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Page | 8

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Page | 9

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Page | 10

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Page | 11

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Page | 12

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Page | 13

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Page | 14

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Page | 15

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Page | 16

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Page | 17

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Page | 22

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Page | 23

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yrmwpfckjzifh &Sif;vif;jyygtHh/

Page | 24

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qefaomb0 jzpfonf/ Iwfcsjypfwif ypfy,faomb0 jzpfonf/

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b0ordkif;
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(abuG e f \ pmayavh v mjcif ; pmwrf ; rS )

Page | 26

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Page | 27

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Page | 28

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Page | 29

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Page | 30

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b0u vHk;0zrf; pm; tkyfpD;oGm;NyD jzpfavonf/

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Page | 34

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oifhudk,fudk oifodyg (Know
thyself)

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Page | 35

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Page | 36

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mrIrsm; jzpfyGm;vmonf/

Page | 37

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Page | 38

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m; xyfxyf Murf; vmcJhonfrSm dkif;pdkif;rIrsm;aMumifh r[kwfygavm/
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if;b0om;rSeforQwdkYtwGuf vrf;pOfjzpfcJh&ayonf/
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tdkif; Oya'onf qufvuf&Sifoefae&oenf;/
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arG;rIudk ausmcdkif;EdkifcJhNyDjzpfaomfvnf; tjyKtrl,Ofaus;rIudk r&&Sdao;onfhtwGufaomfum; dkif;pkdif;rIrsm;udk vGwfvGwfpGefYcGmEdkifjcif; r&Sdao;bJ jzpfae&onf/
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wufoavmuf tjyKtrl,Ofaus;rIwGif aemufusaecJhonf/
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&SdcJhygonf/ owfjcif;? cdk;jcif;? vdrfjcif;paom dkif;pdkif;rIrsm;onf vlYavmuudk rNidrf;csrf;apaMumif; vufawGU cHpm;od&SdcJhMuygonf/ xdkYaMumifh Nidrf;csrf;om
,mpGm aexdkif& zdkYtwGuf dkif;pdkif;rIESifhqefYusifbuf ,Ofaus;rIudk usifhoHk;&rnfjzpfaMumif;vnf; oabmaygufcJhMuygonf/
okdYaomf rnfodkYrnfyHk ,Ofaus;atmifvkyfrnfenf;[laom ,Ofaus;rIqdkif&mvrf;pOfudkum; twdtus razmfaqmifEdkifcJhacs/ xdkYaMumifhyif vlYavmu
BuD;wGif dkif;pdkif;rIrsm; tjrpfwG,fae&jcif; jzpfonf/
Page | 39

Nidrf;csrf;rIESifh touf&Sifaexdkifvdkaom vlom;wdkYonf Nidrf;csrf;rIudkzsufqD;aeonfh dkif;pdkif;rIrsm;ESifh uif;a0;&eftwGuf wwftm;orQaom ,Ofa

us;rIvrf;pOfwdkYudk &SmazGcJhMuygonf/ ,if;,Ofaus;rIvrf;pOfwdkYjzifh vlY,Ofaus;rIudk wwftm;orQ wnfaqmufcJhMuygonf/ okdYaomf qdkcJhNyD;onfhtwdkif; cdkifr
maom ,Ofaus;rI udkum; r&&SdEdkifcJhacs/
tb,fhaMumifh r&Edkifavoenf;/ ,if;,Ofaus;rIvrf;pOfwdkYwGif tb,fcRwf,Gif;csufrsm; &Sdae oenf;/ ,cktcgaomfum; ,Ofaus;rIvrf;pOfwdkYud
k ppfaq;a0zef&eftcsdef usa&mufvmavNyD/
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***

umr,Ofaus;rIvrf;pOf
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atmif vkyf&rnf}
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jzpfygonf/ umra0'emaumif;rsm;ESifh NidrfhaeaomtcsdefwGif vlonf owfcsifpdwf? cdk;csifpdwfrsm; uif;yaewwfygonf/ ,if;a0'emrsm; csKdUwJhonfhtcsdefwGif
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nf/ odkYygrS ,Ofaus;aomvltjzpf wnfaeEdkifrnf[k umr,Ofaus;rI vrf;pOfu aumufcsufcsygonf/
tlrawmifhrS oDvapmifhrnf[laom vufoHk;pum;onf umr,Ofaus;rIvrf;pOfrS ay:xGufcJhjcif; jzpfayonf/
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\tusKd;quf Nidrf;csrf;rIudk cHpm;Muonf/
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ifh umr*kPfpnf;pdrfrsm;udk wdk; wdk; &,lodkrSD;Muonf/ tcsdef&Sdoa&GUvnf; umr*kPfpnf;pdrfrsm; &&m&aMumif;udkom MuHqaeonf/ pm;vnf;onfpdwf? oG
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&onfom jzpf\/ tb,fhaMumihfqdkaomf umr,Ofaus;rI taqmufttHk\ tkwfjrpfjzpfaom umra0'emonf wnfwHhcdkifjrJrIr&SdaomaMumifh jzpf\/ oJjyifudk
tajccH wnfaqmufxm;aom taqmufttHkonf tb,fodkYvQif wnfwHhcdkifrmjcif; &SdEdkifygrnfenf;/
umra0'emwdkYonf tvsiftjrefysufpD;aomoabm &SdMuyg\/ xdkYaMumifh a0'em&Sdocdkufwnfae aom ,Ofaus;rIonfvnf; a0'emysufonfESifh
twl aysmufoGm;&onfom jzpfygonf/ xdkYaMumifh aysmuf ysufoGm;aom ,Ofaus;rIudk &&SdpdrfhaomiSm a0'emtopfopf cHpm;&zdkY BudK;pm;&ygonf/
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Page | 40

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tjzpfaywnf;/
tb,fhaMumifhqdkaomf a0'em[lonf aysmufysufvG,fonfhoabm&Sdjcif;ESifhtwl ESpfoufcHpm;oltm; aESmifzGJUzrf;pm;wwfaomoabmvnf; &Sdaoma
Mumifh jzpf\/ a0'emwpfckudk ESpfoufcHpm;&olonf ,if; a0'emudk cHpm;&olonf ,if;a0'emudk rcHpm;&vQif raeEdkifonfhtjzpfodkYa&mufNyD; ,if;a0'emudk
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nfusifhoHk;onfhb0odkY a&mufoGm;avawmhonf/
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nf[lwnf;/
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otESHY &Sdaeayonf/ vlrsKd;wdkif;vnf; &Sdaeayonf/ ,if;qkay; 'Pfay;pepfonf w&m;Oya'vnf; xif&Sm; bmoma&;e,fy,fvnf; xif&Sm;\/
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&avonf/
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y;? 'Pfay;pepfjzifh avhusifhay;avawmhonf/ ,Ofaus;rI tjyKtrludkusihfvQif umr*kPf a0'emaumif;aumif;udk qktjzpfay;\/ dkif;pdkif;aom tjyKtrludkus
ifhvQif umr*kPfa0'emqkd;qdk;udk 'Pftjzpfay;\/
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umr*kPf qkay;'Pfay;pepfonf rD;aecef;rSonf ocFsKdif;0txd&Sdaom vlYoufwrf;wpfavQmuf vHk;twGuf &Sdaeonfomru? aoNyD;aemuftwG
ufyif &Sdaeao;onf[k qdk&ayvdrhfrnf/
dkif;pdkif;aom tjyKtrlwdkYudkvkyfvQif tcsKyfrsm; axmifrsm; ponhftjypf'PfwdkYudk vuf&Sdb0 wpf avQmufvHk; cHpm;&rnfhtjyif aoNyD;aemufv
nf; tvGefw&mqkd;&Gm;aomi&JodkYvnf; a&muf&OD;rnf[k vnf; aumif;? ,Ofaus;aomtjyKtrlwdkYudkvkyfvQif bGJUxl;*kPfxl; qkvmbfrsm;udk vuf&Sdb0wpfavQ
mufvHk; cHpm; &rnfhtjyif aoNyD;aemufvnf; tvGefw&m aysmf&Tifcsrf;om&onfh ewf&GmokcbHkrsm;odkYvnf; a&muf& vdrfhrnf[kvnf;aumif; umr,Ofaus;rI
vrf;pOfwdkYu a[mTefqHk;rygonf/
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zifh usifhoHk;aejcif; jzpfayonf/

Page | 41

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psme,Ofaus;rI
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Page | 42

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nf/

Page | 43

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Page | 44

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Page | 48

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Page | 49

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Page | 50

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T h e Rainbow Brid g e: S i r Rich a rd Livingstone

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