10 grams (0.556 moles) of ice at 0 C is placed in 50 grams (2.

777 moles) of water initially at 80

C. The ice melts completely. Assuming that the container is adiabatic and at constant pressure,
calculate the final temperature of the water and the overall entropy change for the process.
We need to do this in three steps:
1) Cool the 50 g of water in the glass to 0 C:
q1 = CPT = (2.777 moles)(75.5 J/(K mole))(0 - 80 K) = -16800 J
S1 = CPln(Tf/TI) = (2.777moles)(75.5 J/(K mole)) ln(273.2/(273.2+80)) = -53.84 J/K
2) Melt the ice at 0 C:
q2 = Hfus = (0.556 moles)(6008 J/mole) = 3340 J
S2 = q2/T = 12.2 J/K
3) Warm back up to final temperature:
The overall process is adiabatic at constant pressure. Since at constant pressure H = q, we know
that the overall H must be equal to the overall q. For an adiabatic system, the overall q is 0 so
the overall enthalpy change must be zero. At each step the enthalpy change is q (all are done at
constant pressure) so the sum of all the q's must be zero. Therefore, q3 = -(q1 + q2) = 13460. From
this we can calculate the final temperature as
273.2 + q3/CP =273.2 + 13460/(75.5J/(K mole))/(3.333 moles) = 326.7 K. Note that all the water
(including the original ice) had to be warmed back up, so the number of moles was the sum of
the 10 g ice and 50 g water. Now that we know the temperature, we can calculate the entropy
change:
S3 = CPln(TF/TI) = (3.333 mole)(75.5 J/(Kmole)) ln(326.7/273.2) = 45.0 J/K
Finally, SSYS= S1 + S2 + S3 = 3.3 J/K
We can see that since the process is adiabatic, the entropy change of the surroundings is zero and
therefore the entropy change of the system is the total entropy change. In agreement with our
common experience, the total entropy change is positive and thus the melting of the ice is
spontaneous.