Aplikasi

Spektrofotometri
Infra Merah
Henry K.S

05/04/15

Aplikasi Spektrofotometri
Infra Merah

Near Infrared
Mid Infrared
Quantitative
Far Infrared

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: Quantitative
: Qualitative +
: Qualitative

Sample Handling

Jenis Sampel : Gas, Cairan, Padat

Gas
Sampel dimasukkan ke dalam
Cilinder Cell (Wadah Sample) dan
diamati spektrumnya.

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Larutan
Sampel dibuat dengan konsentrasi
0,1 10 % dalam pelarut tertentu
dan diletakkan di antara 2 sel yang
terbuat dari KBr atau NaCl
Cairan
Sampel diteteskan di antara 2 sel
KBr atau NaCl

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Pelarut yang digunakan

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Cell

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IR transparent Salt Plates

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The salt plates are cleaned

by rinsing into a waste
container with a suitable
organic solvent-commonly
cyclohexane.
NEVER WATER!
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CYCLOHEXANE
Solvent

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Dessicator
Water-free
Environment
for
Water-sensitive
Salt Plates.

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Tebal Cell

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Sampel Padat
KBr pellet (digerus dan dikempa
bersama KBr)
1 mg sampel dalam 100 mg KBr
Nujol mull (digerus dengan minyak
mineral, kemudian dijepit diantara dua
cakram garam.

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Pembuatan pelet KBr dengan alat sederhana

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Alat pengempa hidrolik

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 Mortir agat dan alat pengempa

Cakram NaCl
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Analisa Kualitatif

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Yang harus
diperhatikan saat
Posisi khas serapan suatu gugus.
mengamati Spektrum
Bentuk puncak (sharp, broad,
IR
shoulder)

Intensitas puncak (strong, weak,

medium)
THE EYE MUST BE TRAINED
Start simply, then slowly increase

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Haloalkana

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C-X ulur: 1430 500 cm-1

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Alkohol dan amina

O-H atau N-H : 3700 - 3000 cm-1
(-NH2: dua puncak)
serapan OH lebih intensif dibanding NH
C-O atau C-N : 1300 900 cm-1
Pengaruh ikatan hidrogen:
puncak lebar

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Alkohol

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Amina primer

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Amina sekunder

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Amina tersier

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Eter

C-O ulur : serapan kuat pada 1260-1050 cm-1

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Senyawa karbonil
Serapan C=O ulur (kuat)
: 1820 1640 cm-1
Aldehida, RCHO
: 1740 1720 cm-1
Keton, RCOR
: 1750 1705 cm-1
Asam karboksilat, RCOOH : 1725 1700 cm-1
Ester, RCOOR
: 1750 1735 cm-1

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Keton

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Aldehida
Ikatan H-C karbonil: 2 puncak lemah pada 2900 2820 cm-1 dan
2780 2700 cm-1

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Asam karboksilat
Serapan O-H ulur lebar mulai 3300 cm-1 miring ke kanan

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Ester

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Contoh Soal

Tentukan Struktur Kimia dari

Spektrum IR yang ada

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Kemungkinan Struktur
Kimia
O

HO

p-tolualdehyde

cyclohexanol

HO

OH

octanoic acid
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salicylaldehyde
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The compound is cyclohexanol.

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3100 -- The broad intense absorption band seen here is characteristic of

a carboxylic acid
2960 -- CH aliphatic stretch
2870 -- CH aliphatic stretching.
1720 C=O absorption
1415 -- Absorption in this region is due to CH3.
1290 -- Due to coupling of the in-plane OH bending and CO stretching.
950 -- OH out-of-plane bending
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The
compound is octanoic acid

3080 -- Aromatic CH absoprtion

2760 -- Aldehyde CH
1735 -- C=O absorption
1615 -- Carbonyl conjugated with the aromatic ring. The 1600
and 1500 bands for the aromatic nucleus are variable.
1414 -- The methyl bending vibrational band (1380 cm-1).
820 -- 2-adjacent hydrogens on an aromatic ring. Para
substitution.
The compound is p-tolualdehyde, 4-methylbenzaldehyde.
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3250 -- Hydrogen bonded OH.

3120 -- Aromatic CH.
2820 -- Aldehyde CH
1690 -- C=O
1600 & 1500 -- Aromatic nucleus.
1200 -- Phenol C-O absorption. The absorption for alcohols is
primary, 1050, secondary, 1100 and tertiary at 1150.
780 & 720 -- 4-adjacent hydrogens on an aromatic ring. Ortho
substitution.
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Suatu senyawa dengan Rumus Molekul C3H60

mempunyai Spektrum infra merah seperti
di bawah ini. Tentukan senyawa tersebut !

HO
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vinyl alcohol

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Di bawah ini adalah spektrum infra merah

dari cairan dengan titik didih tinggi yang
mempunyai rumus empiris C9H10O. Tentukan
kemungkinan senyawa tersebut.

COCH2CH3

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COCH3

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Problem #1: C5H10O

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Problem #2: C8H8O

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Problem #3: C7H8O

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Problem #4: C8H7N

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Problem #5: C7H6O

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Problem #6: C4H8O2

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Problem #7: C4H6

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Problem #8: C7H5OCl

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