Aarti Walia

ISM-7

"Osteoporosis Causes: Lack of Calcium and Exercise, Smoking, and More." WebMD.
WebMD, n.d. Web. 05 Nov. 2014.
<http://www.webmd.com/osteoporosis/guide/strong-bones>.

Little excercise, low calcium diet, and smoking increases the risk of osteoporosis
Since childhood the bones go through remodeling, in which the body makes
more bone than it removes
2 million men over the age of 65 have osteoporosis
55% of people over the age of 50 are at a high risk of developing osteoporosis
During the first 5-10 years after menopause, women lose about an average of
2.5% yearly, which can amount to 25% during that time.
About half of the women over the age of 50 will break their bones due to
osteoporosis
1 out of 4 men over the age of 50 will break their bones due to osteoporosis
Weight-bearing exercises stimulate the cells that make new bone.
By increasing weight-bearing exercises, you encourage your body to form more
bone. This can delay the destructive process of osteoporosis that results in
harmful fractures.
By adding strength training to everyday exercise routine one can improve their
muscle strength and flexibility and reduce the chance of falling.
Two types of osteoporosis in children, secondary juvenile osteoporosis and
idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis
Secondary juvenile osteoporosis in children is a result of another disease
disease for example rheumatoid arthritis may lower childrens expected bone
mass, especially near arthritic joints.
Some drugs can also lead to juvenile osteoporosis like chemotherapy,
anticonvulsants for seizures, or steroids for arthritis.
Idiopathic juvenile osteoporosis usually doesn't have a cause. Idiopathic juvenile
osteoporosis is rare. Usually develops before puberty. Although bone density
may return during puberty, children with this type may have lower peak bone
mass as adults.
Children build about 90% of bone mass by the time they are 18 to 20. Losing
bone mass during bone-building years can put children at risk for long-term
complications such as fractures.

I really appreciated this source because it provided me with in depth information

regarding osteoporosis in children which had never really searched up before; this
source also gave me valuable statistics and really allows the viewers of this website an
in depth summary of the disease.

Aarti Walia
ISM-7

"Osteoporosis Treatment." Spine-health. N.p., n.d. Web. 05 Nov. 2014.

<http://www.spine-health.com/conditions/osteoporosis/osteoporosis-treatment>.

Osteoporosis medications that reduce bone resorption

Bisphosphonates
Calcitonin
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators, e.g., Raloxifene
Estrogen/hormone therapy
Teriparatide, a parathyroid hormone increases bone formation:
Alendronate is more expensive than estrogen, but its ability to
prevent fractures is similar to estrogen.
The use of Alendronate causes a shift towards bone formation by
inhibiting bone resorption and has been shown to increase bone
mass.
Taken orally, bisphosphonates work slow the rate of bone thinning,
preventing the development of osteoporosis and reducing the risk of
fracture
Boniva reduces bone loss, increases bone density and reduces the
risk of spine fractures.
Long-term use of prednisone or cortisone causes glucocorticoidinduced osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is a condition that is preventable and treatable (if
caught in time).
Due to the fact that there isnt much awareness to treat and prevent
the disease people especially, women over the age of 50, suffer
significant illness, deformity and sometimes death from this condition.
Osteoporosis does not cause back pain. But, osteoporosis can
weaken the spine so that it can no longer handle normal stress or a
minor trauma like a fall, causing a fracture.
A fracture is usually the first outward sign of osteoporosis
This source was very in depth about osteoporosis medications, it
summarized different kinds but I wish there were side effects given.

Aarti Walia
ISM-7
"Diet and Treatment Tips for Osteoporosis." Www.joybauer.com. N.p., n.d.
Web. 05 Nov. 2014. <http://www.joybauer.com/osteoporosis.aspx>.

 After genetic predisposition, poor nutrition is the common cause

of osteoporosis
Yogurt (fat-free, low-fat), milk (fat-free, 1% reduced-fat), soy
milk, tofu with calcium (check nutrition label), soybeans
(edamame), frozen yogurt (fat-free, low-fat), low-fat ice cream,
bok choy, white beans, kale, collard greens, broccoli, almonds
and almond butter are the best foods for calcium rich diet.
Calcium needs vitamin D. Vitamin D allows calcium to move
from the gastrointestinal tract to the parts of the body like the
bones.
Without enough vitamin D, a childs bones can become so
weak that they bow under the bodys own weight, a disease
called rickets.
In adults, lack of vitamin D means that the body borrows
calcium from bones to feed the rest of the bodys needs which
eventually causes osteoporosis.
Vitamin D can be made in the body through a reaction of the
skin and sunlight. Just ten to 15 minutes of sun on the bare skin
of the arms three or four times a week is enough to keep most
of us healthy. Of course, too much sunlight causes skin
damage and premature aging, and may lead to skin cancer.
Vitamin D supplements are an easier way to gain all the
Vitamin D one can need.
Magnesium also helps from preventing osteoporosis
good sources for Vitamin D are wild salmon, mackerel (not
king), sardines, herring, fortified milk (fat-free, 1% reduced-fat),
soy milk, fortified nonfat or low-fat yogurt, egg yolks, UV-treated
mushrooms.
This source was valuable because it provided me with information
that helped prevent osteoporosis with food instead of medications.