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Beyond What We Can See

By: Daniel Ramirez & Leticia Rios

Electromagnetic Spectrum
-An Electromagnetic Spectrum is the range
of wavelengths or frequencies over which
electromagnetic radiation extends

Electromagnetic Spectrum
-The Electromagnetic Spectrum involves: Radio
waves, microwaves, infrared light, visible light,
ultraviolet light, x-rays, and gamma rays.

Electromagnetic Spectrum
-An example of the applications of
electromagnetic spectrum in the daily life of a
person would be the moment the person wakes
up in the morning and sees light. Visible light
the only familiar part of the spectrum prior to
eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, it is also the
narrowest region.

How it works
-The ancient Romans observed that a
brushed comb would attract particles
known as static electricity and studied
within the realm of electrostatics in
physics.

How it works
-The fathers of physics as a serious science,
Galileo Galilei(1564-1642) and Sir Issac
Newton(1642-1727) were concerned In particular,
the fact that gravitation alone could not account
for the strong forces holding atoms and molecules
together to form matter.

Herschels Experiment
-In the year 1800, Sir William Herschel discovered
the existence of infrared by performing an
experiment very similar to the one we below.
Herschel passed sunlight through a prism. A s
sunlight passes through the prism, the prism divides
it into a rainbow of colors called spectrum. A
spectrum contains all of the colors which make up
sunlight.

Important Facts
-Electromagnetic waves vary in length and
frequency. The shorter the wavelength, the
higher the frequency and also its energy.
All electromagnetic waves travel at
300,000 kilometers per second, which is
the speed of light. The speed of light can
be written as: 299,792,458 m/s.

Questions
1. What was Herschels original purpose for performing
his experiment? In 1800, Sir Frederick William Herschel,
with his sister, Caroline, set out to measure the amount
of heat.
2. What is the purpose of a control in an experiment? It
is used to establish a baseline to compare the results
of the main experiment.
3. Calculate the frequency of red light with a
wavelength of 650nm. F= c/ f=(299,792, 458 mls)/
(650nm) = 4.612192E14 = 4.61 X 10^14

Questions
4. Calculate the frequency of blue light with a
wavelength of 475nm. 299,792,458 = 3 X 10^8 4.75/3 X
10^-17 = 1.58 X 10^-17 = 1/1.58 X 10^-17 = 6.33
5. Using the equation, E=hf, where E=Energy, h=Planks
constant(6.26 X 10^-34Js), and f=frequency, calculate,
red light or blue light. E=(6.626 X 10^-34Js)/(650nm)
F=3.10 X 10^8/(650 X 10^-9) = 4.6 X 10^14
6. Which has a higher frequency, red light or blue light? Radio
waves have much longer wavelengths and lower frequencies
than do visible light waves. In contrast, x-rays have much
shorter wavelengths and higher frequencies. Likewise, red
light has a longer wavelength than blue light.

Change in
temperature
(C)

Observation
Blue

Red

Beyond Red

1 minute

30C

30C

30C

2 minutes

39C

39C

32C

3 minutes

39C

39C

33C

4 minutes

40C

39C

33C

5 minutes

41C

40C

33C

6 minutes

41C

40C

33C

7 minutes

42C

40C

33C

Observation
Change in
temperature
(C)

Blue

Red

Beyond Red

8 minutes

42C

40C

33C

9 minutes

43C

40C

33C

10 minutes

43C

40C

33C

Questions
1. What is the problem? How does the color blue and red
affect their change in temperature.
2A. Record your observations of the prism and the
effects it has on light. When I tilt the prism in a
direction I can see the colors.
2B. Herschel coated the bulbs of the thermometers he used
with black powder. What was the purpose of this? The bulbs
of the thermometers were blackened to better absorb heat.
2C. What factors do you need to consider as you decide
how to recreate Herschels experiment? The amount of sun
light outside, the position of the prism, the position of the
thermometers.

Questions
2D. Which thermometer showed the greatest difference
in temperature? Blue because it changed the most.
2E. Was it what you expected? No because I thought
red would attract more light because it is a darker
color than blue.
2F. What problems did you encounter in your experiment
design? Having the prism in the right spot where the sun light
could affect the prism more to make a bigger rainbow on the
box
2G. What changes could you have made to improve the
results? Having a bigger prism, doing the experiment
earlier to get more sunlight, smaller thermometers so they
could fit in the box perfectly.

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