Structural Steel Design

CIVL1521

Page 1 of 5

Calculation Sheet:

March 7, 2014

Design Test 1 Solution

Problem 1 ( 4 marks )
Compute the tensile capacity ( T r ) of the 16 mm thick
plate shown in the accompanying illustration. The
holes are punched for M16 bolts and the plate
consists of G40.21-M 300W steel (Fy = 300 MPa, Fu =
450 MPa).
plate width

w 300mm

plate thickness

t 16mm

hole diameter

db 16mm

Tr
2

punched holes, dh db 4mm

dh 20 mm
steel

yield strength:

Fy 300MPa

ultimate strength:

F u 450MPa

resitance factors, 0.9

u 0.75
2

A g w t

gross area:

net area calculation

Section a - a

Section b - b
1

A g 4800 mm

A 2 w 1 dh t

A 2 4480 mm

s12 75mm

g12 100mm

.06
14

s12

A 12 w 2 dh
t
4 g12

A 12 4385 mm

18
.7
5

Section c - c

s12 75mm
s23 75mm

g12 100mm
g23 75mm

2
2

s12
s23

A 123 w 3 dh

t
4 g12 4 g23

A 123 4365 mm

minimum net area, An A123 4365 mm

tensile resistance of gross area:

Tr A g F y

Tr 1296 kN

tensile resistance of net area:

Tr u An Fu

Tr 1473 kN

tensile resistance of plate, Tr = 1296 kN

Structural Steel Design

CIVL1521

Page 2 of 5

Calculation Sheet:

March 7, 2014

Design Test 1 Solution

Problem 2 ( 5 marks )
Compute the tensile capacity ( T r ) of the
WT155x79 T-section shown. The holes are
drilled for M16 bolts. Steel is grade 350W
(Fy = 350 MPa, Fu = 450 MPa).

bolt diameter

db 16mm

punched holes, dh db 2mm

dh 18 mm

yield strength:

Fy 350MPa

ultimate strength:

F u 450MPa

A g 10000mm

WT155x79 area
depth
flange width
mean flange thickness

d 164mm
b 310mm
tf 25.1mm

web thickness

tw 15.5mm

resitance factors,

0.9
u 0.75

net area calculation

i) section a-a

1 holes

i) section b-b

reduction due to holes

1 holes

s 50mm

reduction due to holes

g 75mm
2

s
A 2 A g 2 dh tw
t
4 g w

A 1 A g 1 dh tw
2

A 1 9721 mm

A 2 9571 mm
2

A ne A 2 9571 mm

shear lag

Case II:

reduction in net area

due to shear lag

- WT-section, only web connected

- 5 lines of transverse bolts
A' ne U Ane

U 0.85
2

A' ne 8135 mm

Structural Steel Design

CIVL1521

Page 3 of 5

Calculation Sheet:

March 7, 2014

Design Test 1 Solution

tensile resistance of gross area:

Tr A g F y

Tr 3150 kN

tensile resistance of net area:

Tr u A' ne F u

Tr 2746 kN

Block Shear

efficiency factor, Ut 0.6

net area in tension

gross area in shear

s
t
A n 50mm 75mm 1.5 dh
4 g w

A gv ( 75mm 4 50mm) tw

A n 1648 mm

tensile restance of the block shear

tear-out failure mechanism is:

A gv 4263 mm

Fy Fu

Tr u Ut An Fu 0.6 A gv
Tr 1101 kN

tensile resistance of the WT155x79 section is, Tr = 1101 kN

Structural Steel Design

CIVL1521

Page 4 of 5

Calculation Sheet:

March 7, 2014

Design Test 1 Solution

Problem 3 ( 6 marks )
Design a double-angle diagonal tension member that is connected by one leg to a 20 mm thick gusset
plate with eight M16 bolts. The axial tension service dead load is 196 kN and the service live load is 570
kN. Steel is grade 300W (F y = 300 MPa, F u = 450 MPa) and punched holes. At least one leg of the
angle section must be a minimum of 125 mm for bolting clearances.

dead load, PD 196kN

yield strength:

live load, P L 570kN

ultimate strength: F u 450MPa

resitance factor,

factored load

F y 300MPa

0.9
u 0.75

LC1

Tf 1.4 PD

Tf 274.4 kN

LC2

Tf 1.25 P D 1.5 P L

Tf 1100 kN

Tf

factored load per

angle

area

Tf 550 kN / angle

A reqd

gross area required

try a L127x89x13,

Tf

Tf

A reqd 2037 mm

F y
2

A g 2580mm

leg thickness,

t 12.7mm

Structural Steel Design

CIVL1521

Page 5 of 5

Calculation Sheet:

March 7, 2014

Design Test 1 Solution

net area calculation

bolt diameter

db 16mm

punched holes,

dh db 4mm
dh 20 mm

i) section a-a
reduction due to holes
A ne A g 2 dh t

A ne 2072 mm

Case III: - angle section, only one leg connected

- more than 4 lines of transverse bolts

shear lag

reduction in net area

due to shear lag

A' ne U Ane

A' ne 1658 mm
Tr u A' ne F u

tensile resistance of net area:

U 0.80

Tr 559 kN

Tr 559 kN > Tf 550 kN

use a L127 x 89 x 13 section

ii) block shear
efficiency factor, Ut 0.6

net area in tension

A n 50mm 27mm 1.5 dh t

2

A n 597 mm

gross area in shear

b

A gv ( 50mm 3 80mm) t
2

A gv 3683 mm

tensile restance of the block shear

tear-out failure mechanism is:
Tr 742 kN > Tf 550 kN

Fy Fu
742 kN
2

Tr u Ut An Fu 0.6 A gv

use a L127 x 89 x 13 section