jawaban 1b

diketahui tabel.
Entalpi (kJ/kg)
Saturated steam

Superheated steam pada T

(C)
P (atm)
Td (C)
air
204
260
315
uap
371
4
145
603
2836
2974
3061
2707
3174
13,6
194
816
2783
2916
3040
2755
3158
Entalpi yang masuk A = 816 kJ/kg (dari tabel diatas)
Entalpi yang keluar B = 2916 kJ/kg (dari tabel diatas)
Entalpi yang masuk C = 2707 kJ/kg (dari tabel diatas)
Entalpi yang keluar D = 2836 kJ/kg (dari tabel diatas)
Menentukan nilai entalpi berdasarkan produksi uap utama :
Entalpi yang keluar B - Entalpi yang masuk A = 2916 kJ/kg - 816 kJ/kg
= 2100 kJ/kg
Menentukan nilai entalpi berdasarkan pemanasan ulang dengan turbin :
Entalpi yang keluar D - Entalpi yang masuk C = 2836 kJ/kg - 2707 kJ/kg
= 129 kJ/kg

Kebutuhan panas :
Uap utama = 100.000 kg/jam x 2100 kJ/kg
= 2100x105 kJ/jam
Pemanasan ulang dengan turbin = 600.000 kg/jam x 129 kJ/kg
= 774x105 kJ/kg

Jawaban 1c
m3 = 100.000 kg/jam
h3 = 2.916 kJ/kg

m1 = 100.000 kg/jam
(asumsi)

Boiler

m2 = 600.000 kg/jam
h2 = 2.707 kJ/kg

m4= 600.000 kg/jam

h4 = 2.836 kJ/kg

mfuel . LHV . = (m3.h3 + m4.h4) - (m1.h1 + m2.h2)

mfuel x 10961,717 kJ/kg x 0,8 = (100.000 kg/jam x 2916 kJ/kg + 600.000 kg/jam x
2836 kJ/kg) - (100.000 kg/jam x 816 kJ/kg + 600.000 kg/jam x 2707 kJ/kg)
mfuel x 8769,3736 kJ/kg = (2916x105 kJ/jam + 17016x105 kJ/jam) - (816x105 kJ/jam +
16242x105 kJ/jam)
mfuel x 8769,3736 kJ/kg = 19932x105 kJ/jam 17058 kJ/jam
mfuel x 8769,3736 kJ/kg = 2874x105 kJ/jam
mfuel =

2874 x 105 kJ / jam

8769,3736 kJ /kg

mfuel = 32773,15042 kg/jam

nomor 2
diketahui :
muap = 2000 kg/jam
Puap = 40 bar
Tuap = 300C
Huap = 2962 kJ/kg
Pair umpan = 40 bar
hair umpan = 400 kJ/kg
ditanya :
Q untuk memproduksi uap dari umpan?
Penyelesaian :
Q = muap . (huap hair umpan)
= 2000 kg/jam . (2962 kJ/kg 400 kJ/kg)
= 5124x103 kJ/jam

Jawaban 1a
Kadar H =

jumlah atom x Ar H
Mr C 6 H 12 O6

12 x 1 gr /mol
180 gr /mol

= 0,067

NHV = HHV (9H + W)

13000 kJ/kg = HHV 2400 kJ/kg (9 x 0,067 + 0,25 kJ/kg)
13000 kJ/kg = HHV 2400 kJ/kg (0,603 + 0,25 kJ/kg)
13000 kJ/kg = HHV 2400 kJ/kg (0,853 kJ/kg)

HHV = 15047,2 kJ/kg

Gas cerobong
CO2
H 2O
O2
N2

Nomor 3

Air umpan
boiler
boiler = 80%
h1 = 80 kJ/kg
Bahan bakar
mfuel . LHV

Boiler

uap
m2 = 40000
kg/jam
h2 = 2800 kJ/kg

blowdown
m3 = 2000 kg/jam
h3 = 350 kJ/kg

NHVgas alam = 804 kJ/mol

90% mol CH4
Gas alam
10% mol CO2
LHVCH4 = yCH4 . NHVCH4
= 0,9 x 804 kJ/mol
= 723,6 kJ/mol
m1 . h1 = m3 . h3
m1 x 80 kJ/kg = 2000 kg/jam x 350 kJ/kg
m1 = 8750 kg/jam

penyelesaian A :
mfuel . LHV . boiler = m2.h2 + m3.h3 m1.h1
mfuel x 723,6 kJ/mol x 0,8 = (40000 kg/jam x 2800 kJ/kg) + (2000 kg/jam x 350 kJ/kg)
- (8750 kg/jam x 80 kJ/kg)
mfuel x 578,88 kJ/mol = 112x106 kJ/jam + 7x105 kJ/jam 7x105 kJ/jam

112 x 10 kJ / jam
578,88 kJ /mol

mfuel =

= 193477,0591 mol/jam

Penyelesaian B :
Komposisi gas
cerobong = N2
CO2
H2O
O2
Ax (persen udara berlebih) = 20%
Reaksi :
2CH4 + 6O2 2CO2 + 4H2O
n CH4 =

massa
BM

123825,3179 kg
=7739,0823 kmol/ jam
16 kg /kmol

2CH4
4H2O

7739,0823 kmol/jam
15478,1646 kmol/jam

6O 2

23217,2469 kmol/jam

7739,0823 kmol/jam

Fraksi massa :
O2

= 23217,2469 kmol/jam x 32 kg/kmol

= 742951,9 kg/jam

H2O = 15478,1646 kmol/jam x 18 kg/kmol

= 278606,9 kg/jam

CO2 = 7739,0823 kmol/jam x 44 kg/kmol

= 340519,6 kg/jam

Ax =

O2
0,266 x N 2

0,2 x 0,266 x N2 = 23217,2469 kmol/jam

2CO2

N2 = 436409,7744 kg/jam

Total fraksi = 742951,9 kg/jam + 278606,9 kg/jam + 340519,6 kg/jam +

436409,7744 kg/jam
= 1798488,174 kg/jam
Komposisi masing-masing :
O2 =

742951,9kg / jam
x 100
1798488,174 kg/ jam

= 41,3098%

H 2O =

278606,9 kg/ jam

x 100 =15,4911
1798488,174 kg/ jam

CO2 =

340519,6 kg/ jam

x 100 =1 8 , 9336
1798488,174 kg/ jam

N2 =

436409,7744 kg / jam
x 100 =24,2653
1798488,174 kg / jam