BQ GIAO DYC VA DAO TAO TAP DOAN BUU CHINH VIEN THONG VIET NAM HQC VIEN CONG NGHE BUU CHINH VIEN THONG TRAN TRUNG PHONG TOI UU MANG TRUY NHAP VO TUYEN 3G CHUYEN NGANH : KY THUAT DIEN TU MA SO: 60.52.70 TOM TAT LUAN VAN THAC SI KY THUAT HA NOI - 2010Luan van duge hoan thanh tai: Hoc vién Céng nghé Buu chinh Vién thong Tap doan Buu chinh Vién thong Viét Nam Nguoi huéng dan khoa hoe: TS. DU DINH VIEN Bia Wier ls cn. ah ade coast teeen cachet srseseces «ssaasesteg vaaeemaae Luan van sé duge bao vé truée hdi déng cham luan van tai Hoc vién Céng nghé Buu chinh Vién thong Vo TGs Yreeen BID sy cxsee ngay ....... MEA a RIN bcc ccsecse-3 os Cé thé tim hiéu luan van tai: - Thu vién Hoe vién Céng nghé Buu chinh Vién thong LOI NOI DAU Théng tin di dng thé hé 3 (3G) dang ngay mét hoan thién va tro nén pho bién trén toan thé giéi. Tai Viét Nam, ca ba nha khai thac GSM 16n (Mobifone, Vinaphone, Viettel) déu da gap rit xdy dumg va chinh thite cung cép dich vu 3G. Mac dit viée trién khai mang dang trong giai doan bit dau cing nhur cdc dich vu 3G hién tai con kha han ché, théng tin di dong 3G dang ngay mét thu hut duge sy quan tam tir phia khach hang. M6t trong nhiing van dé séng con déi voi mang théng tin di dong ndi chung va 3G ndi riéng Ia chat Iuong, bao gom ca chat lugng dich vu va chat lugng mang. Dé nang cao chat lugng chung cia toan hé théng, dap img nhu cau ngay cang cao ctia khach hang, nha khai thac phai cé cdc phuong an, giai phdp' ki thuat ding dan, thich hop ca trong quy hoach, trién khai va ti wu mang. Trong thyc t6 trién khai céc hé théng 3G, phan Idn cdc vin dé thudng gap trong mang lién quan dén giao dién v6 uyén. Vi vay dé cai thién chat lugng mang, can tap trung vao viée téi wu mang truy nhap v6 tuyén UTRAN. Luan van nay phan tich cdc van dé lién quan dén tdi wu mang thong tin di dong 3G. Trén co sé cdc phan tich, danh gia da duge nghién ‘otfu, lun van dé xuat cic bude trién khai céng tc tdi wu mang truy nhp v6 tuyén cia hé théng théng tin di d6ng 3G. Lugn’ van gém 3 chuong. Chuong 1 trinh bay nhiing van dé chung nhat'46i véi t6i wu mang thong tin di dong 3G. Chuong 2 dé cap téi cae yéu té gay suy gidm chat lugng mang va cdc bién phap khic phic chit yéu, Chuong 3 ctia,luan van dé xuat cdc bude thye hién tdi uu mang truy nhap v6 tuyén UTRAN déi vi mang di dong 3G WCDMA. HOC VIE CONG NGHE BUN CHINN MEN THONG TRUNG TAM THONG TIN THU VIENChuong 1 i TONG QUAN VAN DE TOI UU TRONG MANG THONG TIN DI DONG 3G WCDMA one er chwong nay dé cdp dén vai tro ctia 101 wu trong Ta théng tin di déng noi chung va 3G ndi riéng. Phan tip theo trini Pe nguyén téc 16 chite kénh va hai trong so cdc van dé quan frome n “ can quan tém khi tdi wu mang 3G Ia diéu khien cong suat va el a giao/lwa chon cell. Trong chwong nay cin; a thiéu m6t s6 céng cu ce Hea SE Ee ee RCT AUY NHAP VO TUYEN vé ban chat, t6i uu hoa hé thong la thy hign can thiép, aif eter cdc tham s6 sao cho hé théng tré thanh “t0i wu thea mune Us chi nhat dinh goi la ham muc tiéu. Mye tiéu ciia toi uu co thé xét theo cdc yéu cdu khac nhau. N6i chung, d6i voi mang thong tin 1 Sones near myc tiéu t6i wu vé chi phi, ngudi ta thrdng thyc Bia tebe O59 muc tiéu khac: dung lugng va ving phu. Tuy nhién, dieu ae ie clia mang théng tin di d6ng, ca dieu kign cht quan va | eae khach quan, luén bién déi khong ngimg. Vi vay, viéc Ht um im hiéu theo y nghia mé rdng tic 1a lam chat, lugng mang, dic vue lén bang cach can thiép, diéu chinh mét s6 tham so nhat din! 1. eu viéc t6i uu theo hudng nhu trén duge duy tri lién tue trong suot qua trinh trian khai va khai théc mang lu6i, chat lugng cia mang, dich vu sé ngay m6t nang cao, phyc vy khach hang sé tot hon. MOT SO VAN DE KY THUAT TRONG TOLU'U MANG VO TUYEN 1.2.1 Téchite kénh trong hé thong UMTS a Hé théng UMTS st dung 3 loai kénh de truyén thong tin va bio ie la: Kénh vat If (Lép 1); Kénh truyén tai (giao dign Lép I va Lop | , Kénh logic (giao dign gitta Lop 2 va Lop 3). Tong hop cac ad i ctia hé thong UMTS va viée anh xa gitta cdc loai kénh one 1 thong, WCDMA dug qui dinh trong tiéu chudn 3GPP TS 25.211 [5]. 12.2 Dieu khién cong suat re iéu khién cong suat dong vai trd quan trong tror H ve a tranh hién ne can nhiéu do cdc UE gin Node B gay ra cin cae thué bao xa Node B dang cing hoat dng (hin We Hi gin — xa). Khac voi hé théng GSM, trong 46 mdi thué g hé thong UMTS 3; ni t6i BTS trong cc khe théi gian khdc nhau, trong hé thing UMTS c6 thé c6 mét ho&c nhiéu thué bao cing két ndi voi BTS trong cing thoi diém do sit dung nguyén ly CDMA. Sé thué bao két ndi dén BTS cng nhiéu, kha nang gay nhiéu sang nhau cang [én do céc thué bao cing ding chung tan sé. Do dé, diéu khién céng suat trong hé thong UMTS khong dya trén mirc céng suat ma dya trén mitc ti sé tin higu trén nhiéu SIR (Signal to Interference Ratio). M6t trong céc muc dich quan trong cia diéu khién céng sudt la duy tri chat lugng két néi v6 tuyén & mt mite xdc dinh. Cé hai loai diéu khién céng suat chinh la Diéu khién cong sudt ving hé: ap dung 46i v6i cdc kénh chung; va Diéu khién cong sudt vong kin: ap dung déi voi kénh danh riéng DPCCH/DPDCH va kénh chia sé dudng xuéng DSCH. Céc thi tue diéu khién céng suat duge qui dinh chi tiét trong tiéu chudn 3GPP TS 25.214 [4]. ' 1.2.3 Quan li, diéu khién chuyén giao 1.2.3.1 Phan logi chuyén giao Chuyén giao gitta cdc céng nghé (Inter-RAT) va chuyén giao trong ngi b> mang (Intra-RAT). Chuyén giao trong ndi b6 mang duge phan loai tiép thanh chuyén giao mém va chuyén giao citing 1.2.3.2 Thi tuc chuyén giao Thi tuc chuyén giao bao gdm 3 phan chinh: Do cdc tham sé phuc vu chuyén giao; Thuat todn chuyén giao; Thy hién chuyén giao. 1.2.3.3 Chuyén giao trong cing tan sé (Intra HO). Chuyén giao cing tan sé trong mang UTRAN cé thé la chuyén giao cimg hoc chuyén giao mém. 1.2.3.4 Chuyén giao khic tin sé trong cing hé thong Chuyén giao gitta cdc cell & tin sé khde nhau trong mang UMTS xay khi: - Cac cell tham gia str dung nhiéu song mang; - Chuyén giao trong hé thong cé cau tric cell phan lop. 1.2.3.5 Chuyén giao lién hé théng (Inter-RAT) Trong trudng hop MT hé tro ddng thdi GSM/UTRAN, chuyén giao c6 thé duge thyc hign gitta cac cell UTRAN va GSM do yéu cau vé vung phii hoac dich vy. 1.2.3.6 Xay dung danh séch lan c@n cell Dé dim bao d9 chinh xée ciia phép do va kha nang xtr Ii cua thiét bi, s6 lugng cell GSM nam trong tap lan cén ciia cell UTRAN can durgegiam nhé téi mite cé thé. 1.2.4 Tha tuc Iva chon mang PLMN, RAT va cell 1.2.4.1 La chon mang PLMN va cong nghé RAT Khi duge bat, MT phai thyc hign mt 36 phép do khdi tao xc dinh mang va cong nghé vo tuyén kha dung. ‘ Thu tyc Iya chon PLMN va RAT cé thé duge thye hién nhan c6ng hofc ty déng. 1.2.4.2. La chon cell trong UTRAN C6 hai tht tyc lira chon cell trong mang UTRAN. - Lya chon cell khdi tao. - Lya chon cell dya trén théng tin luu tri, 1.2.4.3 Lya chgn Igi cell Sau khi chon duge cell két néi, MT tiép tue do dé tim cdc cell t6t hon. MT thye hién xép hang cac cell cia timg loai céng nghé v6 tuyén dyra trén két qua do chat lwgng va mite thu. : CAC CONG CU HO TRG TOI UU - Thiét bj do phi séng (drive test tool); - Phan mém xir li toi wu; - Cac hé théng canh bio cita thiét bi; - Hé théng giam sat chat lugng tai ; - Hé théng cham séc khach; Két lugn Qua tim hiéu ching ta thdy 16i wu trong mang di déng la cong tée phai lam thong xuyén va can phai quan tam ding mite dé dam bao chat long mang va chat lugng dich vu cung cdp cho khach hang. Dé 6 thé thc hign cdc phan tich ki thudt déi véi mang 3G, can phai nghién ctu cdu hinh kénh, nguyén li, cdc thi tuc d&c thi di dong nhe diéu khién cong sudt, chuyén giao, Iya chon cell...Nine vay, Khi t0i wu 5 git ky thuat nhieu kinh nghiém, ndm ving ly thuyét va é thong can tdi wu. . hiéu bi Ngodi yéu 16 vé con ngudi thi céng cu hé trg toi wu cing dong vai tro quan trong. Lua chon sir dung céng cy phit hop voi ting muc dich sé giam thiéu dugc thoi gian phan tich, xr ly va nang cao d6 chinh xae trong viéc danh gid chat legng mang va chat lugng dich vu. e _Chwong 2 CAC YEU TO SUY GIAM CHAT LUQNG TRONG MANG TRUY NHAP VO TUYEN WCDMA VA BIEN PHAP KHAC PHUC Gi6i thigu Chuong nay trinh bay cdc ham muc tiéu t6i wu & khia canh AS thudt la ving phat 2 hak lugng mang — dich vy. Ngodi ra con dé cap dén cdc yéu to anh hwong Ién dén ham muc tiéu nay va mot sb idi ph ide pe ue : iéu ndy va mOt sO gidi phdp : HAM MUC TIEU TOI UU VA BO THAM SO KPI 2.1.1 Mue tiéu téi wu 2.111 Ving phi séng (dich vu 3G) De mé hinh hoa, ngudi ta thuong str dung li thuyét fuzzy (md) dé x4c dinh kha nang phi séng cia mét diém nhw sau: iaés(2) > (2) °/ crc Vo/ caicsi.th eine O.néu (=) < (=) ? ie y= Votesice — ol corcu.cn Be Cov = trong hc 2.1.1.2. Dung lugng Ham myc tiéu dung lugng cla mang duge dinh nghia nhw sau: Neetts Fook @)= >) Neservea (2:2) k=o trong dé: Noatis : 86 cell trong mang; Naserved : s6 ngudi si +80 ngudi sit dung duge phuc vy trong cell &. Théng lugng cé thé danh gid qua ham sau: % porNeeits sep "(x)= >. Te (23) = voi TPx biéu dién thong lugng trong cell k. ‘ 2.1.1.3 Gidm thiéu sé cell t6i han - Cell tdi han 1a cell voi dung lugng tdi da cho phép va khéng the phyc vu duge thém ngudi sir dung. Thyre 16, cdc nha khai thac thong qui dinh mét ti 1é nhat dinh, theo dé, khi dung lugng cell so voi dung Iuong Ién nhat theo If thuyét Ion hon ti 1¢ nay sé duge coi [a cell t6i han, can phai duge nang cfip, bé sung, tham chi can duge tang curong xy dung cell khac dé hé tra. 2.1.2 Cie tham sb KPI : a Khi danh gid chat lugng mang trén co sé ly thuyet theo ham mue tiéu t6i wu gap nhiéu khé khin, xac dinh chat lugng qua cdc tham so KPI sé mang dén giai phap thye té va kha thi. BO tham sé KPI khuyén nghj dp dung cho mang 3G cla Tap doan VNPT duge trinh bay trong phy luc B. see CAC YEU TO SUY GIAM CHAT LUQNG PHIA MANG TRUY NHAP VO TUYEN VA GIAI PHAP KHAC PHYC 2.2.1 Vang phi yéu Ving phi yeu 1a ving pht cé RSCP (Received Signal Code Power) ctia cac tin hiéu pilot nhé hon -95 dBm [1]. Giai phap: i - Tang céng suat pilot, diéu chinh géc tilt va géc phuong vi cha anten, tang d6 cao anten, sir dung cdc anten cé tang ich cao hon dé t6i uu ving phii séng; - Xay dyng cdc Node B mdi ho&c thém; - Sir dyng RRU, hé théng phan tan trong nha, anten dinh hung. 2.2.2 Ving phit chong lan (Cross-cell) : Ving phii cell chong lan 1a hign tuong ving phi séng cla mGt so Node B vuot qua ké hoach ban dau va lan sang khu vyc phi song cla cell khac. Giai phap: ais edi - V6i ving phi chéng lan cell: ngain chan vigéc truyen tin higu tryc tigp doc theo cdc con dung ho&e giém khu vyc chong lan cell bing cach xoay anten 4@ ving phi cia anten cao bj che chan béi cdc toa nha bén canh; ay - Vi cdc Node B qué cao: do ¢é nhiéu khé khan trong viéc tim kiem cac yj tri méi nén cé thé trigt ti€u ving chéng lin va giam nhé ving phii cia Node B bang cach digu chinh céng suat phat ., Pilot va sir dung géc tilt dién, 2.2.3. Duong lén va duong xudng khong cAn bing Hi¢n tugng duéng lén va dudng xuéng khéng can bang tuong img Oi cac trdng hop sau: > Ving phi during xudng t6t nhung ving phi dudng lén bj han ché. Céng Suat truyen song cua UE lén tdi cyc dai cing van khong dap img cdc yéu cau BLER dudng 1én; ( "> Viing phi dung xuéng bj han ché. Céng suat truyén sng DCH dung xudéng dat t6i cue dai van khéng dap img céc yéu cau BLER duéng xudng. Cée van dé vé mat can bing gitta dudng lén va duéng xudng cé thé duge gidi quyét bang cach thay thé, diéu chinh lai cdc phan tir mang trong hé théng [3]. ; 2.2.4 Nhiéu pilot Nhiéu pilot la hign tugng thita cfc pilot cudng dé tin higu manh tai m6t diém nhung khéng cé pilot so cap ¢6 cudng d6 tin higu di lon. Trong cdc khu vye khéng ¢é cell chi dao, cé thé mé réng ving phi bang cach ting cudng tin hiéu manh tir cdc cell hoac giam ving phi bang cdc gidm tin hiéu tir cdc cell thong qua diéu chinh géc tilt va g6c phuong vi cla anten. 2.2.5 Nhiéu giita cdc hé théng De gidm nhié t6i mite cho phép, nha khai thac phai danh gia va thc hign céc gidi phép lién quan dén phan cach gitta céc hé thong. Duéi day 1a mét sé cdc loai nhiéu cé thé gay ra khi lap dat UMTS va GSM cing vj tri va giai php xir Ii tuong tng: : Nhiéu méy phat/phat xa tap 4m: Nhiéu nén hodc tin higu phat cua he thong A nam trong bang tan thu ctia hé théng B. Phuong an tranh nhieu la ting suy hao ngoai bang cia hé thong A hoac ting sy phan cach gitta 2 hé théng vé mit khong gian hoge bing cach str dung cac b6 diplexer. - Nghén: Cac tin higu ctia hé théng A lam nghén b6 clia hé thong B va nguge lai. Mac dit tan a tin higu ale hé ed ae trong mién phat xa ngoai bang ctia hé théng B, nhung néu nhiing tin higu nay qué manh, bO thu hé théng B van o6 thé bj nghén.8 Phuong an trénh nghén Ia ting kha nang triét nhiéu ngoai bang cilia may thu hé théng B hodc ting sy phan cach gitta 2 hé thng. - Cée thinh phan xuyén diéu ché: Céc thanh phan xuyén digu ché gay nhiéu cho may thu cia mét hogc ca hai hé théng. Cac thanhy phan xuyén diéu ché dirge sinh ra do tinh chat phi tuyén cla cdc thiét bj hé théng (nhw b6 tr6n, b6 khuéch dai va cd cdc connector) trong trudng hop c6 nhiéu tin hiéu manh duge tao ra. Cac tin higu manh cé thé la sng mang khac nhau cia timg hé thong ho&c s6ng mang két hgp tao ra bdi ca hai hé théng. Két ludn Qua chwong nay ching ta thdy myc tiéu ti wu adi voi mang di dong la vimg phi va chat long mang, dich vu. Dé phan anh tiéu chi nay mét cach true quan va chinh xde ngudi ta xdy dung b6 tham s6 KPI. Timg tham s6 cu thé va cdc mite chi tiéu twong tg trong b6 KPI do cdc nha khai théc mang dua ra tity theo nang lv mang, nang luc dau tte va muc tiéu kinh doanh. Xuyén sudt trong qué trinh 16i uu, cdc nha khai thc mang diea trén ham mue tiéu Id bg tham sé chdt long KPI nay dé kiém tra, danh gid, diéu chinh hé thong. Phan tiép theo ctia chwong nay da phdn tich cdc yéu t6 trén thc té anh Ineéng.dén cde ham muc tiéu (ving phi, chdt long mang, chat lugng dich vu) cimg voi mOt 86 gidi phdp dé khac phuc. Tuy nhién viée nhén dang, xdc dinh nguyén nhan dé dua ra gidi phdp ding dan cdn tudn thi theo céc buéc duge trinh bay trong chwong 3. . Chuong 3 XAY DUNG CAC BUOC TAY HIEN TOI UU Giéi thigu Hang nam chi phi cho viée toi uu mang di déng cia VNPT rét lén va thuong phai thué cdc dbi tée nude ngodi. Cling cb mot sé truong hop cdc cong ty thong tin di ding ne 161 uu hodic thué doi téc trong mecc, tuy nhién vigc te t0i wu nay chua mang dén higu qua do nhiéu yéu 16 khac nhau, M6t trong nhiing nguyén nhdn do la chua cé mét trinh ty, _ qui trinh t6i wu thong nhat va bai ban. Churong 3 (va ciing la ni dung chinh cita ludn véin) dé xudt qui trinh thyre hién ti wu cho mang truy nhdp v6 tuyén 3G kém theo mé té va yeu cau déi voi ting buée thc, hi€n. Ngodi ra, trong chwong ndy cing dia ra cde huéng giai quyet mot s6 hién urong Idi thong gdp trong qué trinh 161 wu. Va cudi cing la mét vi du thuc té vé mét die dn toi wu mang di ding 3G dp dung qui trinh trén. QUI TRINH THY HIEN TOI UU TREE meng Uva MET] Bao cao kat qua ti vu Hinh 3.1: Cac buée thye hign t6i wu hé: 3.1.1 Qua trinh chudn bj eo 24Xtcainn |__| 22 Xay dung xb | |2:3 Hoach ann aA lbe M, Ga ee cal ie aa *| vit |-*/"gitun|°—*| ho gi rane | Hinh 3.2: Luu dé thye hign qué trinh chudn bj. 3.1.2 Qué trinh diéu chinh Cluster[3.8 Trdn khal ob ult gain “chu hh aes Hinh 3.3: Luu dé thye hign qua trinh digu chinh 3.1.3 Qué trinh t6i wu Cluster soem I | aan (tisk: Floater | Sa | Hinh 3 Lara ad thye hign aud trinh ¢6i wu 3.1.4 Qua trinh kiém tra mang Hinh 3.5, Luu dé thy hign qué trinh kiém tra 11 XU LY, DIkU CHINH TOI UU PHAN VO TUYEN DE NANG CAO CHAT LUQNG MANG, CHAT LUQNG DICH VU 3G 3.2.1 Didu chinh cdc tham sé c4u hinh anten va cdu hinh phan cing, Cac théng sé cia anten anh hudéng dén ving phi va nhiéu trong mang khi anten bite xa nang lugng. Ngoai cdc tham sé nhu 46 cao, loai anten sit dung, viéc t6i uu cé thé dua trén diéu chinh géc phuong vi va goc ngang. 3.2.2. Diéu chinh tham sé hé thong 3.2.2.1 Phin tich yang phi a. Phdn tich ving phi dung xudng (DL) Phan tich ving phi DL dya trén danh gid mite céng suat thu RSCP trén kénh CPICH trong qua trinh do phi séng. Tiéu chuan chat lugng RSCP cia CPICH duge xc dinh theo yéu cau nhy trong phy luc B. Xac dinh khu vue cé tin higu pilot thAp: Mic RSCP manh nhat thu duge bing scanner ‘trong khu vue phi song phai | l6n hon -95 dBm. Khong cé pilot tréi: Bang chuong trinh xir Ii t6i uu, 06 thé xde dinh phan bé cae cell cé mire pilot lon nhat trong qué trinh do DT. Mét cell duge B01, la khéng c6 pilot tr6i néu trong ving phi séng ctia cell nay, phan bé tin higu pilot lén nhat thay déi nhiéu va lién tuc. Nguyén nhan gay ra hign tugng trén bao gdm: - Ving phi chéng lando site qua cao; - Nhiéu pilot (pilot pollution) trong mét sé khu vire; - Khoang trong ving pht tai ria cac khu vue phi séng. Trong cdc trudng hgp ndi trén, nhiéu cing tin s6 duge tao ra cé thé gay nén hién tong chuyén giao ping-pong va anh hudng dén higu suat cia ving phii phyc vu. Phan tich so sanh ving pha UE va Scanner: Cac van dé nhu thiéu théng tin cell lan cAn, sai thong sé > chuyén giao mém, Iya chon va Iya chon lai cell s€ tao ra sw khong théng nhat gita pilot chu, cha scanner va cell t6t nhat trong ché a6 idle hoac active ctia UE. Néu tdi wu tot, sy chénh Iéch ndi trén sé khong con xuat hign. Viéc so sénh nhu trén cho phé ep cdc vj tri cé ving pha khéng tét hoae cé thé cd cae hién tugng xau, anh hudng dén chat long. b. Phan tich ving phi: dong lén12 Phan tich ving phi uplink 1a phén tich cong suat phat UE trong qua trinh do DT. Tiéu chi dé danh gid cong suat phat UE durgc trinh bay trong phy lye B. Déi véi céc ving cé céng sudt dudng lén cao (duéng 1én x4u), can xéc dinh nguyén nhan lam ting UE do cuéc goi bj roi hay do ving phi dudng lén khéng di r6ng. Sau khi phat hién ving cé nhiéu vj tri duréng 1én xdu, can danh dau va thyc hién cdc phn tich sfu hon bang cach kiém tra mite tin higu RSCP cia kénh CPICH dudng xuéng trong ving dudng lén xu. Néu ca dudng Ién va dudng xuéng déu xu, c6 thé xit If bang giai phap ki thuat déi véi duéng xuéng. Néu chi during lén x4u, during xuéng van tot, vAn dé can duge xir Ii bing cdch diéu chinh gée downtilt, gc phuong vj ctia anten hoc sir dung thém b6 TMA (Tower Mount Amplifier). Phan bé céng suat phat UE: Phan bd céng sudt UE phan anh phan b6 nhiéu va suy hao dudng lén. Vi dy, cOng sudt phét UE binh thudng thap hon 10 dBm. Khi xuat hign nhiéu dudng lén va dang 6 bién ving phu, cOng suat phat UE cé thé ting nhanh én mirc ti da bing 21 dBm (mét sé UE hé try HSDPA thudc nhém céng suat 3 c6 thé phat cong suat lon nhdt la 24 dBm). Vang phi dudng 1én bi han ché dang ké dé xdy ra trong cau hinh mang macro cell hon micro cell. c. Chat leong duong lén va duong xuéng (UL BLER/DL BLER) BLER dudng xuéng va duong lén 1a tham sé cho thdy chat lugng dung truyén v6 tuyén. Yéu cau d6i v6i KPI nay duge trinh bay trong phy luc B. Ban dé mau DL BLER duge trinh bay trong Error! Reference source not found.. DL BLER xdu thudng do nhiing nguyén nhn sau day. - Ec/No kém (nhiéu pilot, pilot pha chdng lan, thiéu lan can, ‘ey - Ving ph kém (RSCP va Ec/No kém) Cai thién RSCP va Ec/No sé dem lai DL BLER théa main tiéu chudn. d. Phan tich van dé nhiéu pilot Nhiéu pilot 14 c6 qua nhiéu pilot tn tai trong cing mot iém nhung khéng pilot nao di manh dé lam pilot chinh. Dinh nghia va anh hu6ng ctia nhiéu pilot da duge trinh bay trong muc2.2.4. Dui day 1a mot sé nguyén nhén khéc gay ra nhiéu pilot: - Phan bé cell khéng phit hop. - Node B qué cao hoac anten dat cao. - Gée phuong vj anten sai. - Goc tilt cua anten sai. iS, - Céng suat kénh PICH sai. = Céc yéu t6 méi trudng xung quanh. Cac yéu t6 méi trong xung quanh. aie eds - Dudng xa hofc séng nude anh hudng dén cae tin higu. - Cac tda nha cao tang phan xa tin higu. Cac giai phap xt If nhiéu pilot: - Diéu chinh anten.. r - Diéu chinh céng suat PICH - Sir dyng RRU hoie micro cell. F 3.2.2.2 Phan tich van dé chuyén giao trong mang UMTS . T6i wu cell lan cn ee a a Vike xéa cell trong tap lan can can duge thye hién mot cach can than, than trong. X6a nham cell lan can can thiét c6 the gay rét cugc gai. Dé thyc hién xéa cell, can tun theo cdc nguyén tac sau; - Truéc khi xéa, kiém tra cdc ban ghi theo doi cac cell lan can xem cac:cell ln cén bj xéa c6 phai duge thém vao trong qua trinh DT va t6i wu lan trudc 46 hay khéng; me ' - Sau khi xda, kiém tra toan dién bao gom DT- va kiem tra chat lugng cudc goi (CQT-call quality test) tai nhing diém quan trong. Néu cé gi bat thudng, khéi phuc lai cau hinh dir ligu cil. b. Xéc dinh hé sé SHO dua trén phan tich két qué do DT ; Theo dit ligu DT cia scanner, c6 thé xac dinh duoc hé so SHO nhu ne 56 Giém scanner thda man Giéu kién chuyén giao poate Pema ee a gl 56 diém scanner do dwoc trong qua trinh do DT 7] k ra é Ac di ié jai doan tdi uu phai nho Hé s6 SHO xac dinh theo dit ligu DT trong giai dc ru phi 6 fon 5%-10% [7] so voi gia tri muc tiéu ctia KPI vi cdc bude toi uu co thé lam tang gia tri hé so SHO. si a i G giai doan cuéi khi t6i wu ving phi trén dién rong ya ti uu nhiéu pilot, hé s6 SHO xac dinh theo dit ligu DT phai gan bang hoae tuong duong voi gid tri muc tiéu, Néu hé sd SHO van khéng théa man yéu cau sau khi diéu chinh dign rong, phai tdi uu hé so SHO xac dinh theo di ligu DT. ' as i Néu hé s6 SHO xac dinh theo dir ligu DT qua lon, can gidm Hose thay déi khu vye chuyén giao bang cdc phuong an nhu: Tang ge tilts Pieu chinh géc phuong vi; Giam d6 cao anten; Gidm cong suat Til chuyén giao mém =14 PICH; 3.2.2.3 Phan tich cdc li truy nhap L6i truy nhap la san pham cia Ii két néi RRC, 13: thié a Oi truy nha . t lap NAS ya 16i thiet lap RAB. Xem cach tinh ty 1é thiét lap cud be thnk oo bat a ay ty l¢ thiet lap cudgc goi thanh céng M6t so truéng hyp gay 16i truy nhgp la: - Van dé phia mang 10i. - Mat lan can. - Nhi€u Pilot/Ving phu hé/Thiéu Pilot chi dao, - Van dé phan ctmg. bb Phin tich vin dé roi cugc goi ot cuge goi roi xuat hién néu két ndi bj ngét bat ky thoi diém na sau khi UE thiét lap ké néi RAB bang cach giri in RAB Setup Complete trén dung. : ee A eee Nhin, A é ga i i aes Bi Ua nhn sau cé thé gay ra roi cudc goi trong mang vé Thiéu lan can. - Cac van dé vé chuén giao. - Ving phi dudng xudng. - Ving phi dung lén. - Nhieu Pilot. - Vung phii chong ln. - Cée van dé vé chon Iai cell. - Xung dot SC - Van de chuyén giao gitta cac RNC. - Van dé phan ctmng.. ane 5 Phan tich van 4 thong lugng trong cic phién dit ligu Pe tiéu o < ah gia thong luong phién dé ligu R99 va HSDPA luge qui dinh nhu trong phy luc B. Luu dd phan ti ié a phan tich phién data duge a. Phan tich R99 DCH Kha nang gay ra thong lugng thdp I6n nhat thuéc vé yéu td vo ng gay ra thd p 16n nhat thugc vé yéu t6 ving phu oe cdc may chit img dung va tai nguyén hé théng. f ae ‘ac nguyén nhan gay ra théng lugng phién data R99 thdp la: = Cell FACH kéo dai. a - Mat lan can (missing neighbor). - Ving phii RF kém. 15 - BLER cao. i ~ Cée chtre ning Rate Switching vi RRM. b. Phan tich phién HSPDA Khi khao sét nhiéu sy kién thong lwong thdp khac nhau can xéc dinh \ vA phan tich thénig!lrgng lién quan dén nhimg hign tugng phd bién, vi du nh ving phi gidi han gay ra thong luong thdp ho&c théng lugng thap tir mét cell hoc site cy thé nao d6. Mét sé nguyén nhan gay ra thong lugng thap trong phién HSDPA 1a: - Khéi d6ng phién TCP cham. - Khéng cé kénh HS-DSCH cap phat. - CQIthap. - DTX%cao. - NACK%. - Mobility. 3.2.3 Dé xuat lap méi/nang cAp céc phan tir trong hé théng Trong trudng hgp tat ca cde bién phdp can thiép, higu chinh phan mém/phan cimg trong hé théng khéng dat két qué mong mudn, thé hign qua b6 tham s6 KPI vin khong dat yéu cau, nha khai théc cin phai thyc hién bd sung, lip méi ho&e nang| cap cac phan tir trong hé théng, dic biét 1a bé sung cp hinh sector ho&c lap tram. mdi. Qua trinh bd sung/nang cAp cAu hinh can duge thye hién can than vi cé thé gay nhiéu sang cdc thiét bj da cé sin. 3.2.4 Lap bao cao Dé két thiic va ting hop céng vige t6i wu, cdn c6 bO hudng din va tap bao céo két qua. Do thoi diém hién tai dang 6 trong qué trinh trién khai ban dau 3G nén viéc xy dung cdc tai liéu ndi trén can hoan thién dan. Trude mit, cn xay dyng cdc huéng dan vé bao cao két qua do/kiém tra cdc chi tiéu KPI nhw duge trinh bay trong phan Phy luc. THI DY THYC TE VE TOI U'U VO TUYEN THEO CAC KPI ' Van dung cdc kién thite c6 duge 6 chuong 1, 2. Dya vao cac trinh ty thu hién t6i wu va cach thir diéu chinh, xir ly nhu trinh bay trong myc 3.3. Nhém thyc hién da giai quyét bai toan t6i wu mang truy nhap v6 tuyén nay nhu sau. Buwée 1. Thu thap thong tin vé mang dang cé: - X4c nhan céc théng s6 ky thuat, cdc tham s6 mang nhu vi tri tram,16 goc ngang, d6 cao antena, géc phuong vi. - Khao sdt méi truéng v6 tuyén khu vyc can t6i uu va cdc diém thudng cé luu lugng cao. Buée 2. Thu thip dir ligu: - Thu thap théng ké Iuu lugng OMCR va sé ligu canh bao: $6 ligu théng ké mite MSC, RNC/BSC, Cell; C4c van dé phan ctmg; Canh bao. - Do hién trudng (Drive test): Chia khu vue va thiét lap c4c nhém do khac nhau. - Thu thap sé ligu phan anh cia khéch hang: Cap nhat hang ngay qua hé théng chim séc khach hang. Bude 3. Phan tich dir ligu: Phan tich dit ligu va dua ra gidi phap t6i uu dya trén chat lugng mang hién tai, s6 ligu théng ké OMC, cac tham sé mang, sé liéu drive test. Phan tich s6 ligu DT truéc t6i uu va dua ra gidi phap tdi wu nhing trudng hgp: - Viing phii t6t nhung chat Iugng kém, dua ra khuyén nghj didu chinh. - Vung phi kém, cc'ydn dé phi chéng lan va khuyén nghi diéu chinh anten. Vung phi kém va khuyén nghj thém céc cell mdi. Phan tich cae tham sé OMC: - Phan tich higu nang, chat lugng mang. - Cafe van dé canh bao va phan cing. - Dung lugng hé théng va khuyén nghj mé rong, Bude 4, Diéu chinh: Sau qué trinh lay s6 ligu, phan tich dinh gid. Nhém thye hign da dé xuat diéu chinh nhw stra cac loi phan cimg va canh bao, diéu chinh goc ngang y va Boe | phuong vi, tdi wu tan sd, t6i wu chuyén giao, t6i uu cac tham sé hé théng cu thé nhu bang 3.5. To c dé xuat diéu chinh 49 847 425 20 15 437 143 7 3 19 545 369 3 2 33 448 172 18 17 17 37 57a | 160 20 8 35 634 242 13 18 22 310 169 18 3 ai 574 9637 3554 243 126 al Bue 5. Drive test va ly sé ligu théng ké sau khi diéu chinh va lap bao céo: a. Két qua do drivie test truée va sau toi wu: Ec/lo truée toi wu EC/fo sau toi wu Hinh 3.18: Két qua driving test trirée vA sau t6i wuie No. Pilot clo No. RSCP Polution 9023 9028 0.78% 70- 601 603 1.50% 9 2009 2009 1.14% 23 5787 99.84% 5787 2538 100.00% 2538 0.63% 16 {Oo ae 2759 99.75% 2759 0.62% 17 1108 4 99.86% 11084 0.69% 7 Bang'3.7: Két qua do cue goi true va sau toi wu 92.04% | 0.96% | 10.00% n/a 100.00% 99.98% 82.35% | 0.00% | 100,00% nfa 10.00% 100.00% 88.89% | 0.00% | 100.00% n/a 100.00% 100.0% 90.99% | 0.00% | 100.00% nfa 10.00% 99.94% 94.97% | 0.00% || 100.00% n/a 10.00% 99.99% 0.00% | 100.0% nfa 100.00% . 99.99% 0.00% | 100.00% n/a 100.00% 99.98% 0.00% | 100.00% na 100.00% 99.99% Opt _. | 93.19% | 0.00% | 100.00% n/a 100.00% 99.99% b. Sé liéu thong ké truéc va sau téi wu Bing 3.8: Téng hgp s6 ligu thong ké OMC true va sau t6i wu Phan logi_| KPI wae mee ae AMR 12.2 [Erlang] 65.05 “isest ast VP (Erlang) 0.14 0.32 '99 DL Throughput(kbps) rat HSOPRDLTrousbpatio) pea | sonra RRC Connection Setup Success Rate(service) [%] 98.85% 99. 31% RRC Connection Setup Success Rate(other) [%] 99.67% 99.71% _AMIR RAB Assignment Success Rate [%] 99.88% 99.89% i Video Call RAB Assignment Success Rate [%] 99.37% 99.85% iccess PS RAB Assignment Success Rate [%] 99.41% 99.63% Soft Handover Factor [3] 32.60% 35.42% f Soft Handover Success Rate [%] 99.94% 99.93% Inter-Freq Hard Handover Success Rate [%] 99.09% 98.72% 19 CS inter-RAT Handover Success Rate [%] 94.16% 95.74% PS Inter-RAT Handover Success Rate [%] 93.03% 93.63% CS AMR Call Drop Rate [%] 1.50% 0.71% VP Call Drop Rate (%] 1.06% 1.01% CDR PS Service Drop Rate [%] 1.16% 0.94% HSDPA RLC Traffic Volume (MBytes) 94806.974 | 199850.31 HSDPA Mean UE 29.54 59.451. Traffic HSDPA RLC Throughput (Mbps) o 0 Access HSDPA RAB Setup Success Rate 99.09% 99.41% HS-DSCH Service Cell Change Success Rate(Wwith SHO) 99.90% 99.89% HS-DSCH Service Cell Change Success Rate(with Intra HHO) 5 HS-DSCH Service Cell Change Success Rate(with Inter HHO) 99.00% 98.21% HS-DSCH to DCH Handover Success Rate 95.67% 99.21% HO DCH to HS-DSCH Handover Success Rate 99.67% 99.27% CDR’ HSDPA Service Drop Rate 1.26% 0.92% Access HSUPA RAB Setup Success Ratio 99.83% 99.94% E-DCH Soft Handover Success Rate 99.89% 99.84% E-DCH Service Cell Change Success Rate with SHO 99.66% 99.95% E-DCH Service Cell Change Success Rate with HO Inter-HHO 99.77% 98.81% ‘COR HSUPA Service Drop Ratio 8.46% 0.74% Két lun Tr rén co sé lam vigc thye té, tim hiéu by thy ét va hoc tap kinh nghiém 16i uu cha méot sO don yj. Voi mong muon cdc can bé kf thudt cua VNPT cé thé tu gici quyét dugc bai todn 16i wu mang thong tin di d6ng qua dé gidm duge chi phiv vén hanh khai théc mang. Trong noi dung chuong nay, em aa dé xudt qui trinh dp dung vao viéc toi uu mang truy nhdp v6 tuyén 3G, bén canh dé la nhimg yéu cdu cu thé cho timg buéc the hién. Ngoai ra, chuwong ndy cing da dua ra huéng gidi quyét doi voi mor s6 16i thong gdp trong mang di déng 3G va vi du mot truong hop t6i uu mang cu the. Qui trinh nay van dang duge tiép tuc hoan thign va con dang trong qua trinh kiem nghiém, vi vay can 6 thém rat nhiéu y kién dong gop b6 xung ciing nhuc thie nghi¢m thém dé cé thé dp dung duge vao viéc 16i uu mang di d6ng thc 1é.20 KET LUAN VA HUONG PHAT TRIEN TIEP THEO D6i v6i mang théng tin di déng ndi riéng va mang di dong 3G név chung, t6i uu mang la viée cn lm thudng xuyén, lién tue dé nang cao chat luong mang — chat lugng dich vu. Trén co sé tim hiéu phan tich ly thuyét, danh gia thyc tién, hoc tap kinh nghiém tdi uu ctia mot sé nha khai thac mang trén thé giéi, lun van da: ~ Nghién ctu nhiing van dé lién quan t6i t6i wu mang truy nhap v6 tuyén d6i vi hé théng 36 WCDMA, ~ Xéy dung quy trinh toi wu mang truy nhap v6 tuyén 3G WCDMA. - Dé ra duge hudng xir ly t6i wu mét cdch bai ban. Dong thoi phan tich duge mét s6 trudng hyp t6i uu dién hinh, hay gp nhu chuyén giao, nhiéu pilot, khai bdo thiéu cell... - Dé xuat giai phap xir ly khdc phuc mét sd hién tugng xau khi tdi uu. Do thy tién cdc mang 3G m6i duge trién khai, céng cuédc téi uu mang truy nhfp v6 tuyén déi véi cdc nha khai théc mang 3G 6 nuéc ta van con dang tiép dién nén céc kinh nghiém dic két duge van cén chua thye sy phong phi. Qui trinh téi uu trong ludn van nay sé can nhiéu y kién déng gép va thir nghiém thém. Tuy nhién, xét trén mot mite dO nao 6, vige xay dung cdc bude thyc hign téi wu 1a mt cé ging va c6 y nghia nhat dinh, budc dau thiét lap mét qui trinh chung dé tir d6 dan dan hoan thign tién t6i 4p dung duge trén thyre té. Ngoai ra, trong giai doan hién nay, luan van van Ia tai ligu tham khao hitu ich cho céc can b6 ky thuat lam cng tac téi uu v6 tuyén 3G, Théng qua qué trinh lam luan van, trong thoi gian téi, nguéi thye Hin sé tiép tuc nghién ciru trén mét sé khia canh-nhu sau: ~ Nghién citu, diéu chinh tham s6 chuyén giao ciia mang 3G cu thé; - Nghién ciru thém cde yéu t6 gay suy giam chat lugng mang truy nhap v6 tuyén. - Tiép tuc nghién ciru hoan thign ngi dung qui trinh cho phi hgp voi diéu kién thy té. - Thir nghigm ap dung vao, cae nhiém vy tdi uu sap téi. Qua kinh nghiém thyc té sé hoan thign qui trinh va tién t6i dé xuat ap dung théng nat vao viéc t6i wu mang truy nhap v6 tuyén 2G/3G cua VNPT.