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resolution.
It has
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get a good
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ionisation in the homogeneous electric field, and Townsend avalanche is
regime on the whole active surface of the detector. Copper coated epoxi resin for
formed. It seems that pure hydrocarbons are best suited for these detectors and
printed circuit board, on which thin aluminised plastic foils are glued, is very
higher gains can be reached with isobutane. Multiplication factors of thousands
well suited for this purpose. The copper layer is used for electric connections.
are obtained with 100 % efficiency in a wide domain of energy losses. For large
energy losses like those obtained from FF, a pulse height saturation can occur,
therefore, a relatively low voltage can be set making the detector very safe, far
from sparking. A 2 to 3 ns rise time pulse is collected due to the high velocity of
electrons and the good homogeneity of the electric field. Positive ions contribute
very little because they are not very close to the anode, in comparison with what
happens in a wire counter. Only the fast component of the signal due to the
motion of electrons is used. The slow part from the positive ions is eliminated by
differentiation of the signal. Best timing performances may not necessarily
correspond to the fastest output rise time, since at very low gas pressure, pulse
fluctuations can become important. Time resolutions of the order of 250 ps
(fwhm) are obtained with such detectors even in large dimensions. Of course a
delay of 40 to 50 ps/cm from the propagation time of a signal along the electrodes
has to be taken in account. They could then be used as the stop signal to
determine the TOF of the incident neutron.
Figure 5.9: Experimental set-up (half part)
These detectors are built to operate with pressures ranging from 1 to 20
mbars. In these low pressure conditions, a voltage of a few hundred volts applied
between the plates, typically 300 V/cm/bar, is sufficient to insure the proportional
regime. Released electrons gain enough energy to induce immediate secondary
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localisation is realised by strips on cathodes. A detector could be made with strips
every tenth of an inch by deposited Aluminum on 0.9 m of Mylar foils placed
on each side of an anode made of a similar foil aluminised on both sides as
shown in figure 5.10. Due to the range of FF in Mylar ( 12 m), the limit angle
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Tasa de reaccion
5+yhF+s)
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0.03
0.029
0.028
0.027
0.026
0.025
0.024
0.023
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Longitud tubo (cm)
-< 00 1"9%. + G "( " (>!G (+! & 8:?0"
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Tasa de reaccion

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0.05
0.045
0.04
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0.02
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20
40
60
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100
120
140
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Presion BF3 (cm Hg)
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0.03
0.025
0.02
0.015
0.01
0.005
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
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0.04
0.035
0.03
0.025
0.02
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25 cm
20 cm
15 cm
0.01
0.005
10
-6
10
-5
10
-4
10
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10
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Energia (MeV)
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7 cm
7.5 cm
8 cm
8.5 cm
0.05
0.045
0.04
0.035
0.03
0.025
0.02
0.015
0.01
0.005
10
-6
10
-5
10
-4
10
-3
10
-2
10
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10
Energia (MeV)
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0.04
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Configuracion 2
0.01
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10
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10
-6
10
-5
10
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10
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10
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Tesina Paradela

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Judul Asli

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extraction elements (septum magnet, bumps, etc.) as well as a more refined

cooling system for the lead target.

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