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MathCAD 15

2013

681.3.06
, . . MathCAD
[] / . . . : , 2013. 114 .


.
2 10.02.13

MathCAD 15.
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.................................................................................................................. 7
MathCAD ...................................................................... 9
1 Mathcad ................................................................................................... 9
1.1 Mathcad............................................................................................. 9
1.2 ........................................................................................................ 10
1.3 ........................................................................................... 11
2 , ............ 14
2.1 Mathcad .................................................................................................. 14
2.2 ................................................................... 15
2.3 .......................................................................................... 16
2.4 ....................................................................................... 16
2.5 ....................................................................................... 17
2.6 ............................................................................. 19
2.7 .......................................................................................... 20
2.8 . ....................................................... 22
2.9 ......................................................................................... 22
2.10 . ................................................. 23
2.9 ........................................................................................ 24
3 . ................................................................... 25
3.1 ............................................................................ 25
3.2 ............................................................................................................ 26
4 ............................................................................................ 27
4.1 ........................................................................................ 27
4.2 .......................................................................................... 28
4.3 ................................................................................... 28
4.4 ....................................................................... 29
4.5 ............................................................. 30
4.6 ........................................................................................... 30
4.7 ........................................................... 31
4.8 ....................................................................... 33
3

. ................................................................................................ 34
1 .................................................................................................. 34
1.1 ....................................................................... 34
2.2 ............................................................................. 35
2.3 ........................................................................... 35
2.4 ORIGIN ......................................................................... 36
2.5 .................................................. 36
2.6 .......................................... 38
2.7 ....................................................................................... 39
2.8 ........................................................................... 40
2.9 ......................................................................................... 41
2.9.1 ............................................................................. 41
2.9.2 ................................................................ 41
2.9.3 , ...................................................... 42
2.9.4 , ,
....................................................................................................................... 42
2.9.5 ..................................................................................... 45
.................................................................................................. 46
1 ............................................................................ 46
2 ............................................................................ 46
3 .............................................................................. 47
4 ................................................................................... 49
5 ....................................... 51
5.1 ...................... 52
5.2 ( ) 54
6 ........................................................................... 55
6.1 ................................................................ 55
6.2 Given Find . 56
7 ............................................................... 57
................................................. 58
1 ......................................................... 58
1.1 .............................................................. 60
4

1.2 ................................................................................ 64
1.3 ................................................. 65
3 ........................................................................ 68
3.1 ............................................................. 69
4 ..................................................................................... 70
5 ................................................................................... 71
6 ........................................................................................ 72
7 .................................................................................. 73
8 ......................................................................................... 73
.............................................................. 75
1 .......................................... 75
1.1 ....................................................................................................... 76
1.1.1 .................................................................................... 76
1.1.2 - ....................................................................................... 77
1.2 ............................................................................................................... 79
1.2.1 ...................................................................................... 81
1.2.2 ........ 85
1.3 .......................................................................................... 87
............................................................................ 89
1.1 .............................................................................................. 89
1.1.1 .................................................................................... 89
1.1.2. ..................................................................... 90
1.2 if ........................................................................................... 91
1.3 .................................................................................................. 94
1.3.1 while ................................................................................................... 94
1.3.2 for ....................................................................................................... 96
1.3.3 break, continue, return ..................................................................... 97
1.4 ......................................................... 98
1.5 - ...................................................................................... 98
1.6 ................................................................................................ 99
1.7 ........................................................... 100
2 ............................................................................................................... 103
5

2.1 ............................................................................................ 103


...................................................................................................... 106
1. Mathcad ............................................................. 106
1 .............................................................................................................. 106
2 ................................................................................... 107
3 ...................................................................................................... 107
2. ................................................................. 108
................................................................................................... 114


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1.2
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6. Format () , .
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8. Symbolics ( ) .
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1.3

. ()
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Mathcad Help ( Mathcad)

1.3
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Formatting ()
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1.6

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2. (Font),
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System Ms Sans Serif.

2.7
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Matrix ( ) m..n.

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23

2.9
Mathcad ,
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Format ( ). :
General ()
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Exponential threshold ( ).
Scientific ()

: 1,22105.
Decimal (-

1.3

) : 12,2564.
Engineering () ,
3: 1,22106.
Fraction () :

/1 .

(Level of accuracy)
(Use fixed number).

( ) ( Set as default ( )).

24

3 .
1. :
23.4 b

78

2. :
a

b = 101.4 a

b = 54.6

3. :
a

3
a.b = 1.82510

= 0.3

4. :
a = 4.837
b = 8.832

5. n- :
n

3
1
n

a = 2.86
1
n

b = 4.273

6. :
b

106

a = 6.29310

3.1
1. .
1.1 :
x

3.34

1.2 :
sin( x) = 0.197

cos ( x) = 0.98

sec( x) = 1.02

csc( x) = 5.073

tan( x) = 0.201

cot( x) = 4.974

25

2. .
2.1 :
x

x. deg

300 x

2.2 :
sin( x) = 0.866

cos ( x) = 0.5

sec( x) = 2

csc( x) = 1.155

tan( x) = 1.732

cot( x) = 0.577

3.2
1. 10.
10 .
1.1 :

5.67

1.2 :
ln( x) = 1.735

1.3 10:
log( x) = 0.754

2.
.
2.1 :
x

12.78

2.2 :
b

2.3 :
logb( b , x)

ln( x)
ln( b )

logb( b , x) = 3.676

26

4
4.1
Simplify ()
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:

3 x 3 x 2
2x
1
1 3
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x

1
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3

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9 x 1

27

4.2

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( x 5)

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2. . .
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x 25 x 250 x 1250x
3125x
3125
4.3
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2 x3 3 x 1
x3 2 x 2 9 x 18
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28

2. .
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( x 1) 2 x 2 x 1

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124678488
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2. .
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2 3 11 347 1361
4.4
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13 x 24 x 8 x 50

29

4.5
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b:

( a3 b c2 )3
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1. .

2. . .

a9 3 a6 c2 3 a3 c4 c6

6 a3 c2 3 a6 3 c4

3
2

3 a 3 c

4.6
Mathcad
:
1. , Calculus (), . .
2. lim.
3. lim ,
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4. .
30

5. Mathcad Symbolics Evaluate Symbolically ( ). Mathcad


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lim
x 3 x 6
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4. . .
1
3

4.7
Symbolics :
1. , , ,
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2. Calculus () .
Symbolics Evaluate Symbolically ( ).
31

(5x

3 x 7) dx

:
1. .

2. .
.

5x2 3x 7 dx 5x

3 x

7 x

10

3
( x 3 x 5) dx

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1. .

2. . .
(=).

10

x3 3x 5 dx 10773 2.693 103

cos( x )

sin x

'

32

:
1. .

2. . .
cos ( x)
cos ( x)
sin( x)
d
sin(x) x cos (x) 2 x
dx

4.8
:
1. .
2. Symbolics Variable Convert to
Partial Fraction ( - ).
Mathcad ,
.
:

2 x 2 3 x 1
x3 2 x 2 9 x 18

:
1. .

5.
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.
1
3 ( x 3)

3
x 2

14
3 ( x 3)

33

.
1
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Mathcad Insert Matrix ( )
[Ctrl]+[m].
3. (Rows)
(Columns), .
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2.1
4. ,
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34

2.2
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1. . .
2. [Ctrl]+[m]. ,
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3. Insert () Delete (),
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2.3
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35

1. .
2. Matrix and Vectors Toolbar ( ) <> Matrix Column
( ).
3. .
M

2 3 1
4 2 0

V1

<0 >
M

V1 =

V2

<1 >
M

V2 =

2
4
3
2

2.2
2.4 ORIGIN
ORIGIN. ORIGIN=0,
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ORIGIN . Tools Worksheet Options ( ), Built-in Variables
( ) Array Origin (ORIGIN)
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Matrix. ORIGIN
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2.5
36

Mathcad :
, :
rows(M) ;
m() min() ;
, :
cols(M) ;
tr(M) , .
, :
last(M) ;
length(M) ;
V
Matrix;
2 1
M

4 3

rows( M )

n =3

5 2

cols( M)

m=2

2.3
4
V

SV

SV = 2

2.4
4

ORIGIN 1

3
1
5

last( V)

K =4

2.5

37

4
V

length( V)

n =4

2.6
1
V

4
2
1

MV

max( V)

MV = 4

MV

min( V)

MV = 2

2.7

2 4
M

2 7

tr( M) = 3

2.8

2.6
:
augment(A, ) .
.
M1

1 0 5
1

4 2

augment( M1, M2)

M=

1 0 5 2 3
1

4 2 4

3 1

2.9
stack(A, ) . .

M1 ( 1 2 3 )
M2 ( 4 5 6 )

M stack (M1M2)

1 2 3

4 5 6

2.10
38

submatrix(A, irows, jrows, icols, jcols) ,


. A,
irows jrows, icols jcols.

1
6

M 11
16

21

9 10

12 13 14 15
17 18 19 20

22 23 24 24

7 8 9
M1 submatrix(M1313) M1 12 13 14

17 18 19

2.11 ,

2.7
Mathcad . , 100
. , augment stack.
- .

ORIGIN 1
n 5

m 5

i 1 n

j 1 m

x 0.1 i

y 0.2j

0.02
0.04

f 0.06
0.08

0.1

i j

i j

sin x y

0.04 0.06 0.08


0.08 0.12 0.159
0.12 0.179 0.238
0.159 0.238 0.315
0.199 0.296 0.389

0.199

0.296
0.389

0.479
0.1

2.12
39

2.8
Mathcad :
sort(V) ;

5
2

V 4
1

3

V sort (V)

1
2

V 3
4

5

2.13
reverse(V) ;

1
2

V 3
4

5

V reverse (V)

5
4

V 3
2

1

2.14
csort(M, i)
i- ;

3 4 5 6
M 4 5 1 2

6 8 2 1

M csort (M2)

4 5 1 2
M 6 8 2 1

3 4 5 6

2.15
rsort(, i) i- .

3 4 5 6
M 4 5 1 2

6 8 2 1

M rsort (M2)

6 5 3 4
M 2 1 4 5

1 2 6 8

2.16

40

2.9
2.9.1
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1. .
2. .
3. Matrix () , .

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( ), ,
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2
V

VT

VT = ( 2 3 1 )

2
M
3
4

1 2 3 4
M 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12

M M

5 9

6 10
7 11

8 12

2.17
2.9.2
Matrix ||, :
M

2 3
1 2

NM

NM = 1

2.18
41

2.9.3 ,
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X Matrix.
.
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Mathcad identity(n),
n .

8
M
2
1

3 4 6

5 4 2
1 4 6

2 9 1

M M

M1 identity(4)

0.223

0.389
M
0.068
0.055

0
M1
0
0

0.109 0.192 0.035

0.055 0.404 0.017

0.021 0.053 0.127

0.032 0.134 0.07

0 0 0

1 0 0
0 1 0

0 0 1

2.19
2.9.4 , ,
.
A,
B C, cij aij bij

2 8 5
A 4 3 8

7 1 6

7 6 4
B 2 5 8

1 7 7

9 14 9
A B 6 8 16

8 8 13
5 2 1
A B 2 2 0

6 6 1

2.20
42


( ). Mathcad-
.

2 8 5
A 4 3 8

7 1 6

7 6 4
B 2 5 8

1 7 7

35 87 107
A B 42 95 96

57 89 78
0.306 0.796 1.449
0.204 1.803 1.034

B
0.673 2.116 1.946

2.21
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View Multiplication as (
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3
A
4
1

2 1 3

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A A

14

15
A
21
29

16 18 18

17 16 21
19 22 26

21 28 26

2.22
43

, .
1
V

V1

V1 =

0.5
V 0.2

0.7

4
3

5
V 2

7

V V 10

2.23

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i 1

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2
V1

V2

V1. V2

C=7

2
V1

V2

(3 2

1)

V1. V2

M= 9

15 10 5

2.24
, X Y ,
XY X Y sin( )
, X Y .
Matrix X Y ,.
1
V1

2
3

4
V2

V1 V2

P= 6
3

2.25

.
44

2.9.5
Mathcad , .
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1. .
2. f ( M ) . ;
3. [ = ].


M 3
3
4

0.924

0.5
cos ( M )
0.707
1

0.707

1
0

2.26
Mathcad , . , V ,
cos(V)= .

0
30

45
V
60
90

180

1
0.866

0.707

cos ( V deg )
0.5
0

2.27

45


1
:

f ( x ) ax2 bx c
:
1. .
2. , ,
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3. polyroots
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:
2

x 2x 8 0
1. .
a

1 b

2 c

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r

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r=

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4

2
:
1. .
2. ,
.
3. Symbolics Variable Solve
( ).
46

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3

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1. . ( [Ctrl]+[=]).
2

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Solve ( ).

8 b 1 1


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4

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4
4

Symbolics ,
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Symbolics ,
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( ), Mathcad :
No solution was found ( ).
3
root . ,
root, , , .
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47

:
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3

x 6x 2 0

1. , .
x

4.. 3

2. .
3

f( x)

6. x 2

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x

f ( x)
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11

3 (-3-2, 01, 2..3),


3 .
4. .
TOL 10

5. . , .
x

3 2
2

x 2.5

6.
X1 root (f (x) x)

X1 2.602

7. . 0.
15

f (X1) 3.553 10

48

8. .
x

0 1

x 0.5

X2 root (f (x) x)

X2 0.34
11

f (X2) 6.095 10

9.
x

2 3

x 2.5

X3 root (f (x) x)

X3 2.262
10

f (X3) 3.052 10

4
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3

x 6x 2 0

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d
f ( x)
dx
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2 .
4. .
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5. .
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x 1.5
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x

d f ( x) x

dx

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f (X1) 7.657
8. .
x

1 2

x 1.5

d f ( x) x

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f (X2) 3.657
50

5
, AX=B.
X=A-1B.
MathCAD lsolve(A,B), X
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;
;
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:
x 2 y 3 z 1

2 x 3 y z 2
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1. :
1x 2 y 3 z 1

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2. :
1 2 3
A

2 3 1
1 2 5

3.

51

1
b

2
3

4.

1
A .b

5.
8
X=

5
1

6.
0
A. X

b= 0
0

7. Isolve

lsolve( A , b )
8

X=

5
1

5.1

1. ORIGIN .
2. .
3. ( ).
4. . , .
5. , .
6. .

52

:
:
x 2 y 3 z 1

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1. :
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2. :
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3.
1
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2
3

4. ORIGIN 1.

ORIGIN 1
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= 2

6.
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1

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1 = 16

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3

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3 = 2

7.
x

x=8

y= 5

z=1
53

5.2 ( )
:
1. ORIGIN .
2. - .
3.
augment(A,b).
4.
rref(Ar).
5. submatrix(Ag,1,3,4,4).
:
:
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2. :
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2 3 1
1 2 5

3.
1
b

2
3

4. ORIGIN 1.

ORIGIN 1
54

5.
1 2 3 1

Ar

augment( A , b )

Ar = 2 3 1 2
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6.
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Ag

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Ag = 0 1 0

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7.
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x=

5
1

6
6.1
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55

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6.2 Given Find



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56

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57


1
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58

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2

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20
16
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20
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61

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() ,
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(Change to default), (Use for default) .
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4.11 , 1 , 2
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64

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66

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69

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70

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76

10
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77

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78

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80

1.2.1

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84

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n- .

Ctrl+\

n- .

Ctrl+Enter

106

2

.
()

Alt+Esc

Windows.

Alt+Tab

Windows

Ctrl+F4

Ctrl+F6

Alt+F4

Mathcad.

Ctrl+R

F1

F5

F6

F7

F9

Shift+F1

3
Mathcad.
()

Ctrl+F9

Ctrl+F10

Ctrl+F5

Shift+F5

Alt+BkSp

Ctrl+C

Ctrl+V

Ctrl+X

Ctrl+U

Ins

107

2.
. , , Mathcad .
Mathcad , , ,
. , ,
.

. .

. .

Array size

mismatch

,
, linterp
.

Cannot be

(:=) -

denned

Cannot take

, -

subscript

Cannot take

subscript

,
- .

Definition stack

over- How

Did not find

Mathcad .

solution

, Minerr Find.

108

Domain error

, ,

Duplicate


. ,

.

Equation too
large

Mathcad -

. -

Error in constant

Mathcad -

. Mathcad .

Error in list

.
: f(, , z ...).
, .

Error in solve

,
,

block

.
File error

READ READPRN.

File not found

,
READ READPRN,
.

Illegal array

operation

, . ,

Illegal context

- ,

109

Mathcad.

Illegal factor

, . .

Illegal function

, Mathcad

name

, . , ,
: 6(). ,
*, Mathcad
, .

Illegal ORIGIN

ORIGIN

, 16 000 000.
-

ORIGIN

ORIGIN.
Illegal range

Illegal tolerance

, TOL -

, Root, Find Minerr,

TOL>1 TOL<0.
TOL .
Incompatible
units

, ,

, .

Index out of

, -

bounds

.

( , , ORIGIN,
ORIGIN > 0)
, ,
.

Invalid order

, 0 5
.

110

List too long

, Mathcad,

.

Missing operand

. ,

Mathcad ( )
,
Misplaced

comma

, .

Missing operand

. ,

Mathcad ( )
,
Missing operator

Must be 3-vector

. -

Must be array

.
,
, .

Must be dimen-

sionless

, .
(, cos In) .

Must be in-

, -

creasing

,
(spline, pspline, cspline, interp, linterp hist).
.

111

Must be integer

, ,

identity ,
.

Must be nonzero

Must be positive

,
.
,

, ,
. Mathcad
.
Must be range

Must be real

Must be scalar

, -, .

, Mathcad .

,
identity.

Must be vector

, -

No matching

Find Minerr -

Given

Given.

Given
No scalar value

Not a name

, ,
, .

Mathcad ,
root.

Only one array

allowed

. Mathcad

,
.

Overflow

, , Mathcad
( 10).

112

Significance lost

, ,
.

Too many points , Mathcad


Too many sub-

scripts

Undefindet

.

. ,
(:)
, . ,

(=) .

Unmatched

parenthesis

. , .

Wrong size

vector

, , fft 2n, n - , 1. ifft


1+2n , n ,
0. ORIGIN , Mathcad
-.

113


1. Mathcad (+ CDROM): , ,
2009 . 384 .
2. Mathcad 11/12/13 . (+ CDROM): . . , , 2007 . 960 .
3. Mathcad 12. : ,
, 2005 . 464 .
4. Mathcad 12. (+ CDROM):
, , 2005 . 566 .
5. Mathcad 12: . . , . . ,
, 2005 . 352 .
6. Mathcad 14 . : , , 2009 . 512 .
7. Mathcad: ..
, 2006 . 264 .
8. . 1. MathCAD: . . , . . , , 2009 . 132 .
9. Mathcad 12,
MATLAB 7, Maple 9: . . , . . , , 2006
. 496 .
10. Mathcad (+ CDROM): . . , , 2004 . 512 .
11. Mathcad. : . .
, , 2005 . 752 .

114

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