GLOBALIZATION AND

SUSTAINABILITY
To what extent does
globalization affect
sustainability?

What does sustainability mean?

How are globalization and sustainability

related?

Have efforts to promote sustainability

been successful?

What does sustainability

mean?
Ecological footprint The area of the earths
surface necessary to sustain the level of
resources a person uses and the waste she or
he creates.
Dividing the bioproductive area of Earth by the
total population reveals that 1.89 hectares of
productive area are available per person.
Canadas footprint: 7.25

hectares/person!
70% of the world are below 1.89. The
remaining 30% consume 90%!!

Canada vs. Bangladesh

Canada
Bangladesh
33 100 000 population
147 300 000
population
3.3 persons/sq. km
1023 persons/sq. km
0.88% growth rate
2.09% growth rate
$35200 GDP per
person
$2200 GDP per person
80 year life
62 year life
expectancy
expectancy

The Kogi At The Heart of the

World
The Kogi, who live in the mountains of

northern Columbia, believe they are

responsible for looking after this area,
which they call the heart of the world.
The Kogis message: We Mamas see you
are killing the world by what you do. We
can no longer repair the world. You must.

Sustainability
The Resource Gap: The resources the earth can
supply 1.89 hectares/person and what the world
now consumes 2.8 hectares/person is called
the resource gap. To overcome this gap people
are using up resources that should be left for
future generations.
At some point the earth will not be able to sustain
provide the basic necessities needed to
support life actions like this!
As the world population continues to grow and
people continue to consume more goods, the
larger their ecological footprint grows.

Sustainability
As our ecological footprint grows we are
warned that this will affect Sustainability
the ability of the earth to provide the
resources necessary to meet peoples needs .
People are now promoting the idea of
environmental stewardship, which involves
accepting responsibility for ensuring that the
earths resources remain sustainable .

Life of a Ship
Where are ships built?
Hyundai Heavy Industries South Korea
Launching of a ship - Korea

Environmental impact of shipbuilding

See page 266

Ships and the

Environment
Ships and the Environment
Ships use just 3% of the fossil fuels
consumed globally, but they emit about
15% of the worlds nitrogen and sulfur
dioxide.
A single container ship creates as much
pollution as 2000 diesel trucks.
Flags of convenience

Disposing of Old Ships

Disposing of Old Ships
Death of a ship
When ships are broken apart hazardous
materials are released in to the environment. As
a result fishing and farming near shipbreaking
beaches becomes impossible.
An average of one death occurs in shipbreaking
yards every day and one of every four workers
will die of cancer caused by workplace exposure.

The Kyoto Protocol

Signed in 1997 in Kyoto, Japan by 141

countries
Goal: to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to
5.2% below 1990 levels by 2012.
In 2004, Canadas emissions were 27% higher
than 1990 levels.
Canada has made NO progress toward
achieving its Kyoto targets.
Kyoto now!
Canada and Kyoto? David Suzuki interview

Alberta Tar Sands

Problem currently a huge source of greenhouse gases and

production is scheduled to increase FIVE TIMES!

Goals to lower energy needed to extract oil, to save on
production costs, to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions.
Actions many new methods of extraction are being tried.
Successes royalties from the tar sands are invested in
projects and programs that benefit all Albertans.
Barriers high cost and unresolved environmental concerns
make many investors suspicious. At the same time the
worlds supply of crude oil is running out and new sources
are needed.
Extra:
You Tube - Alberta Oil Sands
YouTube - On The Map with Avi Lewis: Alberta Oil Sands

Alternative Energy Sources

Problems Alternative such as solar and wind power

have fewer environmental impacts but are developing
slowly.
Goals to replace fossil fuels with a mix of alternative
energy sources. In addition there would be a focus on
reducing energy consumption.
Actions retrofitting buildings to use green energy
resources and developing new buildings with a mix of
energy sources.
Successes wind farms are gaining popularity and the
cost of producing solar energy cells is dropping.
Barriers prices for alternative sources remain higher
than that of conventional sources. Solar and wind do not
supply continuous energy so a means of energy storage
is also needed.

Wangari Maathai
Green Belt Movement
First African woman to

win the Nobel Peace Prize

Founded the Green Belt
Movement which has
planted 30 million trees in
Africa since 1977.
tree planting is the
focus.but the actual
transformation is in the
individual