"OnBeingBroughtFromAfricatoAmerica"
byPhillisWheatleypoem
"WornOut"
byLaurenceDunbarpoem
"IfWeMustDie"
byClaudeMcKaypoem
"TheLoopholeofRetreat"
fromIncidentsintheLifeofaSlaveGirl"byHarrietJacobsshort
story
"Ihaveadream"
byMartinLutherkingjr.speech
"TheSlaveAuction"
byFrancesEllenWalkinsHarperpoem
SelectedPiecesSummaries:
"TheLoopholeofRetreat"fromIncidentsintheLifeofaSlaveGirl"byHarrietJacobsshort
story
Lindaishidinginhergrandmother'satticwatchingherchildrenthroughasmallholeinthe
wood.Sheisthereformonthsnotbeingabletocommunicatewiththemandhasbeenvictim
toillnesses.Dr.Flintistryingtobribeherchildrentotellhimwheresheis.Duringslavery
africanAmericanswereconstantlybeingseparatedfromtheirfamilies.Lindaescapedslavery
butisn'tleavingeitherbecauseshecan'torbecauseshewon'tleavebehindherkids.She
alsohastoworryaboutthedoctorfindingherbecausesheanescapedslave.Atthistime
africanAmericanshadnofreedomsandthat'swhyLindahasescaped.
"TheSlaveAuction"byFrancesEllenWalkinsHarperpoem
Thepoemisasimpleintroductiontotheprocessofaslavetrade.Thepoemcoversthe
horriblefactthatkidsandparentsarebeingseparatedconstantly.Itisaboutthemiseryand
painthattheslavesgothroughinthosetimes.Thispoemgivesaninsightontheslavetrade
andthefeelingsaffiliatedwithit.Themiseryofaslaveslifestartedwiththeauctionblock.
Whenfamilieswereseparatedandtheywereofficiallyownedbyanotherhumanbeing.
"WornOut"byLaurenceDunbarpoem
Thespeakerinthepoemexpresseshowallhishappinessandhopehavelefthim.Hisspiritis
justcompletelycrushed.Inthelastlineshedoesnotaskforjoyagain,butinsteadaskfor
release.IbelievethispoemisreferringtothetimesofslaverywhenthesouthboughtAfrican
Americansasslavesandusedthemforfarmingandhousework.Lifewasmiserablefor
slavesandtheperiodinwhichslaverywasaroundwasabigpartofAfricanAmericanhistory.
Essay:
TheAfricanAmericanculturehasbeenthroughalot.Slavery,segregation,andracial
prejudice.YoucanconnectalotofAfricanAmericanculturetoitsliterature.Inthebook
"IncidentsintheLifeofaSlaveGirl",anAfricanAmericangirlislivingherlifeinoneofthe
darkesttimesforherculture,slavery.Thestory'saboutagirlbythenameofHarrietJacobs.
HarrietwasbornintoslaveryonFebruary11,1813.Thebookshewroteisbasicallyjustan
autobiographyaboutherstruggleswithandescapingslavery.
Asawomen,herexperiencesinslaverywereabitdifferentthanmen's.Assoonas
shebecameofage,herownerDr.JamesNorcomsexuallyharassedher.Hopingtoescape
hisintentionsshehadtwokidswithafreewhitelawyernamedSamuelSawyer.Unfortunately
NorcomownedHarriet'skidsandusedthemasblackmailtogetwhathewantedfromher.
By1835Harriethadenoughandescaped.Shehidinthehomeofaslaveowner
nearbytokeepaneyeonherchildren.Afterashortstay,shehidinaswampcalledCabarrus
Pocosin.Shethendecidedtohideinacrawlspaceabovetheceilingofhergrandmothers
shack.Jacobslivedforsevenyearsinthatatticandcouldonlyhearandgetglimpsesofher
children.
ManyAfricanAmericanfamilieswereseparatedfromeachotherduringtheeraof
slavery.Whetheritwasontheauctionblock,orlikeinHarriet'scase,havingtoleavefamily
behindforfreedomwithasmallhopeofseeingthemagain.Harrietdidfortunatelyfleetothe
northbutnotallescapeeswerelucky.Mostwerecaughtandbrutallypunished.Womenwere
workedandtakenadvantageofandmenwerebeingworkedtocompleteexhaustion.This
lastedfor245years.Thatiswhythiserahasanimportantplaceintheculture,andliterature
isthebestwaytounderstandandseewhatwashappeningintheirlives.
AuthorBio:
HarrietAnnJacobswasbornintoslaveryonFebruary11,1813anddiedonMarch7,
1897.ShewasanAfricanAmericanwriterwhohadescapedfromslaveryin1835.Her
parentswerealsobornintoslavery.Herfatherwasanenslavedbiracialhousecarpenterand
hermotherwasanenslavedblackwoman.Harrietwasalsoanabolitionistspeakerand
reformer.Harriet'sfamousautobiographicalbook,IncidentsintheLifeofaSlaveGirl,wasfirst
serializedinthenewspaperandwaspublishedasabookin1861.Itwasoneofthefirstbooks
totalkaboutthestruggleforfreedombyfemaleslaves,andtoexplaintheirdailystruggles
withsexualharassmentandabuse,andtheirefforttoprotecttheirrolesaswomenand
mothers