Chapter 7

Getting the Lead Out

I. Proof that atoms are not destroyed during dissolving
A. Mass before dissolving KI + water = mass after dissolving
B. Mass before dissolving Pb(NO3)3 + water = mass after dissolving
II. Law of Conservation of Mass
A. Mass of the reactants of KI and Pb(NO3)3 was the same as the products.
III. Chemical Reaction took place
A. Unexpected Color Change
1. colorless liquid + colorless liquid would not be expected to make a yellow
solid
2. new matter is made, a solid
3. the new matter has new properties, it is not soluble in water. The solids that
you started with were, as you dissolved them in water to make solutions.
IV. Atoms Rearrange in Chemical Reactions
A. When the yellow solid (precipitate) is heated, if forms IODINE and LEAD
1. these two atoms were not together as reactants.
B. The other products had to be KNO3 which would be dissolved in the liquid
C. This reaction would be an example of a DOUBLE REPLACEMENT REACTION
1. System-group of atoms that influence each other
2. Subsystem-the atoms that directly influence each other to form the compound
V. Leftover Atoms
A. When testing the leftover liquid you found that only one reactant could remain at a
time
1. Split the leftover liquid and add the reactants to each beaker
a. whichever reacts is what is left in the liquid
2. Limiting reagent-the reactant that you run out of first