LAPORAN TUGAS MERANCANG KAPAL V

RENCANA KAMAR MESIN

(ENGINE ROOM LAYOUT)

GENERAL CARGO SHIP

MV. MTRDN

Disusun Oleh :
Mita Ardiana
21090111130025

PROGRAM STUDI S1 TEKNIK PERKAPALAN

FAKULTAS TEKNIK
UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO
SEMARANG
2014

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN

Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini, kami menyatakan bahwa mahasiswa di

bawah ini:
Nama

: Mita Ardiana

NIM

: 21090111130025

Program Studi : S1 Teknik Perkapalan

Fakultas

: Teknik Universitas Diponegoro

Judul

: Laporan Perhitungan Tugas Merancang Kapal V

Rencana Kamar Mesin General Cargo

Telah menyelesaikan Tugas Merancang Kapal V Rencana Kamar Mesin

Menyetujui,
Asisten Dosen

Penerima tugas

Raden Danu Henantyo P

NIM. 21090110110061

Mita Ardiana
NIM. 21090111130025

Semarang,

2014

Universitas Diponegoro
Program Studi S1 Teknik Perkapalan
Dosen Pembimbing
Rencana Kamar Mesin

Dr. Wilma Amirudin, ST. MT.

NIP. 196805081999031002

KATA PENGANTAR

Puji Syukur ke hadirat Allah SWT, karena nikmat kesehatan dan kesempatan,
penulis dapat menyelesaikan laporan tugas rancang dua selama beberapa bulan ini
sebagai salah satu tugas rancang dari lima jenis Tugas Rancang Kapal yang
merupakan salah satu syarat menempuh Ujian Akhir pada Program Studi S1
Teknik Perkapalan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Diponegoro Semarang.
Menyadari kekurangan dan keterbatasan dalam penyusunan Laporan ini, adanya
saran dan kritik membangun dari dosen-dosen, rekan-rekan mahasiswa dan
pembaca akan mendorong penulis untuk membuat yang lebih baik.
Sambutan hangat dan terbuka dari keluarga besar mahasiswa Program Studi S1
Teknik Perkapalan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Diponegoro Semarang sangat
membantu mendapatkan informasi yang penulis butuhkan dan tambahan ilmu
pengetahuan umumnya serta disiplin Ilmu Teknik Perkapalan pada khususnya
untuk menunjang pengetahuan di bangku kuliah dengan adanya laporan
sebelumnya.

Semarang,

Oktober 2014

Mita Ardiana

DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN .............................................................................................. ii
KATA PENGANTAR ..................................................................................................... iii
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................................... iv
DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................................ v
DAFTAR TABEL ........................................................................................................... vi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ................................................................................................. 1
1.1 Latar Belakang ......................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Definisi Rencana Umum.......................................................................................... 2
1.3 Data Utama Kapal.................................................................................................... 3
BAB II DAYA MOTOR INDUK KAPAL ...................................................................... 4
2.1 Ukuran Utama Kapal............................................................................................. 4
2.2 Perhitungan Tahanan Total Kapal ........................................................................ 5
2.3 Perhitungan Daya Efektif ..................................................................................... 12
2.4 Perhitungan SHP dan DHP .................................................................................. 13
2.5 Perhitungan BHP .................................................................................................. 14
2.6 Pertimbangan Pemilihan Mesin Induk .................................................................. 14
2.6.1 Maintability................................................................................................. 14
2.6.2 Reliability .................................................................................................... 14
2.6.3 Space anda Arrangement Requirement ...................................................... 14
2.6.4 Weight Requirement .................................................................................... 15
2.6.5 Type of Fuel Requireduel Consumption ..................................................... 15
2.6.6 Fuel Consumption ....................................................................................... 15
2.6.7 Fractional Power and Transient Performance ........................................... 15
2.6.8 Interrelations with Auxilaries ..................................................................... 15
2.6.9 Reversing Capability ................................................................................... 15
2.6.10 Operating Personnel ................................................................................. 15

2.6.11 Costs.......................................................................................................... 15
2.6.12 Rating Limitation ...................................................................................... 15
2.7 Pemilihan Mesin Induk ......................................................................................... 16
BAB III JUMLAH DAN SUSUNAN CREW KAPAL ................................................ 17
3.1 Penentuan Jumlah Crew Kapal .............................................................................. 17
3.2 Pembagian/Susunan Crew Kapal ........................................................................... 18
BAB IV LWT,DWT DAN PAYLOAD.......................................................................... 19
4.1 Berat Baja Kapal .................................................................................................... 19
4.2 Berat Outfit dan Akomodasi .................................................................................. 20
4.3 Berat Instalasi Permesinan ..................................................................................... 20
4.4 Berat Cadangan...................................................................................................... 21
4.5 Menghitung Bagian-bagian DWT ......................................................................... 21
4.6 Komponen-komponen DWT ................................................................................. 21
4.6.1 Berat Fuel Oil (Wfo) .................................................................................... 21
4.6.2 Berat Diesel Oil (Wdo) ................................................................................. 22
4.6.3 Berat Lubricant Oil (Wlo) ............................................................................ 22
4.6.4 Berat Air Tawar ............................................................................................. 23
4.6.5 Berat Bahan Makanan ................................................................................... 24
4.6.6 Provision/Person/Luggage ............................................................................ 25
4.6.7 Berat Cadangan.............................................................................................. 25
4.6.8 Perhitungan Payload...................................................................................... 26
BAB V PERHITUNGAN KONSTRUKSI .................................................................... 27
5.1 Penentuan Jarak Gading ................................................................................... 27
5.2 Tinggi Dasar Ganda (Double Bottom) ............................................................. 27
5.3 Perencanaan Letak Sekat .................................................................................. 27
BAB VI PERENCANAAN TANGKI ............................................................................ 29

6.1 Tangki Fuel Oil ................................................................................................ 29

6.2 Tangki Fuel Oil Mesin Bantu ........................................................................... 29
6.3 Tangki Minyak Pelumas ................................................................................... 30
6.4 Tangki Air Tawar ............................................................................................. 30
6.5 Tangki Ballast III.............................................................................................. 30
6.6 Tangki Ballast II ............................................................................................... 31
6.7 Tangki Ballast I ................................................................................................ 31
BAB VII RUANG AKOMODASI ................................................................................. 32
7.1 Sleeping Room .................................................................................................. 33
7.2 Mess Room........................................................................................................ 33
7.3 Sanitary Accomodation..................................................................................... 34
7.4 Hospital Accomodation .................................................................................... 34
7.5 Tempat Ibadah .................................................................................................. 35
7.6 Ruang Navigasi ................................................................................................ 35
7.7 Ruangan Lain Yang Direncanakan ................................................................... 36
BAB VIII PERLENGKAPAN NAVIGASI DAN KOMUNIKASI............................. 38
8.1 Perlengkapan Navigasi ..................................................................................... 38
8.2 Peralatan Komunikasi ....................................................................................... 43
BAB IX PERALATAN TAMBAT ................................................................................ 44
9.1 Jangkar dan Rantai Jangkar .............................................................................. 44
9.2 Tali Temali ....................................................................................................... 48
9.3 Chain Locker .................................................................................................... 48
9.4 Penentuan Daya Mesin Jangkar ........................................................................ 49
9.5 Bollard .............................................................................................................. 50
9.6 Fairlead and Chock .......................................................................................... 50
9.7 Capstan ............................................................................................................. 51

BAB X PERLENGKAPAN KESELAMATAN............................................................ 53

10.1 Sekoci Penolong (Life Boats) ........................................................................ 53
10.2 Sekoci Jatuh Bebas (Freefall Lifeboat) ......................................................... 53
10.3 Pelampung Penolong (Lifebuoy) ................................................................... 54
10.4 Baju Penolong (Life Jacket) .......................................................................... 55
BAB XI PERENCANAAN PROPPELER DAN KEMUDI ......................................... 56
11.1 Proppeler ........................................................................................................ 56
11.2 Sepatu Kemudi ............................................................................................... 57
11.2 Daun Kemudi.................................................................................................. 57
11.3 Steering Gear.................................................................................................. 69
BAB XII PERHITUNGAN VOLUME RUANG MUAT............................................. 61
12.1 Volume Ruang Muat I .................................................................................... 61
12.2 Volume Ruang Muat II ................................................................................... 61
BAB XIII PINTU, JENDELA DAN TANGGA ........................................................... 62
13.1 Pintu................................................................................................................ 62
13.2 Jendela ............................................................................................................ 62
13.3 Tangga ............................................................................................................ 63
13.4 Port Gang Way ............................................................................................... 63
BAB XIV PERENCANAAN BULWARK, CRANE DAN RAILING ........................... 65
14.1 Bulwark........................................................................................................... 65
14.2 Crane .............................................................................................................. 65
14.3 Railing ............................................................................................................ 65
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..................................................................................................... 66
LAMPIRAN ................................................................................................................... 67

DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Jalur Pelayaran Jakarta- Belawan ............................................................ 5
Gambar 7.1 Sleeping Room ................................................................................... 33
Gambar 7.2 Mess Room ........................................................................................ 34
Gambar 7.3 Sanitary Accomodation ......................................................................34
Gambar 7.4 Hospital Accomodation .....................................................................35
Gambar 7.6 Ruang Navigasi .................................................................................. 36
Gambar 8.1.1 Mast Head ...................................................................................... 38
Gambar 8.1.2 Anchor Light .................................................................................. 39
Gambar 8.1.3.1 Port Side Light .............................................................................40
Gambar 8.1.3.2 Starboard Side Light ....................................................................40
Gambar 8.1.4 Stern Light ...................................................................................... 41
Gambar 9.1.1 Jangkar ............................................................................................ 45
Gambar 9.1.2.1 Anchor D Endshack ..................................................................46
Gambar 9.1.2.2 Kenter Joning Schackle ................................................................ 46
Gambar 9.1.2.3 Pear Shackle Baldt ......................................................................47
Gambar 9.1.2.4 Shortlink Chaincables .................................................................47
Gambar 9.1.2.5 GJW Super Swivel .......................................................................48
Gambar 9.1.2.6 Swivel ........................................................................................... 48
Gambar 9.5 Bollard .............................................................................................. 50
Gambar 9.6 Fair Lead and Chock .........................................................................51
Gambar 9.7 Capstan .............................................................................................. 51
Gambar 10.1 Lifeboat ............................................................................................ 53
Gambar 10.2 Freefall Lifeboat............................................................................... 54
Gambar 10.3 Lifebuoy ............................................................................................ 55
Gambar 10.4 Life Jacket ........................................................................................ 55
Gambar 13.1 Ship Steel Water Tight Door ................................................................ 62
Gambar 13.4 Port Gang Way ................................................................................. 63

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.2 Koefisien Harga C Stern ..........................................................................8

Tabel 2.3 Harga Koefisien (1+k2) ............................................................................9
Tabel 2.6.12.1 Engine speed classification ............................................................ 16
Tabel 2.6.12.2 Keuntungan dan kerugian mesin putaran rendah dan putaran tinggi
................................................................................................................................ 16
Tabel 6.1 Volume tangki Fuel Oil .........................................................................29
Tabel 6.2 Volume tangki Fuel Oil mesin bantu ..................................................... 29
Tabel 6.3 Volume tangki minyak pelumas ............................................................ 30
Tabel 6.5 Volume tangki ballast III .......................................................................30
Tabel 6.6 Volume tangki ballast II .......................................................................31
Tabel 6.7 Volume tangki ballast I ........................................................................31
Tabel 12.1 Volume ruang muat I ...........................................................................61
Tabel 12.2 Volume ruang muat II ..........................................................................61

BAB I
PENDAHULUAN

BAB II
DAYA MOTOR INDUK KAPAL

BAB III
JUMLAH DAN SUSUNAN CREW KAPAL

BAB IV
LWT, DWT DAN PAYLOAD

BAB V
PERHITUNGAN KONSTRUKSI

BAB VI
PERENCANAAN TANKI

BAB VII
RUANG AKOMODASI

BAB VIII
PERLENGKAPAN NAVIGASI DAN KOMUNIKASI

BAB IX
PERALATAN TAMBAT

BAB X
PERLENGKAPAN KESELAMATAN

BAB XI
PERENCANAAN PROPPELER DAN KEMUDI

BAB XII
PERHITUNGAN VOLUME RUANG MUAT

BAB XIII
PINTU, JENDELA DAN TANGGA

BAB XIV
PERENCANAAN BULWARK, CRANE DAN RAILING

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

LAMPIRAN