Pengertian Limit
Limit (f(x)
x a
Limit (f(x)
x a
x a
x a
x a
x a
x a
x a
Limit
f(x)
x
a
f
(
x
)
Limit
x a g(x) Limit
x a g(x)
Limit f(x) n Limitf(x)
= x a
x a
Limit k
x a
n
. f(x) = xLimit
k. a f(x)
Limit n
x a f(x)
Limit
= n x a f(x)
Limit 1
x f(x) =
Jika xLimit
f(x) =
Limit 1
x f(x) =
maka
maka
Limit f ( x )
= 2.1 + 1= 2 +
x 1
1=3
Jika dengan substitusi menghasilkan
0
,
bentuk
atau ( ), maka
0
tak
dipakai
caratentu :
lain.
=
=
2
2
=
x
0
x0
2
2x
2
2x
10
)
11
)
2
x
x 2
Limit
x 2 x 2 2x
Limit 2
x 2 x 2
Limit ( x 1) ( x 2)
x2
x ( x 2)
x 4
2 1
2
Limit 2( x 2) 8
x 2 ( x 2)( x 2)
2
2x 4
Limit
Limit
x 2 ( x 2)( x 2)= x 2 ( x 2)
1
2
=
=2
22
3
2
12
)
6
2
Limit
x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2
=
13
)
14
)
4 2x
Limit
x 2 ( x 2)( x 1)
3
Limit x 8
x 2 x 2
Limit
x 1
Limit 2
= x 2 x 1
Limit ( x 2)( x 2 x 4 )
= x 2
x2
=4+4+4=
10
12
x 1
x 1
9
Limit 6 2( x 1)
x 2 ( x 2)( x 1)
Limit ( x 1)( x x x x x x x x x 1)
x 1
x 1
= 10
=
=
= x 3 (2 x 1)( x 3)
( 2 2)
4
18
)
Limit
x 0
3x
Limit
= x 0
9x 9x
Limit 3 x( 9 x 9 x )
x 0 (9 x ) (9 x )
3 x( 9 x 9 x )
2
x
3(3 3 )
2
=9
9 (x2 7)
Limit
Limit 3 x 7
19 x 4 x2 2x 8 =x 4 (x 4)(x 2)(3 x2 7)
)
2
16
x
Limit
=x 4 (x 4)(x 2)(3 x2 7)
(x 4)(x 4)
Limit
= x 4
(x 4)(x 2)(3 x2 7)
(x 4)
(4 4)
=
= Limit
2
x 4 (x 2)(3 x 7) (4 2)(3 42 7)
20
)
Limit ax 2a
x 2 2x x
2
=
9
Limit a( x 2)( 2x x )
=x2
x(2 x )
a( 2 2)
= 2
=
2a
a=
2
Menentukan Limit
Tak Hingga
Untuk menentukan limit tak hingga bisa
kita pakai
salah satu atau ketiga cara di atas.
Contoh : UK 1 no :
2
5
3
x (4
)
22 , 23 4x 3 2x 5
2
3
Limit
x
x
22 Limit
=
3
2
x
x
1 6
2
x
6
)
x 3 (1
)
400
= 1 0 0 =
3 4
x3
2 2
x ( 5)(1 )
2
(
4
5
x
)(
x
2
)
5
x
x
Limit
23 Limit
=
x ( 4 x 8)( x 2)2 x 3
8
2 2 = 4
)
x ( 4 )(1 )
x
x
Contoh : UK 1 B no :
3
5b , 5c
3
2
x
2x
Limit
5b Limit
x
2 =x x3 ( 3 4 1 )
3 4x x
)
x3 x2 x
Limit 3
=x (
3
2
4
1
)
2 x
x
5c Limit x 5 = xLimit
x
2
3x 2
)
x2
x
2
x (3
2
x
=
0
Rumus :
Jika f(x) dan g(x) suatu polinom dengan
koefisien x
pangkat tertinggi
a g(x
= 0 ; masing-masing
jika derajat f(x)adalah
< derajat
Limit f(x)
a
dan
x p,g(xmaka
) =p
3
6
x
5x 4
Limit
x (x2 3x)(1 2x)
3
(
x
5)(x 4)
Limit
x (x2 3)(x 2)
=
3
Limit
x
x2 2x 3
2
x 4
=0
)
2
2
(
x
5
)
(
x
2x 3)
Limit
= x
2
2
x x 5 x 2x 3
Limit
= x
3x 2
x2 x 5 x2 2x 3
3
3
=
1 1
2
Rumus
:
Limit
x
ax bx c px qx r
b q
jika a = p
=
2 a
= ; jika a p
24
)
Contoh : UK 1 no :
27
Limit ( x 2)
x
Limit
x
2 1
x2 2
x 4x 4 x 2
= 40 = 2
Contoh : UK 1B
no : 6a
Limit 2x 1
x
= Limit
x
Contoh :
4x x 2
4 x 4 x 1 4 x x 2 = 4 1 = 5
4
2 4
Limit
=
x
LIMIT FUNGSI
TRIGONOMETRI
Perhatikan gambar di
P
samping !
Jika koordinat A(1 , 0) dan
AOP = t (dlm radian) ,
t
maka
O
P( cos t , sin t )
T( 1 , tan t )
Luas AOP = alas tinggi = sin t
Luas
Luas juring
AOP
sehingga AOP
:
Luas
AOT
T
P
sint
sint
t
2 cost
t
2
2
A
O
untuk t positip
maka
sint
sint :
1 t cost
t
Jika t mendekati nol maka cos t mendekati
1, sehingga
sin
t
sin: t
1
t
t
Limit sint
Dari hal tersebut diperoleh t 0
= 1
t
rumus :
sint
= tan t sin t = tan t cos t ,
cost
sehingga untuk
t mendekati nol ( cos t 1 ) , maka
sin t = tan t
Limit tant
t 0
Limit tant
t 0
t
= tLimit
0 tant
= 1
= 1
Perhatikan langkah-langkah
penyelesaian sbb :
Limit tanax
Limit a tanax
x 0 bx = x 0 b ax
a Limit tanax a
= x 0
=
b
ax
b
2
2
sin
ax
a
Limit
Limit sinax sinax
x 0 bx2 = x 0 b ax
ax
2
2
sin
ax
sin
ax
a
a
Limit
Limit
=
=
b x 0 ax x 0 ax
b
sin ( + x ) = cos x
cos ( x ) = sin x
cos ( + x ) = sin
Contoh untuk x 0 ( UK 2 no :
3,4,7,9)
3 ) Limit x cos2x = Limit x cos2x = 1
x 0 sinx
x 0 sinx
2
x(5x 2)
2
5
x
2
x
2
Limit
Limit
=
4)
= x 0 sin5x tan2x =
5 2
x 0 sin5x tan2x
3
sinx sin5x
1 5
Limit
9)
=
= 1
x 0
6x
6
Limit sin(x a)
=1
x a x a
Untuk x a
maka
karena jika x = a maka x
a=0
Conto
h
1
Limit sin(x 2) = Limit sin(x 2) = 1
=
x 2 (x 2)(x 2)
x 2 x2 4
2 2 4
Limit tan(3x ) cos2x
2 =
=
cos
x 3
3
sin(3x )
(UK 2 no
19 )
(UK 2 no 14 , 16)
(x 10) sin(x 6)
Limit
14
x 6
x2 36
2
(
x
16 Limit 1) sin2(x 1)
2
x
2
sin
(x 1)
)
6 10 1
=
=
3
6 6
(x 1)(x 1) sin2(x 1)
Limit
=
x 1 2sin(x 1) sin(x 1)
(1 1)2
=
=2
2
1
4
Limit
2
sin
2x
Limit
=
6 ) x 0 x tan2x = x 0
x tan2x
2
= 2
1 cos ax = 2 sin2 ax
2
2
cos
2
x
cos
x
sin
x
Limit
Limit
12 x cosx sinx =x cosx sinx
4
4
)
(cosx sinx)(cosx sinx)
Limit
=
cosx sinx
x 4
2
=cos4 sin4 = 1
2
1 2=
2
20 Limit
sin
(
x)
tan
(x
x
4 + )
)
1
Limit sin(4 x)
tan (x + )
=
x tan(x 1 )
4
4
= tan ((x ) +
=1
)
1
tan(x )
= ctan(x ) =