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- movement from the more medical orienta2on or view of deviant behavior as

manifesta2ons or expressions of disease to recognizing behavioral abnormali2es
as products of learning
- various theories of learning and operates under the assump2on that behavioral
problems result from faulty learning or the acquisi2on of certain responses to
specic s2muli or environmental factors reciprocal
- everything is learned, so anything can be unlearned
- Classical condi2oning (Pavlovs dog)
- UCS (uncondi2oned s2mulus meat) produces uncondiGoned response
(saliva2on)
- UCS presented aHer Neutral S2umulus (tuning fork sound) producing the
UCR
- Remove the UCS and now neutral s2mulus produces the condi2oned
response (CR)
- posi2ve reinforcement (add a posi2ve s2mulus), nega2ve reinforcement(remove
an averse s2mulus) increase behavior
- as anxiety disorders result from faulty learning that associates a s2mulus with a
fear and avoidance response and that the resul2ng condi2oned fear is impacted
by the persons thoughts or beliefs introduc2on of behavioral techniques
encourage the experience of posi2ve reinforcement from the persons
environment

- Like behavioral therapy - operates on the assump2on that maladap2ve responses

result from prior learning and that change in behavior or emo2onal responses can
be made through experiencing and engaging in new, more adap2ve learning
- Emo2onal and behavioral responses result from ac2va2on of maladap2ve beliefs
in response to an experience
- conscious beliefs do in fact aect feelings and behavior and that people are not
totally subject to a history of condi2oning
- Purpose is iden2fying cogni2ons or distorted/maladap2ve core beliefs
- emo2onal and behavioral disturbances stem from maladap2ve beliefs or
cogni2ons, which are ac2vated in response to an experience
- Ac2va2ng event or what causes the emo2onal or behavioral consequence
- Belief or aGtude that intervenes between A and C
- Consequence emo2onal or behavioral
- Ex) Debbie receives cri2cism from her boss during a review session
consequence is feeling anxious thought is that she thinks she might lose
her job (role in iden2fying)
- Daily Thought Record ask client to iden2fy the feelings when the situa2on
occurred and iden2fy and record the thought
- Ques2oning to iden2fy Core Beliefs (What would it mean to you if this was
true?) unseen cogni2ve processes that guide our decision making
- Ex) asking Debbie what would it mean to you if you were to lose your job?

Just a few

Assump2on is that these distor2ons arise during highly aroused states and impaired
logical thinking.
By iden2fying the distor2on, were opening the door to the possibility of replacing
that with more ra2onal thinking

Guiding Assump2on the way a person feels

Thoughts, Feelings Behavior - modifying thinking leads to modica2on of feelings and
behavioral responses
- modica2on of beliefs that guide thinking lead to longer and more las2ng
improvement
- therapy focuses on cogni2ve conceptualiza2on and involves behavioral
interven2ons (verbal and behavioral techniques)
CBT breaks down problem into smaller components
Then follows techniques to address those smaller components
Discussion of for and against nega2ve beliefs, rules and assump2ons
(encouraging client to replace those cogni2ons with more realis2c or
posi2ve ones)
what are the evidence for or against those beliefs?
what are alterna2ve interpreta2ons of the event or situa2on
what are the pros and cons of keeping this belief?
What does that tell you about the assumptions that you
are making?
Experiments tes2ng your beliefs by changing the behavior and
seeing what happens

Highly structured, lives in the here and now, not really delving into the past

Skills training resource development replacing maladap2ve coping with
more adap2ve coping techniques
Does not work for everyone
Research shows that it reduces your risk for future episodes does not
completely get rid of it
- anxiety reason for that, reasonable small amounts of anxiety is okay and
normal

Concerns specically for this popula2on

CBT began with trea2ng depression and anxiety disorders

Basic model
- Structured treatment plan iden2fying and priori2zing clients presen2ng
concerns - seGng an agenda is key factor of CBT
- Establish Therapeu2c Rela2onship (therapist is someone very interested in your
problem, warm and empathic, breaks down your problems into smaller
components)
- Set specic goals - ones that can be measured
- Idn2fying automa2c thougths and core beliefs (walking through the ABC)
- Coping strategies whats working, whats not, how can we change that behavior

Mindfuless
Be able to objec2vely observe your thoughts like theyre leaves just ying by
or things on a conveyor belt (close your eyes and just no2ce some of your
thoughts, now bring your focus back to the room) developing our ability to
observe our thoughts mindfulness

Thought Techniques:
Remember that thoughts are not facts (we can have all sorts of thoughts that
enter my head) how much 2me I spend on that thought is something I
choose and decide to do
We want to know how our thoughts trigger feelings (some2mes we think that
the situa2on triggered the feeling we have, when actually its the
interpreta2on of the situa2on that triggered the feeling we have) the event
doesnt change, our interpreta2on does what is the interpreta2on in the
middle thats triggering this feeling
Be able to shiH perspec2ves (some2mes involves just changing one word I
have to go to class, I have to go to work could make me feel trapped but if I
change one word, I choose to go to work so I can provide for my family, I
choose to go to class to have bejer opportuni2es then my feelings change)

No2cing where your mind goes and going back to the present (takes prac2ce and
pa2ence to bring you back to moment)

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TFCBT with children and adolescents

CPC-CBT with families and parent and child
CTT-BW developed specically to address concerns of bajered women
Prolonged Exposure Therapy - Repeated exposure to these thoughts, feelings, and
situa2ons helps reduce the power they have to cause distress
Cogni2ve Processing Therapy specically developed to treat PTSD

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