METODE GRAVITY

((01 PENDAHULUAN))
Rachman K.
Laboratorium Geofisika Unhas

Referensi utama:
http://www.mines.edu/fs_home/tboyd/GP311/MODULES/GRAV/main.html

METODE GRAVITY
Metode gravity (gravitasi, gaya berat):
metode survey geofisika yang mengukur
densitas bawah permukaan bumi.
Metode ini didasarkan pada Hukum
Newton mengenai gravitasi.

DASAR TEORI

m1m2
F =G 2
r
M em
F = ma = mg = G 2
R
Me
g=G 2
R

Berat
m
M
F
R
bumi

berat (W)

GMm
W=F=
2
R

massa bumi
b i

massa benda

GMm
W =
2
R
berat benda
jari-jari bumi
M = 6 x 1024 kg

Satuan

Satuan

Densitas vs g

d vs g

Percepatan Gravitasi

Percepatan Gravitasi

Kontras Densitas

Kontras Densitas

Variasi Material Bumi

Benda Sederhana

Pengukuran Gravitasi
Pengukuran benda jatuh
Pengukuran pendulum
Pengukuran massa pada pegas

Benda Jatuh

Pendulum
l
T = 2
g

Massa pada Pegas

Fall of mass absolute gravity

instrument

Precise to ~3 microgals.

Worden Gravitymeter

Lacoste-Romberg Gravitymeter

Scintrex AutoGrav

Survey Pengukuran

Aplikasi Geoteknik

Teknik dan Target

Geofisika Permukaan

Useful References

Burger, H. R., Exploration Geophysics of the Shallow Subsurface, Prentice Hall P T

R, 1992.
Robinson, E. S., and C. Coruh, Basic Exploration Geophysics, John Wiley, 1988.
Telford, W. M., L. P. Geldart, and R. E. Sheriff, Applied Geophysics, 2nd ed.,
Cambridge University Press, 1990.
Cunningham, M. Gravity Surveying Primer. A nice set of notes on gravitational theory
and the corrections applied
pp
to g
gravity
y data.
Wahr, J. Lecture Notes in Geodesy and Gravity
Hill, P. et al. Introduction to Potential Fields: Gravity. USGS fact sheet, written for the
general public, on using gravity to understand subsurface structure.
B k
Bankey,
V and
V.
dP
P. Hill
Hill. P
Potential-Field
t ti l Fi ld C
Computer
t P
Programs, D
Databases,
t b
and
dM
Maps.
USGS fact sheet describing a variety of resources available from the USGS and the
NGDC applicable for the processing
of gravity observations.
NGDC Gravity Data on CD-ROM, land gravity data base at the National Geophysical
Data Center. Useful for estimating regional gravity field.
Glossary of Gravity Terms.