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LATIHAN STRUKTUR SPM GEOGRAFI KERTAS 2

1.
LULUHAWA

X Y Z

a. Namakan tiga jenis luluhawa dan contohnya

X - ……………………………………………………...……………………………………………………

Y - ……………………………………………………………………...………………………………........

Z - …………………………………………………………………………………………………………....

b. Nyatakan agen luluhawa di kawasan batu kapur.

...............................................................................................................................................................................................................

2. TINDAKAN OMBAK

P Q
a. Namakan jenis tindakan ombak dan dua contoh bentuk muka bumi yang terbentuk

P - ........................................................................ contoh: ............................................................................

Q - ........................................................................ contoh :.............................................................................

b. Nyatakan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tindakan ombak di pinggir pantai

..................................................................................................................................................................................................................

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3. JENIS BATUAN

BATUAN IGNEUS BATUAN ENAPAN BATUAN X

a. Namakan batuan X
..................................................................................................................................................................................................................

b. Berikan dua ciri-ciri batuan igneus

i)................................................................................ii) ..................................................................................

c. Berikan dua ciri-ciri batuan enapan

i)................................................................................ii) ..................................................................................

d. Berikan dua ciri-ciri batuan X

i)................................................................................ii) ..................................................................................

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PERGERAKAN BUMI
4.

X Y
a. Nyatakan jenis pergerakan bumi

X - ......................................................................... Y- ...............................................................................

b. Nyatakan fenomena yang berlaku akibat pergerakan bumi

X - ...................................................................................................................................................................

Y - ...................................................................................................................................................................

5.a. Namakan tiga unsur cuaca

i. ....................................................... ii ................................................... iii...............................................

b. Nyatakan fungsi alat-alat berikut:

i. Tolok Hujan - .............................................................................................................................................

ii. Anemometer - ............................................................................................................................................

iii. Jangka Suhu - ............................................................................................................................................

iv. Penunjuk arah angin - ...............................................................................................................................

c . Beri dua sebab alat Pelindung Stevenson diletakkan kira-kira 1 meter dari permukaan
bumi
i. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................

ii. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................

d. Mengapakah dinding alat Pelindung Stevenson berbentuk ram

....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

6. a. Terangkan proses pembentukan terumbu karang

...................................................................................................................................................................................................................

b. Senaraikan lima faktor yang menggalakkan pembentukan terumbu karang

....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

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c. Nyatakan lima kepentingan laut dan lautan

...............................................................................................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................................................................................

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Rajah 1

7. a. Tindakan air mengalir yang utama di peringkat I dan II dalam rajah di atas ialah

i) peringkat I - ..........................................................................................................................................

ii) peringkat II - ........................................................................................................................................

b. Nyatakan bentuk muka bumi yang terhasil dari tindakan air mengalir di peringkat I
i) ........................................................... ii) ............................................................. iii) .....................................................................

c. Nyatakan bentuk muka bumi yang terhasil dari tindakan air mengalir di peringkat III
i) .............................................................. ii) ............................................................ iii) ......................................................................

d. Ciri fizikal yang menyebabkan kawasan X di Malaysia sesuai untuk penanaman padi ialah

i) ...................................................................................................................................................................
ii) ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................

X Y
Rajah 2
8. Rajah di atas menunjukkan dua jenis bentuk kun gunung berapi iaitu X dan Y.
a. Nyatakan bentuk kun gunung berapi X dan Y

X - ...................................................................... Y- ..............................................................................

b. Nyatakan jenis lava yang membentuk gunung berapi X dan Y.

X - ...................................................................... Y- ..............................................................................

c. Nyatakan tiga ciri lava yang membentuk kun gunung berapi X

i. ............................................................................................ iii ......................................................................................................

ii. .............................................................................................

d. Nyatakan tiga ciri lava yang membentuk kun gunung berapi Y

i. ......................................................................... iii .................................................................................

ii. .........................................................................

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Rajah 3
9. a. Berdasarkan rajah di atas namakan srtuktur P, Q dan R.

i) P - ........................................... ii) Q - .......................................... iii) R - ..........................................

b. Namakan agen luluhawa utama di kawasan batu kapur

..................................................................................................................................................................................................................

c. Nyatakan proses luluhawa kimia yang membentuk pandang darat dalam rajah di atas
................................................................................................................................................................................................................

d. Nyatakan dua ciri iklim yang mempengaruhi luluhawa tersebut

i) .............................................................................................................................................................................................................

ii) ............................................................................................................................................................................................................

e. Berikan dua contoh gua batu kapur di Malaysia

i) .............................................................................................. ii) ......................................................................................................

IV

I III
matahari

II
Rajah 4 : Pergerakan Bumi

9. a. Pergerakan bumi mengelilingi matahari seperti rajah di atas dikenali sebagai ..............................................

b. Satu pusingan lengkap bumi mengelilingi matahari akan mengambil masa selama .....................................

c. Kedudukan bumi pada I dan IV berlaku pada bulan :

i) I - .............................................................. ii) IV - .................................................................

d. Nyatakan musim yang terjadi apabila bumi berada di kedudukan III

i) Hemisfera utara - .................................................................................................................................

ii) Hemisfera selatan - .................................................................................................................................

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e. Nyatakan empat kesan pergerakan bumi seperti dalam rajah di atas.
i) ............................................................................................................................................................................................................

ii) ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................

iii) ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................

iv) ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................

Rajah 5
10. a. Namakan bentuk-bentuk muka bumi jalar dalam P, Q, R , S dan T

i) P - ............................................................. iv) S - ....................................................................

ii) Q - ............................................................. v) T - ....................................................................
iii) R - ………………………………………..

b. Bezakan magma dan lava

i) magma ………………………………………………………………………………………………….

ii) Lava …………………………………………………………………………………………………….

c. Berikan dua jenis lava.

i) ………………………………………………. ii) ………………………………………............….

Helang

Ular

Ikan Karnivor

Belalang

Pokok Bakau

Ekosistem P
11. Berdasarkan rajah di atas
a. Namakan ekosistem P
................................................................................................................................................................
b. Nyatakan
i) Pengguna Primer - ............................................................................................................................

ii) Pengguna Sekunder - ..........................................................................................................................

iii) Pengguna Tertier - ..............................................................................................................................

c. Jelaskan maksud dan berikan contohnya

i) Pengguna Primer - ...............................................................................................................................

ii) Pengguna Sekunder - ..........................................................................................................................

iii) Pengguna Tertier - ..............................................................................................................................

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Bulan
J F M A J J O S O N D
M
Stesen P oC 26 26 26 27 27 28 28 27 27 27 26 26
Stesen Q oC 17 17 18 18 19 20 19 19 18 18 18 17
Suhu Tahunan di Stesen P dan Stesen Q

12. Jadual di atas menunjukkan suhu tahunan di Stesen P dan Stesen Q ada tahun 1988.
a. Kirakan julat suhu tahunan bagi kedua-dua stesen tersebut.

i) P = ................................................................ ii) Q = .......................................................................

b. Kirakan min suhu tahunan bagi kedua-dua stesen tersebut.

i) P = ................................................................ ii) Q = .......................................................................

c. Nyatakan perbezaan suhu tahunan di kedua-dua stesen tersebut

.........................................................................................................................................................................................................

Rajah 6
13. Berdasarkan rajah diatas
a. Nyatakan bentuk muka bumi

i) X - ...................................................................... ii) Y - ...................................................................

b. Jenis Batuan

i) X - ...................................................................... ii) Y - ……………………………………………

c) Namakan agen hakisan tersebut

........................................................................................................................................................................................................
d) Berikan tiga potensi ekonomi bagi kawasan tersebut
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................................................................

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Rajah 7
14. a. Berdasarkan rajah di atas, huraikan proses pembentukan hujan.
.......................................................................................................................................................................................................

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Rajah 8
b.i) Berdasarkan rajah di atas, nyatakan dan jelaskan maksud fenomena tersebut
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................

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ii) Nyatakan lima faktor fenomena tersebut
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Rajah 9
c.i) Nyatakan fenomena yang berlaku berdasarkan rajah di atas
.................................................................................................................................................................................................................
ii) Nyatakan faktor-faktor kejadian tersebut
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
c. i) Jelaskan maksud jerebu
..................................................................................................................................................................................................................
ii) Nyatakan faktor-faktor kejadian jerebu
....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

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Rajah 10
15. a. Berdasarkan rajah di atas, namakan bentuk muka bumi X
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................

b. Bagaimanakah bentuk muka bumi X terbentuk?

.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................

c. Berikan dua proses pembentukannya

i) .................................................................................................... ii)......................................................................................................

d. Nyatakan tiga bentuk muka bumi hasil pemendapan oleh sungai

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i) ................................................. ii) .................................................. iii) .............................................

P Q
16.a. Namakan bentuk muka bumi P dan Q

i.) P ........................................................................... ii) Q .............................................................................

b.Berikan dua contoh bentuk muka bumi P yang menjadi tarikan pelancong

i) ................................................................................. ii) ...............................................................................

c. Nyatakan sebab Malaysia tidak mengalami letusan Gunung berapi

.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................

P Q
17 a. Namakan alat P dan Q

i) Alat P ialah .................................................... ii) Alat Q ialah .................................................................

b. Huraikan kegunaan alat tersebut

i) Alat P ...........................................................................................................................................................

ii) Alat Q .........................................................................................................................................................

b. Mengapakah sebahagian alat Q ditanam di dalam tanah

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