1.

Past Simple: positive sentences

A.

Fungsi

Kalimat past simple adalah kalimat yang menyatakan aktivitas di masa

lalu yang waktunya diketahui secara spesifik.
Contoh:
Kate Middleton bought a new bicycle last week.
Kalimat tersebut mengandung makna bahwa pembelian dilakukan di
masa lalu dan waktu pembeliannya diketahui oleh yang mengucapkan
kalimat tersebut. Keterangan waktu dalam kalimat tersebut diwakili oleh
last week.
B.

Pola Kalimat

Kalimat past simple terdiri dari Subyek (S) dan Predikat (P). Kelompok
kata yang dapat menjadi Subyek adalah noun (kata benda) atau
pronoun (kata ganti), sedangkan Predikat dalam kalimat ini adalah kata
kerja lampau (V2) (Lihat lampiran).
Suby
ek

Predikat
Verb 2

I
They
We
You
He
She
It

cleaned my
room
washed my
bike
met the singer
bought a new
car
cleaned the
board
washed my
bike
met the singer

Ket
Waktu
yesterday.
last night.
last week.
two days
ago
last
month.
last year.

Aturan pengubahan
kata kerja menjadi verb
2:
Imbuhkan ed pada kata
kerja beraturan:
cleancleaned
washwashed
Kata kerja tidak
beraturan sudah
memiliki bentuk baku
(lihat lampiran):
buy bought
swim swam

Contoh:
I met your grandfather in the Maa Hall Supermarket last night.
Mark swam in Musi river with his family yesterday.
Mommy went to Bali last week. Shes on the way home now.
The car broke down again last week. Its still in a repair shop.
Steve visited his great-grandmother last month.
John and I played soccer with the popular Dutch player, van Pier.
Katie, I sent you an email yesterday. Please check it.
Betulkah penggunaan kata kerja berikut? Betulkan jika ada
yang salah.
Oleh Ali Murtopo1

Exercise
Ubahlah kata kerja berikut menjadi verb 2.
Regular verbs
1.
hike ___hiked_
2.
love __________
________
3.
visit __________
Irregular verbs
1.
see
saw
________
2.
write _________
3
take _________

4.

study ____________
7.
5.
try
____________

walk ________
8.
type

6.

wash ____________

9.

call ________

4.

7.

sleep

5.
6.

eat

_______

buy
_______
spend _______

8.
9.

bring ________
come ________

Lengkapilah dengan verb 2 dari kata kerja di samping kalimat.

1. (start) He __________ swimming 6 hours ago and hes still
swimming!
2. (do)
We __________ the homework in the hospital.
3. (play)
Sam __________ basketball very well yesterday.
4. (score) You __________ 3 goals yesterday. I liked your game.
5. (eat)
The cats __________ my fish this morning. Take them away.
6. (study) Rina and Dicky __________ hard last night.
7. (sleep) I __________ on floor last night. I have a backache now.
8. (return) My friend __________ the books to the library on 22 Oct.
9. (wash) Sue __________ her car yesterday, but its dirty again now.
10. (watch)
My son __________ TV all night last night. Hes sleeping
all day now.
a. Tulislah menjadi kalimat lengkap. Gunakan past simple.
1. I/write/a poem for my wife.
I wrote a poem for my
wife.__________________
2. My sister/sell/her cell phone.
__________________________________________________
3. Ricky /learn/to drive a bus.
__________________________________________________
4. Jue Leck/spend/all his money.
__________________________________________________
Oleh Ali Murtopo2

5. Roby and Byro/call/the president.

__________________________________________________
6. Timo/walk/to school yesterday.
__________________________________________________
7. Sonya/see/the dentist last night.
__________________________________________________
8. I/buy/a unique cloth/for you.
__________________________________________________
9. The train/come/late this morning.
__________________________________________________
10. The plane/just take/2 passengers.
__________________________________________________
c. Apa yang Anda lakukan akhir pekan kemarin?
1. I woke up very late, at 10.30__________
4._____________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________
5._____________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________
6._____________________________________________

Past Simple: negative sentences

A.

Fungsi

Kalimat penyangkalan past simple adalah kalimat yang menyatakan

bahwa aktivitas tertentu di masa lalu yang waktunya diketahui secara
spesifik tidak dilakukan.
Contoh:
Kate Middleton did not buy a new car last week.
Kalimat tersebut mengandung makna bahwa Kate tidak membeli
mobil di masa lalu pada waktu tertentu yang diketahui oleh yang
mengucapkan kalimat tersebut. Keterangan waktu tertentu dalam
kalimat tersebut diwakili oleh last week.
B.

Pola Kalimat

Kalimat penyangkalan past simple memiliki pola yang hampir sama

dengan kalimat pernyataan. Untuk membuat kalimat penyangkalan, kita
hanya perlu menambahkan did not diantara subyek dan kata kerja.
Namun, kata kerja yang digunakan adalah kata kerja present (verb 1).
Perhatikan pola kalimat berikut:
Suby
ek

Predikat

Ket.
Waktu

Kontraksi
Oleh Ali Murtopo3

(pemendekan
kata):
di
d
I

They
We
You
He
She
It

di
d

no
t

K kerja
present

read the
novel
write a
no letter
t
buy
souvenirs
eat
breakfast
play tennis
sing karaoke
went to
China

yesterday
.
last night.
last
week.
two days
ago
last
month.
last year.

did not : didnt

Contoh:
Sorry sir, I did not come to you class yesterday.
The players did not play well in the friendly match.
Sorry mom, we did not wash the car.
You did not finish your work yesterday. Now finish it!
Tono did not make his bedroom today.
Elisabeth did not cook dinner last night.
The plane did not take of smoothly.
Betulkah penggunaan kata kerja berikut? Betulkan jika ada
yang salah.

Exercise
Lengkapilah dengan did not (didnt) dan V2.
1. (start) He __________ __________ working in supermarket.
2. (do)
We __________ __________ the homework. We dont have time.
3. (play)
Sandy __________ __________the guitar in the concert. He
played the piano.
4. (eat)
You __________ __________ the apple, but you ate the banana,
right?
5. (come) The people __________ __________ to the party.
6. (study) Rina and Dicky __________ __________ for the exam. Thats
why they got 5.
7. (pass) The city car __________ __________ the emission test.
8. (return) My friend __________ __________my book.
Oleh Ali Murtopo4

9. (stop)
Sue __________ __________ at the traffic light. So, police gave
her a ticket.
10. (visit) You __________ __________ your ailing grandma. Why?
Tulislah menjadi kalimat past simple. Gunakan did not (didt).
1. Use the new cell phone.
_I didnt use the new cell
phone.________________
2. Drink coffee this morning.
_________________________________________________________
3. Swim this week.
_________________________________________________________
4. Try the new recipe.
_________________________________________________________
5. Eat breakfast.
_________________________________________________________
6. See the headmaster.
_________________________________________________________
7. Study for the test.
_________________________________________________________
8. Watch the movie.
_________________________________________________________
9. Feed my pet fish.
_________________________________________________________
10. Sleep well last night.
_________________________________________________________
Apa yang (tidak) Anda dan keluarga Anda lakukan kemarin?
1. (go shopping)
I didnt go
shopping.______________________________
2. (wash the vehicles)
My father washed the
vehicles.____________________
3. (sweep the floor)
My
brother___________________________________________
4. (scold me)
My
mother____________________________________________
5. (do my hobby)
_________________________________________________________
6. (read a motivational book)
_________________________________________________________
7. (finish the homework)
_________________________________________________________
8. (see my grandma)
_________________________________________________________

Oleh Ali Murtopo5

9. (top up my call credit)

_________________________________________________________
10. (eat in a restaurant)
_________________________________________________________
11. (print the assignment)
_________________________________________________________
12. (smoke a pack of cigars today)
_________________________________________________________

Past Simple: yes/no questions

A.

Fungsi

Kalimat tanya past simple adalah kalimat yang kita pakai untuk
menanyakan apakah suatu hal dilakukan atau tidak dilakukan pada
waktu tertentu di masa lalu.
Contohnya:
Did Kate buy a new car last month?

Yes, she did.

Kalimat tersebut menanyakan apakah Kate membeli sebuah mobil baru

pada waktu tertentu (last month) di waktu lampau. Jawaban untuk
pertanyaan ini berbentuk ya/tidak. Jika Kate membeli sebuah mobil
baru, maka jawaban pertanyaan tersebut adalah Yes, she did. Tetapi jika
tidak, jawabannya adalah No, she didnt.
B.

Pola Kalimat

Kalimat tanya past simple memiliki pola yang berbeda dengan kalimat
pernyataan. Untuk membuat kalimat tanya, kita perlu meletakkan
auxiliary did di awal kalimat dan kata kerja present (V1).
Aux

Jawaban
Suby
ek
I

Did

they
we
you
he
she
it

V1

Ya

close the
door?
write a
letter?
meet John?
eat pecel?
read the
book?
wash dishes?
stop
working?

Yes,
Yes,
did.
Yes,
Yes,
Yes,
Yes,
Yes,

Contoh:
Have I paid you back?

Tidak

you did.
they
we did.
I did.
he did.
she did.
it did.

No, you did

not/didnt.
No, they did
not/didnt.
No, we did not/didnt.
No, I did not/didnt.
No, he did not/didnt.
No, she did
not/didnt.
No, it did not/ didnt.

Yes, you have. You have paid me $100.

Oleh Ali Murtopo6

Have your parents gone?

Have we met before?
Have you submitted your homework?
Has he told you about our trip to Bali?
Has she bought a present for Cindy?
Has your company run well?

No, they havent. theyre still at home.

Yes, we have. We have met twice.
No, I havent. Im still working on it.
Yes, he has. He has shown me the photos, too.
No, she hasnt. She hasnt bought anything.
Yes, it has. It has exported 10.000 cars.

Betulkah kalimat tanya yang digarisbawahi? Betulkan jika ada

yang salah.
Bob, have you seen The Raid?

Whats that?

Its the new box office action movie.

No, I havent. Have you?

Yes, I have. Ive seen it three times. I

love it.
Yes, it really is. I have bought the CD,
too.
No, I havent. lets exchange CDs.
Exercise

Wow! Three times? Is it good?

Lend me the CD then. I have bought
The Bomb. Have you watched it?
Sure. Here you are.

Lengkapilah dengan did. Kemudian lengkapilah jawabannya.

1.

Did ____Tim finish his homework?

Yes, he did.

2. __________your son learn swimming?

Yes,____________________________________
3. __________you and Sue watch the movie?
No,_____________________________________
4. __________your mother cook dinner?
Yes,____________________________________
5. __________I borrow your book?
Yes,____________________________________
6. __________Tom and Jerry fight each other?
No,_____________________________________
7. __________Bobby invite you to his party?
Yes,____________________________________
8. __________you wash the bike?
No,_____________________________________
9. __________your parents go on hajj?
Yes,____________________________________
10. __________David tell you about the problem?
No,_____________________________________
Tulislah pertanyaan untuk jawaban berikut.
1. Did you lose your cell-phone?___
Yes, I did. I lost my cell phone in the
mall.
2. __________________________________________
No, she didnt. Timy
didnt eat the cake.

Oleh Ali Murtopo7

3. __________________________________________
Yes, he did. Deny came
to my house.
4. __________________________________________
No, they didnt. They
didnt text me.
5. __________________________________________
Yes, she did. Santi lent
me a pen.
6. __________________________________________
No, it didnt. The car
didnt break down.
7. __________________________________________
Yes, they did. Po and Pi
stayed here.
8. __________________________________________
No, we didnt. Andy and
I didnt go out.
9. __________________________________________
Yes, I did. I cleaned the
toilet last night.
10. __________________________________________
No, he didnt. He
didnt play in the match.
Ubahlah menjadi kalimat tanya past simple.
1. (you / wear / new glasses) Did you wear new
glasses?.______________________
2. (Jack/drive / the tractor)
________________________________________________________
3. (your mother/sweep/the
floor)_________________________________________________________
4. (Tim/take/ a nap)
_________________________________________________________
5. (John/swim/in the dirty river)
_________________________________________________________
6. (the baby/drink/the milk)
_________________________________________________________
7. (the worker/paint/the house)
_________________________________________________________
8. (grandma/cook/the meat)
_________________________________________________________
9. (you/fry/the cassava)
_________________________________________________________
10. (he/repair/the truck)
_________________________________________________________
11. (Eddy/print/the photos)
_________________________________________________________
12. (you/stop/smoking)
_________________________________________________________
Tulislah kalimat pertanyaan dengan menggunakan did.

Oleh Ali Murtopo8

Did you cook with your mother?Yes, I did. I cooked my mother.

Oleh Ali Murtopo9