E. System Bilangan ..........................................................................................................

12
1. Definisi .......................................................................................................................... 12
2. Teori Bilangan .............................................................................................................. 12
a. Sistem Bilangan Desimal ......................................................................................... 12
b. Sistem Bilangan Biner .............................................................................................. 13
c. Sistem Bilangan Oktal .............................................................................................. 13
d. Sistem Bilangan Hexadesimal ................................................................................. 13
3. Konversi Systen Bilangan ............................................................................................ 14
a. Konversi dari bilangan desimal ................................................................................ 14
b. Konversi dari bilangan biner .................................................................................... 15
c. Konversi dari bilangan oktal .................................................................................... 16
d. Konversi dari bilangan hexadesimal ....................................................................... 17
PERANGKAT KERAS (HARDWARE) ............................................................................. 19
A. Arsituktur Komputer.....................................................................................................

19

B. Komponen Perangkat Keras ....................................................................................... 21

1. Input dan Output Device ......................................................................................... 22
a. Input Device......................................................................................................... 22
b. Output Device ..................................................................................................... 27
2. CPU dan Main Memory / Primary Storage .............................................................. 32
a. Microprocessor .................................................................................................... 34
b. Faktor faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi Kecepatan Proses ........................... 35
c. Beberapa Istilah pada teknologi processor ......................................................... 35
d. Main Memory ...................................................................................................... 37
3. Secondary Storage ................................................................................................. 42
a. Magnetic Tape ....................................................................................................

43

b. Magnetic Disk ..................................................................................................... 43

c. Optical Storage ................................................................................................... 44
d. USB Flash drive (UFD) ....................................................................................... 46
PERANGKAT LUNAK (SOFTWARE) .............................................................................

48

A. Definisi ........................................................................................................................ 48
B. System Software ......................................................................................................... 49
1. Operating System .................................................................................................... 50
2. Language Translator ................................................................................................ 54
3. Utility Program .......................................................................................................... 56
C. Application Software...................................................................................................... 57
1. Bahasa Pemrograman .............................................................................................. 57

2. Program Paket ............................................................................................................

60

KOMUNIKASI DATA DAN JARINGAN ............................................................................ 62

A. Sistem Komunikasi Data .............................................................................................. 62
B. Komponen Sistem Komunikasi Data ............................................................................ 64
1. Communication Control Unit .................................................................................... 64
2. Terminal .................................................................................................................... 65
3. Communication Channel ........................................................................................... 66
a. Kabel Telepon (telephone wire pairs)..................................................................... 66
b. Kabel kawat terpilin (twisted wire) ......................................................................... 66
c. Kabel koaksial (coaxial cable) ............................................................................... 67
d. Serat optik (fiber optical) ....................................................................................... 69
e. Gelombang pendek (microwave) .......................................................................... 70
4. Communication Processor......................................................................................... 70
a. Modem .................................................................................................................. 70
b. Multiplexer ............................................................................................................. 71
c. Concentrator .......................................................................................................... 71
5. Communication Software........................................................................................... 72
C. Tujuan dan Fungsi Sistem Komunikasi Data ................................................................ 72
D. Jaringan Komputer ........................................................................................................ 73
1. Jaringan menurut Area .............................................................................................. 73
2. Topologi jaringan ....................................................................................................... 75
a. Topologi Bus ....................................................................................................... 76
b. Topologi Star ...................................................................................................... 77
c. Topologi Ring ...................................................................................................... 78
d. Topologi pada Jaringan Wireless ........................................................................ 79
3. Standarisasi Wireless Network .................................................................................. 80
a. IEEE 802.11a ...................................................................................................... 81
b. IEEE 802.11b ...................................................................................................... 81
c. IEEE 802.11g ...................................................................................................... 81
d. IEEE 802.11n ...................................................................................................... 81
4. Pengalamatan Jaringan Komputer ............................................................................ 82
a. IP Address .......................................................................................................... 82
b. Computer Name (Nama Komputer) .................................................................... 85
5. Mode Transmisi ......................................................................................................... 86
a. Parallel Transmission .......................................................................................... 86
b. Serial Transmission ............................................................................................ 86

a. Simplex Transmission (Transmisi Simpleks) ...................................................... 87

b. Half Duplex Transmission (Transmisi Setengah Dupleks) ................................. 87
c. Full Duplex Transmission (Transmisi Dupleks Penuh) ....................................... 88
INTERNET ........................................................................................................................ 91
A. Definisi .......................................................................................................................... 91
B. Sejarah Singkat ............................................................................................................ 91
C. Koneksi ke Internet ...................................................................................................... 93
D. Aplikasi Internet ........................................................................................................... 97
E. Metode Pengalamatan Internet ................................................................................... 104
F. e-Commerce, e-Banking dan e-Government ............................................................... 106
H. Cloud Computing ......................................................................................................... 113
Disk Operating System (DOS) .......................................................................................... 117
A. Definisi DOS ................................................................................................................. 117
B. Command Prompt ......................................................................................................... 117
C. File dan Folder .............................................................................................................. 118
1. Nama File (File Name) .............................................................................................. 119
2. Path ........................................................................................................................... 119
3. Ukuran File (File Size) ............................................................................................... 120
4. Tipe File (File Type) ................................................................................................... 120
D. Perintah pada DOS ....................................................................................................... 120
1. Perintah Internal (Internal Command) ....................................................................... 120
2. Perintah Eksternal (External Command) ................................................................... 120
Microsoft Excel 2010 ......................................................................................................... 123
A. Definisi .......................................................................................................................... 123
B. Membuka Excel ............................................................................................................ 124
C. Mengenal Jendela Excel 2010 ..................................................................................... 126
1. Quick Access Toolbar .............................................................................................. 126
2. Tabs ......................................................................................................................... 126
3. Ribbon Command ................................................................................................... 126
4. Name Box ............................................................................................................... 127
5. Formula Bar.............................................................................................................

128

6. Worksheet ............................................................................................................... 128

7. Workbook Tab ........................................................................................................

128

8. Status Bar ............................................................................................................... 128

9. Scroll bar ................................................................................................................

128