Experient 1

APPLIED PHYSICS
TRANSFORMER

1.1

OBJECTIVES
Measuring the secondary voltage of an unloaded transformer as function of the primary
voltage for several ratios of windings between primary and secondary coil.

1.2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

1.3
1.
2.
3.
4.

SAFETY NOTES:
Increase AC voltages on the transformer only gradually; do not apply higher voltages directly.
Avoid overheating of the transformer.
Maximum permissible AC voltage per winding 15 V AC.
Maximum permissible power consumption 40 W.
Make connections carefully and call teacher to check the connections before turning on the
power supply.
EQUIPMENTS/ REQUIREMENTS:
1 AC power supply
1 Transformer Pannel.
2 Multimeter
6 Connecting lead 100 cm black

1.4
THEORY:
A transformer usually consists of two coils which are inductively coupled by an iron core. Transformers
are used to change the voltage amount of alternating currents. The frequency of the voltage is not
changed by the conversion. Input voltage is applied to 'primary' coil, while the output is measured
across 'secondary' coil. The alternating current in the primary coil induces an alternating magnetic flux
that 'flows' around the ferromagnetic core. The alternating flux in the core in turn induces an
alternating current in the secondary coil. The output voltage of transformer depends on the ratio of
number of turns. i.e.
U1/U2=N1/N2
U1: voltage of primary coil ,
U2: voltage of secondary coil
N1: number of turns of primary coil,
N2: number of turns of secondary coil
1.5

REFERENCES:
1. Physics by Halliday Resnick and Krane
2. Fundamental of Physics by Halliday Resnick and Walker.
3. Text book of Electrical Technology by B.L.Theraja

1.6

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP:

Lab Instructor Arshia Aijaz

Page|11

APPLIED PHYSICS

Experient 1

1.7

PROCEDURE:
1. Connect the low voltage power supply, and the voltmeters to the Transformer for students
experiments as shown in Fig. 1. It is recommended to start with the ratio N P : Nsec of
150:150 as depicted in setup b) of Fig. 2.
2. Set the input voltage Vin =2V and measure the output voltage Vout.
3. Repeat this experiment for all possible combination of the number of turns for N P=150,
300, 450, 600 and Nsec =150, 300, 450, 600.

1.8

OBSERVATIONS:
Vin = 2V

1.9

NP

Nsec

150
150
150
150
300
300
300
300
450
450
450
450
600
600
600
600

150
300
450
600
150
300
450
600
150
300
450
600
150
300
450
600

Vout (Volts)

RESULT AND DISCUSSION:

Lab Instructor Arshia Aijaz

Page|12

NP / Nsec

Vin/ Vout