Living Things Inherit Traits in

Patterns
What Characteristics might be
inherited?
List some other characteristics you
have that might be inherited that we
have not already talked about in
class.

Parents and Offspring are Similar

Some traits are
acquired
Developed or learned
Can you name some
acquired traits?

Some traits are

inherited
Eye color
Hair color
Can you name some
more?

Genes are on chromosome

pairs
Genes code for traits in
organisms
Cells contain pairs of
chromosomes. One
chromosome of each pair
coming from each of the
two parents.
Chromosomes in pairs are
called homologs.
The chromosomes
resemble each other, but
the specific genes may
not be identical.

Alleles
The various forms
of the same gene
Alleles on a pair of
homologs, may or
may not be
different.

Determining Gender
The 23 pair of
chromosomes in
humans are the sex
chromosomes.
They are called the Xchromosome and the Ychromosome.
Human females have
two X-chromosomes.
Human males have one
X- and one Ychromosome

Wives of King Henry VIII

King Henry got rid of his first two
wives because they would not bear
him a male heir. Was this the fault of
King Henry VIII
his wives? Explain
had one son

(Edward) who
died at a young
age.
His daughter
Elizabeth became
one of the most
famous rulers in
history.

Gender Genes Fill in the

chart
Dad

Mom

Gives X or Y Gene

Only Gives X Gene

Offspring

Allele
one of the different
versions/forms
of a gene

Example:
gene: flower color
http://www.bio.miami.edu/~cmallery/150/mendel/allele.jpg
F = allele for purple
flowers
f = allele for white
flowers

dominant allele
allele
that will be
expressed
as a trait
if it is
present
Examples:
W
D
T

http://staff.jccc.net/PDECELL/celldivision/c
hromosome1.gif (modified)

recessive allele
allele which is
masked/hidde
n/ covered up
by the
dominant
allele
Examples:
w
d
t

http://staff.jccc.net/PDECELL/celldivision/c
hromosome1.gif (modified)

http://cache.gawker.com/asset
s/resources/2007/01/travoltahairclub.jpg

dominant trait
trait which
covers up/
hides/masks
the presence
of the
recessive trait
Examples:
Widows peak
Dimples

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fi
le:Mina_widows_peak.jpg

Allele Practice 1
If I have a
dominant allele for
brown eyes (B),
but a recessive
allele for black
eyes (b), what
would be the color
of my eyes?

Allele Practice 2
If R is dominant
for rough skin, and
r is recessive for
smooth skin, what
kind of skin would
you have if you
inherited two
recessive alleles
(rr)?

Phenotype
the physical
make-up of an
organism
the visible traits
of an organism
Examples:
Widows peak
no dimples
Tongue-rolling

http://www.uni.edu/walsh/widow.jpg

http://life.qoop.com/images/674098

Genotype
the genetic makeup of an organism
the non-visible
traits
of an
organism
Examples:
WW = (Widows
peak)
dd (no dimples)
Tt (Tongue-rolling)

http://www.uni.edu/walsh/widow.jpg

http://life.qoop.com/images/674098

Practice 1
Is eye color a
phenotype or
genotype?

Practice 2
Will Smith has
some really big
ears. List possible
genotypes that may
produce this
particular
phenotype.
B (big ears)
b (small ears)

Practice 3
Why are some
parents traits
expressed in
their offspring
while others are
not?

Heterozygous hybrid or
mixed
When the alleles are different.
We say Organisms are heterozygous
for that
trait.
Examples:
Aa = Blue Eyes (Heterozygous for blue
eyes)

Homozygous purebred or
same
When the alleles are the same.
We say Organisms are homozygous for that
trait.
Examples:

AA = Blue Eyes

(Homozygous for blue eyes)

or
aa = Brown Eyes (Homozygous for brown
eyes)

Practice 1
David has a dominant allele for brown eyes.
His mother is heterozygous for hazel eyes.
David is also homozygous for his eye color.
What are the genotypes of David and his
mother?
Davids Genotype:
Moms Genotype:

Practice 2
Madison has a recessive allele for narrow
shoulders. She meets Jacob who also has a
recessive allele for narrow shoulders but is
heterozygous for broad shoulders. Madison
also has broad shoulders.
What are the genotypes of Madison and Jacob?
Madisons Genotype:
Jacobs Genotype: