• Northwest Method
• Intuitive Method
• Vogel Approximation Method
Evaluating Solutions
5 9 3
1 100
Factory
4 2 6
2 100
200
Demand 80 90 30
200
OBJ. FUNCTION : Minimize C = 5X1 + 9X2 + 3X3 + 4X4 + 2X5 + 6X6
A B C
5 9 3
Constraints :
1 100
X1 X2 X3 X1 +X2 + X3 = 100
X4 +X5 + X6 = 100
4 2 6
2 100 X1 +X4 = 80
X4 X5 X6
X2 + X5 = 90
200 X3 +X6 = 30
80 90 30
200 Conditions :
X1 , X 2 , X3 , X4 , X 5 , X 6 = > 0
Northwest corner rule
• Allocate the available supply to the cells starting
from the northwest corner (Upper left) and moving
down vertically or horizontally, satisfying the demand.
• Observed that the number of cells used must be equal
to the number of rows + the number of columns – one.
• Compute for the cost of transportation summing up the
products of the cost of transport and amount to be
transported to the destination.
• Proceed to check for areas of improvement using any of
the methods stated in the next number.
Northwest Method N
W E
A B C
S
5 9 3
20
1 80 100
4 2 6
2 100
200
80 90 30
200
Northwest Method
A B C
5 9 3
20
1 80 20 100
4 2 6
2 100
200
80 90 30
200
Northwest Method
A B C
5 9 3
20
1 80 20 100
4 2 6
30
2 100
70
200
80 90 30
200
Northwest Method
A B C
5 9 3
20
1 80 20 100
4 2 6
30
2 100
70 30
200
80 90 30
200
1 - +
100 2A
80 20
+ -
Factory 2A +4 1A -5
4 2 6
1B +3 2C -2
2 70 30 100 ____ ____
+ - +7 -7
+6
200
80 90 30
200
Stepping Stone Method
A B C
5 9 3
- + 1C
1 80 20 100 + -
1C +3 2C -6
4 2 6
2B +2
____ 1B ____
-9
2 70 30 100 +5 -15
+ -
-10
200
80 90 30
200
Stepping Stone Method
A B C
5 9 3
1 100
80 20
4 2 6
2 90 10 100
-
200
80 90 30
200
4 2 6 1B +9 1C -3
100 2C +6 2B -2
2 90 10 ____ ____
+15 -5
- +
+10
200
80 90 30
200
Stepping Stone Method
A B C
5 9 3
- +
1 100 2A
80 20
+ -
4 2 6 2A +4 1A -5
100 1C +2 2C ____
-6
2 90 10 ____
+5 -11
+ -
-4
200
80 90 30
200
Stepping Stone Method
A B C
5 9 3
- +
1 100 2A
80 20
+ -
4 2 6 2A +4 1A -5
100 1C +2 2C ____
-6
2 90 10 ____
+5 -11
+ -
-4
200
80 90 30
200
Stepping Stone Method
A B C
5 9 3
1 100
70 30
4 2 6
2 10 90 100
200
80 90 30
200
Stepping Stone Method
A B C
5 9 3
- +
1 100 1B
70 30
+ -
4 2 6 1B +9 1A -5
100 2A +4 2B ____
-2
2 10 90 ____
+ - +13 -7
+6
200
80 90 30
200
Stepping Stone Method
A B C
5 9 3
+ -
1 100 2C
70 30
+ -
4 2 6 1A +5 1C -3
100 2A +6 2B ____
-4
2 10 90 ____
- +11 -7
+
+4
200
80 90 30
200
Stepping Stone Method
A B C
5 9 3
1 100
70 30
4 2 6
2 10 90 100
200
80 90 30
200
A B C
5 9 3
1 100
4 2 6
2 100
200
80 90 30
200
Intuitive Method
A B C
5 9 3
1 100
4 2 6
10
2 100
90
200
80 90 30
200
Intuitive Method
A B C
5 9 3
70
1 30 100
4 2 6
10
2 100
90
200
80 90 30
200
Intuitive Method
A B C
5 9 3
70
1 30 100
4 2 6
10
2 100
10 90
200
80 90 30
200
Intuitive Method
A B C
5 9 3
70
1 70 30 100
4 2 6
10
2 100
10 90
200
80 90 30
200
5 3 3
A B C
Index
5 9 3
0 1 70 30 100
4 2 6
-1 2 100
10 90
200
80 90 30
200
A B C
Index
5 9 3
0 1 70 30 100
1B: 9 - ( 0 + 3 ) = + 6
4 2 6
200
80 90 30
200
SOLUTION IS OPTIMAL
VAM - Vogel Approximation Method
A B C
9 8 5
W 25
6 8 4
X 35
7 6 9
Y 40
100
30 25 45
100
VAM - Vogel Approximation Method
A B C
9 8 5
W 25 25
6 8 4
X 35
7 6 9
Y 40
100
30 25 45 100
Row W 8 5 3 Largest
Row X 6 4 2
Row Y 7 6 1
Column A 7 6 1
Column B 8 6 2
Column C 5 4 1
VAM - Vogel Approximation Method
A B C
9 8 5
W 25 25
6 8 4
X 20 35
7 6 9
Y 40
100
30 25 45 100
Row X 6 4 2
Row Y 7 6 1
Column A 7 6 1
Column B 8 6 2
Column C 9 4 5 Largest
VAM - Vogel Approximation Method
A B C
9 8 5
W 25 25
6 8 4
X 20 35
7 6 9
Y 25 40
100
30 25 45 100
Row X 8 6 2 Largest
Row Y 7 6 1
Column A 7 6 1
Column B 8 6 2 Largest
VAM - Vogel Approximation Method
A B C
9 8 5
W 25 25
6 8 4
X 15 20 35
7 6 9
Y 15 25 40
100
30 25 45 100
Thank You!
7 6 5
A B C
9 8 5
0 W 25 25
6 8 4
-1
X 15 20 35
7 6 9
0 Y 15 25 40
100
30 25 45 100
WA: 9 - ( 0 + 7 ) = + 2 XB: 8 - ( -1 + 6 ) = + 3
WB: 8 - ( 0 + 6 ) = + 2 YC: 9 - ( 0 + 5 ) = + 4
100
30 25 45 100
A B C
+ 9 8 5
W 25 25
6 8 4
X 15 20 35
+
7 6 9
Y 15 25 40
100
30 25 45 100
A B C
9 8 5
W 25 25
6 8 4
X 15 + 20 35
7 6 9
Y 15 25 40
+
100
30 25 45 100
A B C
9 8 5
W 25 25
6 8 4
+
X 15 20 35
7 6 9
Y 15 25 40
+
100
30 25 45 100
A B C
9 + 8 5
W 25 25
6 8 4
X 15 20 35
+
7 6 9
Y 15 25 40
+
100
30 25 45 100