4.

Discuss the incidence, epidemiology and aetiology of chronic peptic ulcer

(Gastric and Duodenal ulcers)

Main aetiological factors: hyperacidity, Helicobactergastritis, duodeno-gastric

reflux, NSAIDs, smoking and genetic factors

Features

Gastric Ulcer

Duodenal ulcer

Incidence

3 (more common)

Age distribution

Increases with age

Increases up to 35 years of age

Social class

More common in low

socioeconomic classes

Even distribution

Blood group

Acid level

Normal or low

Elevated or normal

H. Pylori gastritis

About 70%

95-100%

Source : Underwoods Pathology textbook , page 334.