1814-1832
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Europe, 1812
Before the Congress of Vienna.
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Europe, 1815
Europe after the Congress.
September 1814
CONGRESS OF VIENNA
CONVENES
Vienna,
1814
Expected Time: 2 months
Actual Time: 9 months
Goals
1. Restore Balance of Power
2. Restore “legitimacy”
3. Compensation
Austria
Metternich
ü Foreign minister of
Austria
ü M.I.P Europe:
1814 to 1848
ü Reactionary,
opponent of war
Francis I
ü Emperor of
Austria
ü Timid soul
ü Only job is to
restrain
Metternich
Britain
Lord
Castlereagh
ü British Foreign
Minister, 1815-
1822
ü Wants peace
through some
type of
organization
Posterity will ne'er
survey
A nobler grave than
this: Here lie the
bones of Castlereagh:
Stop, traveller, and
piss.
● -Lord
Byron
Russia Click to edit Master text styles
Second level
● Third level
● Fourth level
● Fifth level
ü Czar Alexander I
ü Complex, unstable
ü Has vision of a
“Holy Alliance”
Prussia
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Second level
● Third level
ü King Frederick William
● Fourth level
III & Karl von ● Fifth level
Hardenburg
ü Goals:
ü Recover Prussian
territory lost to
Napoleon
ü Gain additional
territory in northern
Germany (Saxony).
France
ü Talleyrand,
foreign minister
Congress of Vienna, 1815
THE SETTLEMENT
Balance of Power
Territorial Adjustments:
Belgium (former Austrian Netherlands) to
Netherlands (House of Orange)
Austria receives parts of N. Italy
(Lombardy & Venetia)
Russia receives Finland & most of Poland
Norway goes to Sweden (from Denmark)
Sardinia receives Savoy
Balance of Power, cont.
Britain GAINS
Islands in West Indies, land in S. America, Ceylon
in Indian Ocean, & S. Africa’s Cape Colony
Reorganization of German States
German Confederation of 39 autonomous states
Francis I of Austria president of Confederacy
France restored to 1792 borders
The Legacy of
Napoleon?
“Napoleon ‘exported’ the
Revolution to Europe.”
NATIONALISM & LIBERALISM
The Concert of Europe
‘An Alliance System’
● Fourth level
● Fifth level
19th Century Liberals
Catholic countries
restored power &
status of the church
Protestant countries
witnessed religious
revivalism
The Second
“Great
Awakening” in
America
Political Challenges to
Conservative Rule
Popular revolts for Constitutional rule:
Spain
Russia
Nationalist movements:
Italy
Balkans and Greece
Wars of Independence in Latin
America
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Second level
● Third level
● Fourth level
● Fifth level
Nationalist Movements
Round One: Crisis in Germany
Wartburg Festival
Carlsbad Decrees
Attacked who?
Is censorship ever effective?
The Tzar is upset
Round Two: Spain & Italy
-Troppau protocol
Round Three: Russia
“Orthodoxy,
Autocracy, and
Nationalism”
Round Four: Greece
1804-1830
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Second level
● Third level
● Fourth level
● Fifth level
Revolutions in Latin
The Haitian Revolution
‘…the only successful slave revolt in
history…’
- Metternich
France in the 19th Century
A Crisis of Identity?
1814 to 1830 Click to edit Master text styles
Second level
● Third level
● Fourth level
● Fourth level
● Fifth level
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Second level Louis-Philippe
● Third level The Citizen King
● Fourth level
(1830-1848)
● Fifth level
BELGIUM BECOMES
INDEPENDENT (1830)
Revolutions of 1830
The British Response
1789-1832
By 1825, Younger
Click to edit Master text styles Tories moderate
Second level
● Third level
the party
● Fourth level
● Fifth level
Produce liberal
foreign & economic
policies
Catholic
Emancipation
George Canning Act, 1829
The British Response, cont.
parliamentary reforms
Earl Grey
(leader of the Whig Party)
asked by William IV to form a
new government
The British Response, Cont.
FRENCH
FOREIGN
LOUIS XVIII
OF FRANCE
CHARLES X
OF FRANCE
LOUIS
PHILIPPE OF
FRANCE
LORD
CASTLEREAGH,
BRITISH FOREIGN
MINISTER
LORD
LIVERPOOL,
BRITISH PRIME
MINISTER
WILLIAM IV
OF BRITAIN