Fluid Mechanics: Assignment # 1.

1. Using indicial notation, show that

a(bc)=(a c)b(a b)c.
2. Show that the condition for the vectors a, b, and
c to be coplanar is ijk ai bj ck =0.
3. Prove the following relationships:
ij ij=3
pqr pqr =6
pqi pqj =2ij.
ijk klm= ij jm im jl
4. Show that
C CT = CT C = ,
where C is the direction cosine matrix and is the
matrix of the Kronecker delta.
5. Show that for a second-order tensor A, the
following three quantities are invariant under the
rotation of axes:
I1 = Aii
I2 =
I3 = det(Aij).

6. If u and v are vectors, show that the products

ui vj obey the transformation rule of the
components of a second-order tensor.
7. Show that ij is an isotropic tensor. That is, show
that ij = ij under rotation of the coordinate
system.
8. Show that the elements ij change as the
coordinate system is rotated, but they cannot be
larger than the largest eigenvalue or smaller than
the smallest eigenvalue. That is, the eigenvalues are
the extremum values of ij.
9. Let A be a vector and B be a tensor. Find the
rank of Grad A and Div B and check the result
using transformation rules.
10. Let A be a vector and B is a 2nd rank tensor.
Calculate the following:
(i) (Grad A).B ?
(ii) A. B