Define the following terms:

LiberalThose who want some change, but want it legally.

RadicalThose who want great change, and may suggest less than legal means to get it
Conservative- Those in power, who want to keep power.
Domestic vs. Foreign mattersForeign policies include two basic features, in one area, the
Russians promoted Pan-Slavism, which is the union of all Slavic people under Russian
rule. In the other part, the area wanted to continue expansion. Domestic policy is
tradition and believes in being ruled by an autocrat.
AutocraticA person who holds absolute power.
Divine Right theoryThe idea that the right to rule comes from god and that rulers
are answerable for their actions to god by himself.
Russification A program that forced non-Russian citizens to in the empire to use
Russian language, and accept the Orthodox religion, along with adopting Russian
customs.
Pan-Slavism the union of all Slavic peoples under Russian rule. Emancipation Edict- An issue
made in 1861 by Alexander II that freed the serf population.
Peoples Will Radicals that used terrorism and caused actions like the bombing
and assassinations by political groups in order to try to force the government to accept their
demands.
PogromsNicolas II and his people worked at reviving and intensifying Russification
in large discrimination against minority groups, and sponsored massacres of Jews
in riots, which was called Pograms.
NihilistsTheory that traditional beliefs and values are unfounded and that existence is
senseless and useless.
Social Democratic Labor Party Imitations of the German Social Democratic Labor
Party, which grew increasingly radical.

DumaA decree which promised individual liberties and provided for the election of
a parliament.
Answer the following questions:
1. Summarize Ideas:
a. Explain how liberalism affected Russias domestic policy. The Russia domestic
policy faced many problems when liberal ideas surfaced in the region, along with
restless nationalities, the czars took harsh actions. Liberalism was attracting the
educated members of the Russian aristocracy. Russia began to strictly counteract
liberalism by censoring speech and the press and rejected demands of some type of
constitution.
b. Describe two features of Russias foreign policy
One area promoted Pan-Slavism, which was the Slavic people under the Russian
leadership.2. The other area of Russia was focused on continuing expansion for the country
under the first czars, east into Asia and south towards the Ottoman Empire.
Organizing Ideas: a. List the liberal reforms that Alexander II accomplished in
Russia.
He issued the Emancipation Edict, he allowed rural districts to elect zemstvos, reformed the
courts by modeling civil and criminal courts and appealed courts were instituted,
b. What did he do with regard to the serfs?
He freed them, stating it is better to abolish serfdom from above than to wait until the serfs
begin to liberate themselves from below.
3. Analyzing Ideas: a. why did the Revolution of 1905 fail to overthrow the monarchy?
The army remained loyal and because of this, would not end the czars regime. Also,
the French bound to Russia by military alliance, and lent money to the government.
Lastly, the multiple revolutionary groups were divided in their focuses/goals.
Moderates feared radical demands and disagreements among the groups.
b. How did Nicholas II respond to the Revolution of 1905?
He faced the crisis, and decided to yield instead of perish. He put into place a decree which
promised individual liberties and provided election of the parliament