Chithra P

IV BDS(part I)

MANDIBULAR CENTRAL
INCISOR

Smallest tooth in the dental arch.

Average tooth length : 20.8mm
Pulp chamber:
small
flat mesiodistally
wide labiolingually
ovoid in cross section in cervical 3rd
tapers incisally.

Root and root canals:

one root which is straight in 60% cases.
flat and narrow mesiodistally
wide labiolingually

Root canal
Canal configuration varies from :
1)
One canal exiting in one apical foramen
2)
One canal bifurcating in to 2 canals,coming
together and exiting in to one apical foramen.
Labiolingually : broad in cervical and middle 3rd
tapers towards apex
constriction in the apical 3rd

Mesio distal,labio
lingual,cervical,midroot and apical
cross section views.

Clinical significance

The second canal is normally located

lingual to the primary canal. Care should
be taken during access opening to avoid
buccal perforations.

Access opening

Shape:oval and long,greatest dimension oriented

incisogingivally.
Enamel is penetrated in the center of lingual
surface at an angle perpendicular to it.
Then bur is directed along long axis of tooth until
the pulp chamber is reached.
The overhanging enamel and dentin of the lingual
roof of the pulp chamber are removed, including
the pulp horns
Thus access cavity walls become confluent with
the lateral and incisal walls of the pulp chamber,
with a straight line penetration to the apical root
canal.

Removal of lingual shoulder by working from

inside out (using Gates-Glidden drill )
Thus direct access to apical area of root canal is
gained.
Verified by placing end of the endodontic explorer
in to the canal orifice.
The explorer should follow the path of the canal
without impedance from the walls of the
surrounding access preparation.
Proper access enables to explore cervical third of
root to determine whether 2nd root canal is present.

Access opening in
mandibular incisor.

MANDIBULAR LATERAL
INCISOR

Average tooth length : 22.6mm

Pulp chamber : similar to central incisor but
has larger dimensions.
Root and root canals : larger but same
configuration as central. Distal curve is
sharper.
Acces opening:same as central.
Anomalies: fusion and gemination can occur in
mandibular anterior teeth.

Mesiodistal ,labiolingual,cervical,
midroot and apical cross section
views.

Mandibular incisors with 2

canals.