5
100.2
97.71
94.73
91.43
87.56
83.02
77.65
71.91

129.9
130.9
131.5
131.7
131.3
130.6
129.1
128.1
126.9
125.5
123.9
122.2
120.2
117.8
115.1
III.7
107.7

149.1
150.4
151.3
152.2
152.6
152.6
152.7
152.5
152.1
151.6
151.1
149.9
149.7
148.9
147.8
146.4
143.9

169.0
170.6
172.0
173.8
175.0
176.1
177.1
177.5
178.0
178.3
178.8
179.3
179.9
180.5
180.8
181.2
180.1

0.0

0.01555
0.03225
0.0698
0.1140
0.1667
0.231
0.268
0.3105
0.358
0.412
0.474
0.545
0.630
0.730
0.851
1.00

Lquido
satu-

rado
187.5
186.9
186.5
185.2
183.8
182.9
182.4
182.3
182.0
181.9
181.7
182.1
181.6
181.6
181.7
181.5
180.1

del vapor

saturado
Bhulb
361.8
374.6
395.3
423.7
461.4
510.5
573.4
656.0
767.3
921.6

1150.4

Datos calculados de diversas fuentes de la literatura y suavizados

TABLA 1.2 Datos de equilibrio vapor-liquido

para el sistema cido actico-agua; presin = 1
atmsfera
x
Fraccin molar del agua
en el Uquido

Y
Fraccih molar del agua
en el vapor

0.020
0.040
0.060
0.080
0.100
0.200
0.3Ol-J
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700

0.035
0.069
0.103
0.135
0.165
0.303
0.425
0.531
0.627
0.715
0.796

0.800
0.900

0.865

0.940
0.980
FUENTE:

Datos de L W. Comell y R. E. Montonna.

0.929
0.957
0.985

Inri. Eng. Ckem., 25 (1933):

1331-1335.

671

Datos

672

0.20

0.30
FraccM

0.40

0.50

de

0.60

entalpa-concentracin

0.70

0.80

0.90

de masa del etand en mezclas etand-agua

Diagrama de entalpa-composicin para el sistema

etanol-agua que muestra las fases de lquido y vapor en
equilibrio a 1 atm.
Figura 1.1

1.00

Apndice I

Apndice I

Datos

de

entalpa-concentracin

673

674

Datos

de

entalpa-concentracin

I I I 1 / I\\\\\a

aJ

PC

In

a3r

Apndice I

Datos

Apndice I

de

entalpa-concentracin

n,r,r:

I
Fase sl%da

n,rnr

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

NaOH, % en peso

Figura 1.3 Diagrama de entalpa-concentraci6n

para hidrxido de sodio-agua.

676

Datos

de

entalpa-concentracin

Apndice I

16

12

- 4

20

40

60

80

100

Porcentaje de H2S0,

Figura 1.4 Diagrama de entalpa-concentracih del sistema cido

sulfrico-agua relativo a los componentes puros. (Agua y H,SO, a 32F y

su propia presin de vapor.) (Datos de InternationaZ Critica1 Tables, 0
1943 0. A. Hougen y K. M. Watson.)

a
cn
0
0

676