B. TECH.

SEM III (MECHANICAL), ADVANCED STRENGTH OF MATERIALS (2012-13)

SUBJECT
CLASS
SEMESTER
BRANCH
W.E.F.

:
:
:
:
:

ADVANCED STRENGTH OF MATERIALS (MH301)

B.TECH. II
III (ODD/FIRST TERM OF THE YEAR)
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
2011-12

Teaching Scheme (Hours/Week)

Lectures

Tutorial

Practical

4
5
6

Theory
(3 hrs)
60

Examination Scheme (Marks)

Sessional
Practical
T.W.
(1 hr)
40
25
25

STRESSES IN THREE DIMENSIONS:

Concept of Continuum, Homogeneity and Isotropy, Types of forces on a body, State of
stress at a point, Equality of cross shear, Cauchy formula, principal stresses and planes,
Stress invariants, Hydrostatic and deviatoric stress tensor, Mohrs circle for general
state of stress, stress transformations, Octahedral stresses, Differential equation of
equilibrium
STRAINS IN THREE DIMENSIONS:
Types of strain, Strain displacement relationship, Shear strain, Rigid body rotation,
Principle strain and axes, Strain deviator and invariants, Compatibility conditions,
Concept of Plane stress and strain, Stress strain relationship
THEORIES OF ELASTIC FAILURE:
Concept of factor of safety, Maximum principal stress theory, maximum shear stress
theory, maximum principal strain theory, Maximum strain energy theory, maximum
shear strain energy theory
BUCKLING OF COLUMN: Concept of buckling and stability, differential equations of
compression member with different boundary conditions, eccentrically loaded columns,
secant formula, column with initial imperfections, Rankine formula
STRESSES DUE TO ROTATION:
Rotating ring, rotating thin disc, rotating thin solid and hollow disc, disc of uniform
strength, rotating long solid and hollow cylinders
BENDING OF CURVED BARS:
Introduction, Stresses in curved bars (Winkler-Bach theory) (Rectangular section,
Circular section, Triangular section, Trapezoidal section, T-Section), Stresses in crane
hooks
TORSION OF NON-CIRCULAR MEMBERS:
St. Venants theory, approximate solution of rectangular and elliptical sections, rigorous
solution, stress function approach, membrane analogy, torsion of thin hollow sections,
Torsional of thin and open sections
BENDING OF THIN PLATES:
Assumptions of plate theory, governing differential equations for deflection of plates,
boundary conditions, solutions for rectangular plate

Term work / practical shall be based on the above syllabus.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Advanced Mechanics of Solids L. S. Srinath, Tata McGraw Hill

2. Strength of Materials R. K. Rajput, S. Chand & Co. Ltd.

3. Strength of Materials D. S. Bedi, Khanna book publishing co. Pvt ltd.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Solid Mechanics S. M. A. Kazimi, Tata McGraw Hill
2. Theory of Plates S. Chandrashekhara, Universities Press

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad

Page 1 of 12

Total
150

B. TECH. SEM III (MECHANICAL), ADVANCED STRENGTH OF MATERIALS (2012-13)

ASSIGNMENT NO. 1
(1) The stress at a point is given by following stress tensor. Draw traction forces on the sections cut by
positive and negative x, y and z planes.

-2 -5 3
0 2
3 2 1

-5

(2) The stress at a point is given by following stress tensor. Draw traction forces on the sections cut by
positive and negative x, y and z planes.

-2
0

-2 0
6 8
8 9

(3) The stress tensor at a point in a body has the following components:

10 4 -15
4 0 -5
-15 -5 11

Find;
(a) the resulting stress T
(b) the components of T which is normal and along the plane which is equally inclined to all the three
axes
(4) The components of stress tensor at a point are known as

100 100 100

100 -50 100 106 Pa
100 100 -50

What will be the normal and shear stress components on a plane that is equally inclined to all the
three axes?
(5) The components of stress tensor at a point are known as

1.5
0
9

1.5 -5 -2.8 106 Pa

0 -2.8
0

What will be the normal and shear stress components in the direction N with l=0.5, m=0.33 and
n=0.8
(6) The components of stress tensor at a point are known as

4 8 -3
8 5 0 106 Pa
-3 0 6

What will be the normal and shear stress components on the plane whose normal is in the direction
with l=0.866, m=0.3 and n=0.4
(7) Given the components of stress tensor at a point,

50 20 10
20 100 60 106 Pa
10 60 50

What are the normal and shear stress components in the direction with l=0.6, m=0.8 & n=0
(8) The state of stress a point for reference xyz and xyz are given as ij and ns respectively. Check
whether the invariants of stress tensor I1, I2 and I3 really remain unchanged.

0
200 100 0
136.6 -136.6

ij 100 0
0 , ns -136.6 63.4
0

0
0
0 500
0
500

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad

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B. TECH. SEM III (MECHANICAL), ADVANCED STRENGTH OF MATERIALS (2012-13)

(9) The state of stress at a point for a given reference xyz, ij is given below. If a new set of axes xyz is
formed by rotating xyz through 600 about z-axis in anti-clockwise direction,

200 100 0
100 0
0

0
0 500

a) Find the stress tensor for a set of coordinate axes x,yz

b) Find the invariants of stress tensor in both the reference axes and compare them
c) Find the hydrostatic and deviatoric stress tensor in both the axes.
(10) The stress at a point with reference to X = (x,y,z) are

20 30
0
30 0 60

20 50

(a) Find the stress tensor for a set of coordinate axes X = (x,y,z) rotated 300 about the x-axis
anticlockwise
(b) Find the invariants of stress tensor in both the reference axes and compare them
(c) Find the hydrostatic and deviatoric stress tensor in both the axes.
(11) The stress at a point with reference to X = (x,y,z) are

0
0
300

0 133.3 67.67
0 67.67 133.33

(a) Find the stress tensor for a set of coordinate axes X = (x,y,z) rotated 300 about the x-axis
anticlockwise
(b) Find the invariants of stress tensor in both the reference axes and compare them
(c) Find the hydrostatic and deviatoric stress tensor in both the axes.
(12) Given the following state of stress find the principle stresses and the principal axes.

100 50 150
0
0
150 0
0

50

(13) Given the following state of stress at a point, what are the principle stresses and the principal planes?

10 0 0
0 5 5
0 5 5
(14) Given the following state of stress at a point, find the principle stresses and the principal axes.

5 5 5

5 5 5
5 5 5

(15) Given the following state of stress at a point, find the principle stresses and their axes.

18 0 24
j 0 -50 0

24 0 32
(16) Given the following state of stress at a point, find the principle stresses and their axes.

3 -10 0
j -10 0
30

0
30 -27
(17) If the principal stresses at a point are 100, 100 and -200 MPa, find the octahedral normal and shear
stress at this point.
(18) A sample is tested under tri-axial compression and the values of principal stresses are 20, 5, 5 MPa.
Fin the value of octahedral normal and shear stress.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad

Page 3 of 12

B. TECH. SEM III (MECHANICAL), ADVANCED STRENGTH OF MATERIALS (2012-13)

ASSIGNMENT NO. 2
1.

A wheel 800 mm in diameter has a thin rim. If density is 7700 kg/m3 and E = 200 GN/m2
Calculate :
(a) How many revolutions per minute may it make without the hoop stress exceeding 130 MN/m2?
(b) Change in diameter. Neglect the effect of spokes.

2.

Calculate the hoop stress in a thin rim, 0.6m mean diameter revolving about its axis at 800
r.p.m. Steel weighs 7700 kg/m3.

3.

A mild steel thin ring is 1m in diameter. Neglecting the effect of spokes, find the maximum
speed in r.p.m. at which it can be rotated without the stress going beyond 155 MN/m2. The steel
weighs 7700 kg/m3. Also find the increase in diameter of the ring at this speed if E = 200
GN/m2.

4.

Figure 2.1 shows a built up ring. If the ring rotates at 2000 r.p.m. find the stresses set up in
steel and copper rings. Assume
For steel E = 200 GN/m2; = 7800 kg/m3
For copper E = 100 GN/m2; = 8900kg/m3

5.

Figure 2.1
Calculate the stress in the rim of a pulley when linear velocity of the rim is 80 m/s. Assume
density of material of the pulley as 7800 kg/m3. If the speed of the pulley is increased by 20%
what will be the stress.

6.

Find the limiting peripheral speed of a cast iron wheel if the allowable stress in cast iron is 6.6
N/mm2. Take density of material as 7212 kg/m3.

7.

A composite ring is made of an inner copper ring and outer steel ring. The diameter of the
surface of contact of the two rings is 600 mm. If the composite ring rotates at 2500 r.p.m.
determine the stresses set up in the steel and copper rings. Both the rings are rectangular cross
section 15 mm in the radial direction and 20 mm in the direction perpendicular to the plane of
the ring. Take Es = 200 GN/m2; Ecu = 100 GN/m2; s = 7800 kg/m3; cu= 8900 kg/m3.

8.

Determine the maximum angular velocity at which the disc can be rotated if the hoop stress is
limited to 20 MN/m2. The ring has a mean diameter of 260 mm. What will be the change in
diameter?
Take = 7470 kg/m3 E = 207 GN/m2.

9.

Determine the intensities of principal stresses in a flat steel disc of uniform thickness having a
diameter of 1 m and rotating at 2400 r.p.m. What will be stresses if the disc has a central hole
of 0.2 m diameter? Take Poissons ratio = 1/3 and = 7850 kg/m3.

10.

A steel disc of uniform thickness and of diameter 400 mm is rotating about its axis at 2000
r.p.m. The density of the material is 7700 kg/m3 and Poissons ratio 0.3. Determine the
variations of circumferential and radial stresses.

11.

A disc of uniform thickness having inner and outer diameters 100 mm and 400 mm respectively
is rotating at 5000 r.p.m. about its axis. The density of the material of the disc is 7800 kg/m3
and Poissons ratio is 0.28. Determine the stress variations along the radius of the disc.

12.

Determine the greatest values of radial and hoop stresses for a rotating disc in which the outer
and inner radii are 0.3m and 0.15m. The angular speed is 150 rad/sec. Take Poissons ratio as
0.304 and density 7700 kg/m3.

13.

Solve problem 12 if it were a long cylinder.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad
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B. TECH. SEM III (MECHANICAL), ADVANCED STRENGTH OF MATERIALS (2012-13)

14.

A thin uniform disc of inner radius 25 mm and outer diameter 125 mm is rotating at 10000 rpm
Calculate the maximum and minimum values of circumferential and radial stresses. Take density
of material 8830 kg/m3 and Poissons ratio = 0.33.

15.

A steam turbine rotor (to run at a speed of 3500 r.p.m.) is to be designed so that the radial and
circumferential stresses are to be same and constant throughout and is equal to 80 MN/m2. If the
axial thickness at the centre is 15 mm what is the thickness at a radius of 500 mm? Assume
density of material as 7800 kg/m3.

16.

A disc having inner and outer radius 75 mm and 150 mm respectively is rotating at an angular
speed of 150 rad/sec. Calculate the greatest values of radial and circumferential stresses.
Assume density of material 7700 kg/m3 and Poissons ratio= 0.304.

17.

A steel ring of outer diameter 300 mm and internal diameter 200 mm is shrunk onto a solid steel
shaft. The interference is arranged such that the radial pressure between the mating surfaces
will not fall below 30 MN/m2 whilst the assembly rotates in service. If the maximum
circumferential stress on the inside surface of the ring is limited to 240 MN/m2, determine the
maximum speed at which the assembly can be rotated. It may be assumed that no relative slip
occurs between the shaft and the ring.
For steel, = 7470 kg/m3, Poissons ratio = 0.3, E = 208 GN/m2.

18.

Determine the maximum stress and the stress at the outside of a 250mm diameter disc which
rotates at 12000 r.p.m.

19.

A turbine rotor, 0.4m external diameter and 0.2m internal diameter, is revolving at 1000 r.p.m.
Taking the weight of rotor as 7700 kg/m3 and Poissons ratio 0.3, find the maximum hoop and
radial stresses assuming (i) rotor to be a thin disc and (ii) rotor to be a long cylinder. Calculate
the percentage error in assuming it to be a thin disc.

20.

Solve example 16 if the rotor were either a solid disc or solid cylinder.

21.

A grinding wheel is 300mm diameter with the bore at the centre 25mm diameters. If the
thickness of the wheel at the outer radius is 25mm, what should be the thickness at the bore
diameter for a uniform allowable stress of 10MN/m2 at 2800 r.p.m.? Take density of the wheel
material as 2700 kg/m3.

22.

The disc of a turbine rotor is 0.5m diameter. At the blade ring its thickness is 55mm. It is keyed
to a shaft of 50mm diameter. If the uniform stress in the rotor disc is limited to 200 MN/m2 at
900 r.p.m., find the thickness of the disc at the shaft. Take density of the rotor material at 7700
kgt/m3.

23.

A long cylinder of 300 mm radius is rotating at 4500 r.p.m. The density of material is 7800
kg/m3 and Poissons ratio is 0.3. Calculate the maximum stress in the cylinder. Draw the
variation of radial and circumferential stress along the radius.

24.

A hollow cylinder 200 mm external radius and 100 mm internal radius is rotating at 3000 r.p.m.
The density of material is 7800 kg/m3 and Poissons ratio 0.3. Calculate the maximum stress in
the cylinder. Draw the variation of radial and circumferential stress in the cylinder.

25.

A long cylinder of outer radius 375 mm and inner radius 125 mm is rotating about its axis at
4000 r.p.m. What are the maximum and minimum values of circumferential stress? What is the
maximum radial stress and where it occurs? Take density of material = 7800 kg/m3 and
Poissons ratio is 0.3.

26.

A rotor of a turbine having inner and outer radii 100 mm and 200 mm respectively is rotating at
1000 r.p.m. Find the maximum radial and circumferential stresses. Assuming: (a) Rotor to be a
thin (b) Rotor to be a long cylinder.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad

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B. TECH. SEM III (MECHANICAL), ADVANCED STRENGTH OF MATERIALS (2012-13)

ASSIGNMENT NO. 3
1.

2.

3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

In a metallic body the principal stresses are +35 MPa and -95 MPa, the third principal stress being
zero. The elastic limit stress in simple tension as well in simple compression is equal and is 220
MPa. Find the factor of safety based on the elastic limit if the criterion of failure for the material is
the maximum principal stress theory.
In a Cast Iron body the principal stresses are +40 MPa and -100 MPa the third principal stress
being zero. The elastic limit stresses in simple tension and in simple compression are 80MPa and
400MPa respectively. Find the factor of safety based on the elastic limit if the criterion of failure is
the maximum principal stress theory.
A mild steel shaft, 120mm diameter is subjected to a maximum torque of 20kNm and a maximum
bending moment of 12 kNm at a particular section. Find the factor of safety according to the
maximum shear stress theory if the elastic limit in simple tension is 220 MPa.
A shaft is subjected to a maximum torque of 10kNm and a maximum bending moment of 7.5kNm
at a particular section. If the allowable equivalent stress is simple tension is 160 MPa, find the
diameter of the shaft according to the maximum shear stress theory.
Solve example 4 using the strain energy theory. Take Poissons ratio 0.24.
Solve example 4 using the shear strain energy theory.
In a steel member, at a point the major principal stress is 180MPa and the minor principal stress is
compressive. If the tensile yield point of the steel is 225MPa, find the value of the minor principal
stress at which yielding will commence according to each of the following criteria of failure:
(i) Maximum shearing stress
(ii) Maximum total strain energy and
(iii) Maximum shear strain energy. Take Poissons ratio = 0.26
In a material, the principal stresses are 60MPa, 48MPa and -36MPa. Calculate:
(i) Total strain energy per unit volume
(ii) Volumetric strain energy per unit volume
(iii) Shear strain energy per unit volume
(iv) Factor of safety on the total strain energy criterion if the material yields at 120MPa. Take E
= 200GN/m2 and 1/m=0.3
A bolt is under an axial thrust of 9.6kN together with a transverse force of 4.8kN. Calculate its
diameter according to:
(i) Maximum principal stress theory
(ii) Maximum shear stress theory. Use F.O.S. = 3, yield strength of bolt = 270 MPa and
Poissons ratio = 0.3
A solid shaft transmits 1000kW at 300 r.p.m. Maximum torque is 2 times the mean. The shaft is
subjected to a bending moment which is 1.5 times the mean torque. The shaft is made of a ductile
material for which the permissible tensile and shear stresses are 120 MPa and 60 MPa respectively.
Determine the shaft diameter using a suitable theory of failure.
A hollow mild steel shaft having 100mm external diameter and 50mm internal diameter is
subjected to a twisting moment of 8 kNm and a bending moment of 2.5 kNm. Calculate the
principal stresses and find direct stress which, acting alone would produce the same (i) maximum
elastic strain energy (ii) maximum elastic shear strain energy as that produced by the principal
stresses acting together. Take Poissons ratio equal to 0.25
The direct stresses on two mutually perpendicular planes in a two-dimensional stress system are
and 144MPa. In addition these planes carry a shear stress of 48MPa. Assuming factor of safety on
elastic limit as 3:
(i) find the value of at which the shear strain energy is least and
(ii) if the failure occurs at this value of the shear strain energy, estimate the elastic limit of the
material in simple tension.
A cylindrical shell made of mild steel plate and 1.2m in diameter is to be subjected to an external
pressure of 1.5 MPa. If the material yields at 200 MPa, calculate the thickness of the plate on the
basis of the following three theories assuming a factor of safety 3 in each case:
(i) Maximum principal stress theory (ii) Maximum shear stress theory and (iii) Maximum shear
strain theory
A solid circular shaft is 100mm in diameter and subjected to combined bending and twisting
moments, the bending moment being 3 times the twisting moment. If the direct tensile yield point
of the material is 350MPa and factor of safety on the yield is to be 4, calculate the allowable
twisting moments by the following three theories of elastic failure:
(i) Maximum principal stress theory
(ii) Maximum shear stress theory and
(iii) Shear strain energy theory
A shaft of 100mm diameter is subjected to a bending moment of 5kNm. Find the value of the
maximum torque which can be applied to the shaft for each of the following conditions:
(i) maximum direct stress not to exceed 120MPa (ii) maximum shearing stress not to exceed
60MPa (iii) maximum shear strain energy per unit volume not to exceed that induced by simple
shear stress of 80MPa.
The stresses induced at a critical point in a machine component made of steel (yield
strength=380MPa) are x=100MPa, y=40MPa and xy=80MPa. Calculate the factor of safety by (i)
maximum normal stress theory (ii) maximum shear stress theory and (iii) maximum distortion
energy theory.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad
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B. TECH. SEM III (MECHANICAL), ADVANCED STRENGTH OF MATERIALS (2012-13)

ASSIGNMENT NO. 4
1.

At a point in a body, the displacement field is linear and is given by the following expressions. Find
all the strains.
u 0.06 x 0.05 y 0.01z , v 0.01y 0.03x , w 0.02x 0.01z

2.

The displacement field for a body is given by;

3.

What is the deformed position of a point originally at (3, 1, -2)?

Two points P and Q in the undeformed body have coordinates (0, 0, 1) and (2, 0, -1) respectively.
Assuming that the displacement field given is;

u x2 y i (3 z ) j ( x2 2 y)k

u x2 y i (3 z ) j ( x2 2 y)k

4.

What is the distance between points P and Q after deformation?

Consider the displacement field;

u y 2 i 3 yzj (4 6 x 2 )k 102
5.

What are the rectangular strain components at the point P (1, 0, 2)? Use only linear terms.
The general displacement field in a body, in Cartesian coordinates, is given as,
u 0.015x2 y 0.03 , v 0.005 y 2 0.03xz , w 0.003z 2 0.001yz 0.005
Find the strain and rotation tensors ij and ij for point (1, 0, 2)

6.

The state of strain at a given point in a body is given by the strain tensor;

0
0.004
0.002

ij
0.06 0.001
0
0.004 0.001
0
7.

Find the invariants of strain tensor and the isotropic and deviatoric components of strain tensor.
Following state of strain exist at a point P

0
0.02 0.04

ij 0.04 0.06 0.02

0.02
0
0
8.

What is the cubical dilatation at point P?

The displacement field in micro units for a body is given by;

9.

Determine the principal strains at (3, 1, -2) and the directions of the maximum and minimum
principal strain.
The displacement field at a point is given by;

u x2 y i (3 z ) j ( x2 2 y)k

u [ 2 x 2 y 2 i (3 y 2 yz ) j (3x z 2 )k ] 10-5

Determine the principal strains at (1, 0, 2) and the directions of the maximum and minimum
principal strain.
10. Following state of strain exist at a point P

0
0.02 0.04

ij 0.04 0.06 0.02

0
0.02
0
Determine the principal strains and the directions of the maximum and minimum principal strains.
11. Following state of strain exist at a point P

0
0
0.02

ij 0
0.1
0.15

0
0.15 0.2
Determine the principal strains and the directions of the maximum and minimum principal strains.
12. The rectangular components of a small strain at a point are given by the following matrix.

1 0 0
ij p 0 0 4 where p = 10-4

0 4 3
Determine the principal strains and the direction of the maximum unit strain.
13. For the following plane strain distribution, verify whether the compatibility condition is satisfied:
xx 3x 2 y , yy 4 y 2 x , xy 2 xy 2 x3
14. For the following plane strain distribution, verify whether the compatibility condition is satisfied:
xx y 2 5xy , yy y 2 x x 2 , xy 2 xy y 2
15.

Verify whether the following strain field satisfies the equations of compatibility. p is a constant.
xx py , yy px , zz 2 p( x y) , xy p( x y) , yz 2 pz , zx 2 pz
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad
Page 7 of 12

B. TECH. SEM III (MECHANICAL), ADVANCED STRENGTH OF MATERIALS (2012-13)

ASSIGNMENT NO. 5
1.

A straight cylindrical bar is 16mm diameter and 1.2m long. It is freely supported at its two ends in a
horizontal position and loaded at the centre with a concentrated load of 90N. The central deflection is
found to be 5mm. If placed vertical and loaded along its axis, what load would cause it to buckle?
What is the ratio of the maximum stresses in the two cases? Assume ends to be hinged.

2.

A cast iron column 200mm external diameter is 20mm thick and has a length of 4.5m. Assuming it can
be treated as rigidly fixed at each end, calculate the safe load by Rankine's formula, using the
following empirical constants c, = 550 MN/m2, a (for hinged ends) =1/1600 factor of safety = 4.

3.

A hollow cast iron column with-fixed ends supports an axial load of 1MN. If the column is 4.5m long
and has an external diameter of 250 mm, find the thickness of metal required. Use the Rankine
formula, taking Rankines constant of 1/6400 for pinned ends and a working stress of 80 MN/m2.

4.

In the experimental determination of the buckling loads for 12.5 mm diameter mild steel pin-ended
struts of various lengths, two of the values obtained were: (i) length 0.5 m, load 9.25 kN, (ii) length
0.2 m, load 25 kN.
(a) Make the necessary calculations and then state whether either of the values conforms to the
Euler formula for the critical load.
(b) Assuming that both values are in agreement with the Rankine formula, find the two constants
for this formula.

5. Compare the crippling loads given by Euler's and Rankine's formulae for a tubular steel strut 2.25m
long, having outer and inner diameters of 38mm and 33mm respectively, loaded through pin joints at
both ends. Take the yield stress as 325MN/m2, the Rankine constant (for pinned ends) = 1/7500 and E
= 200 GN/m2. For what length of strut of this cross-section does the Euler formula cease to apply?
6.

A strut 3m long is constructed of steel tube 75mm outside diameter and 3 mm thick. The ends are pin
jointed, but the end load of 50kN is applied eccentrically through a line parallel and 2.5mm away from
the axis of the strut, which is initially straight. Find the deflection and the maximum stress at the
centre of the length. E= 200 GN/m2.

7.

A steel bar 25mm diameter and 1.8m long is tested as a pin-jointed strut. Calculate the crippling load
if the bar is initially straight and is centrally loaded. Find the load which will produce the yield stress of
300 MN/m2 (3300 kg/cm2) in this bar, if it is centrally loaded, but has initial curvature with an
eccentricity of 9mm at the centre of its length. E = 200 GN/m2.

8.

A vertical strut of uniform section is fixed rigidly at the base and carries a vertical load W at the top
acting with an eccentricity e. In addition there is a horizontal force at the top, H, acting so as to
produce bending in the same plane as Wand tending to increase the deflection. Obtain a formula for
the maximum bending moment. If the column is a tube 50 mm outside diameter and 44 mm inside
diameter of free length 1.5 m and if W = 9 kN acting with an eccentricity of 25mm, find H to produce a
maximum stress of 275 MN/m2, E = 200 GN/m2.

9.

A rolled steel joist 300mm by 125mm and 6m long is used as a strut with hinged ends. It carries an
axial load of 300kN together with a lateral load of 16 kN/m uniformly distributed along one flange over
the entire length. Determine the maximum stress produced. 1= 86 x 10-6 m4, A = 5.89 x 10-3 m2; E=
200 GN/m2.

10. A straight bar of alloy 1m long and 12.5mm x 5mm in section is mounted in a strut testing machine
and loaded axially till it buckles. Assuming the Euler formula for pinned ends to apply, estimate the
maximum central deflection before the material attains its yield point at 280 MN/m2, E = 75 GN/m2.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad

Page 8 of 12

B. TECH. SEM III (MECHANICAL), ADVANCED STRENGTH OF MATERIALS (2012-13)

1.

ASSIGNMENT NO. 6
Figure 6.1 shows a circular ring of rectangular section, with a slit and subjected to load P.
Calculate the magnitude of force P if the maximum stress along the section 1-2 is not to exceed
225 MPa.

Figure 6.1

Figure 6.2

Figure 6.3

2.

Figure 6.2 shows a ring carrying a load of 30kN. Calculate the stresses at 1 and 2.

3.

A curved bar is formed of a tube of 12cm outside diameter and 7.5mm thickness. The centre line
of this beam is a circular arc of radius 225mm. a bending moment of 3kNm tending to increase
curvature of the bar is applied. Calculate the maximum tensile and compressive stresses set up in
the bar.

4.

Figure 6.3 shows a crane hook lifting a load of 150kN. Determine the maximum compressive and
tensile stresses in the critical section of the crane hook.

5.

A central horizontal section of hook is a symmetrical trapezium 60mm deep, the inner width being
60mm and the outer being 30mm. Estimate the extreme intensities of stress when the hook
carries a load of 30kN, the load line passing 40mm from the inside edge of the section and the
centre of curvature being in the load line. Also plot the stress distribution across the section.

6.

A curved bar of rectangular section 60mm wide x 75mm deep in the plane of bending initially
unstressed is subjected to bending moment of 2.25kNm which tends to straighten the bar. The
mean radius of curvature is 150mm. Find (i) position of neutral axis and (ii) greatest bending
stress.

7.

A bar of rectangular section 40mm x 60mm is subjected to a bending moment of 2 kNm, its centre
line is curved to a radius of 200mm. If the bending moment tends to increase the curvature,
determine (i) maximum tensile and compressive stresses in beam and (ii) stress at c.g. of the
section

8.

A steel bar 38mm in diameter is bent into a curve of mean radius 31.7mm. If a bending moment
of 4.6Nm tending to increase the curvature, acts on the bar, find the intensities of maximum
tensile and compressive stresses.

9.

A curved bar of rectangular section 60mm x 40mm is bent in the shape of a horse shoe having a
mean radius of 70mm. Two equal and opposite forces of 10kN each are applied at a distance of
120mm from the centre line of the middle section so that they tend to straighten the rod.
Calculate the maximum tensile and compressive stresses.

10. A bar of circular cross-section is bent in the shape of a horse shoe. The radius of the section is
40mm and the mean radius is 80mm. two equal and opposite forces of 15kN each are applied so
as to straighten the bar. Find maximum tensile and compressive stresses and position of neutral
axis with the stress at c.g. of the section. Take the distance between c.g. and line of application of
load as 196mm.
11. A curved bar is formed of a tube 40mm outside radius and 5mm thickness. The centre line of this
beam is a circular arc of radius 150mm. a bending moment of 2kNm tending to increase curvature
of the bar is applied. Calculate the maximum tensile and compressive stresses set up in the bar.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad
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B. TECH. SEM III (MECHANICAL), ADVANCED STRENGTH OF MATERIALS (2012-13)

12. At the critical section of crane hook, trapezium in section, the inner and outer sides are 4cm and
2.5cm respectively and depth is 7.5cm. The centre of curvature of the section is at a distance of
6cm from the inner fibres and the load line is 5cm from the inner fibres. If the maximum stress is
not to exceed 120MPa, what maximum load the hook can carry?
FORMULAE
(1)

M
AR

R2
1 2
h

R y

Rh2
2
2
R h

(2) Neutral axis position from c.g. axis = yn

FORMULA FOR h2

SECTION
RECTANGULAR SECTION

h2

R3
2R D
2
loge
R
D
2R

A=BD

CIRCULAR SECTION

h2

d2
d4

16 128R2
d2
A
4

TRIANGULAR SECTION

h2

2R3
d

3R 2d

3R 2d
loge
1 R2

3R d
3d

bd
2

TRAPEZOIDAL SECTION

h2

R3
A

R2 B b
R
R2 loge 2 B b R2
b loge

R1 d
R1

B b
A
d
2
d1

d B 2b
3 B b

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad

Page 10 of 12

B. TECH. SEM III (MECHANICAL), ADVANCED STRENGTH OF MATERIALS (2012-13)

ASSIGNMENT NO. 7
1.

Derive the expression of shear centre for channel section as shown in Figure 7.1.

Figure 7.1
2.

Figure 7.2

Derive the expression of shear centre for unequal I-section as shown in Figure 7.2.

Figure 7.3
3.

Derive the expression of shear centre for channel section as shown in Figure 7.3.

4.

Classify different types of plates and write Kirchhoffs hypothesis (assumptions) which are made in
classical small deflection theory of thin homogeneous elastic plates.

5.

Derive the relationship between slopes and curvatures of a bent plate.

6.

Derive the relationship between strain and curvature of a bent plate.

7.

Derive the relationship between moment and curvature of a bent plate.

8.

Derive the differential equilibrium equation in terms of bending and twisting moments for a thin
rectangular plate subjected to bending.

9.

Explain different boundary conditions for a rectangular plate with neat free hand sketches.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad
Page 11 of 12

B. TECH. SEM III (MECHANICAL), ADVANCED STRENGTH OF MATERIALS (2012-13)

ASSIGNMENT NO. 8
1.

Evaluate the maximum value of the shearing stress by using a bar of rectangular section under
torsion T in approximate solution of rectangular section.

2.

Evaluate the maximum value of the shearing stress by using a bar of elliptical cross section under
torsion T in approximate solution of elliptical section.

3.

Explain membrane analogy.

4.

Which are the point in the process of finding the torsion stress distribution and the warping
displacement for solid sections of singly connected section?

5.

Applying the stress function approach for the given bar of triangular section shown in Figure 8.1
Find the value of the angle () at the base and thus obtain the value of C.

.
G

a
B

h
Figure 8.1

6.

Find the strength of an elliptical section in torsion as given by the torsional section modulus of the
x2
y2
section by using equation
+
= 1.
a2
b2

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad

Page 12 of 12