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Electromagnetism

Electricity vs Magnetism
By late 1800s people were noticing similarities
between electricity and magnetism
Both have two versions (+ve/-ve and N/S)
Both exert forces depending on which
versions involved (repel/attract)
The forces diminish with distance
Hans Oersted
Accidental discovery of a
relationship between
electricity and magnetism
Moving electric current creates a magnetic field
A single wire produces a weak field
Coiling the wire increases this.
Adding a metal bar in the middle increases it
even more!
Discovered
electromagnetic
induction
Just as an electric
current creates a
magnetic field, a
magnetic field can
create an electric
current
Michael Faraday - 1831
Electromagnetic
Induction
Moving a magnet near a wire creates an
electric current in the wire.
This effect is increased if the wire is coiled.
It is increased further if the magnet moves
inside the coil
Effect is also increased if magnet is moved
faster
Transformers
Transformers are used to change an electric
currents voltage
This makes electricity much easier to use
Less coils
here
means
lower
voltage

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