DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL STUDIES

BERMUDA INSTITUTE
US History
Grade 9.2
May 21, 2015
Study Outline Spring Semester Final Exam
Test Format:
Sec 1: Spiritual Application 20 pts
Sec 2: Multiple Choice 25 pts
Sec 3: Short Answer 15 pts
Sec 4: Critical Thinking 20 pts
Sec 5: Maps and Chart Skills 20 pts
Sect 6: Document Analysis 20 pts
Sec 7: Essay Writing 20 pts
Total Points Possible: 140 PTS
Topics:
Launching the New Nation Sections 1,2&4
Balancing Nationalism and Sectionalism Sections 1,2&3
Reforming American Society Sections 1,2&3
Expanding Markets and Moving West Section 2
Union in Peril Sections 1,2,&4
Civil War Sections 1,2,3&5
Reconstruction Sections 1,2&3
Immigrants and Urbanization Section 2
Life at the Turn of the 21st Century Section 3
America Claims an Empire Sections 1&4
The Roaring 20s Section 1&4

Section 2 Multiple Choice Key Ideas

Which group was forcibly relocated by means of the "Trail of Tears"?
Cherokee
Which area did the Monroe Doctrine aim to free from European influence?
the Western Hemisphere
Which development led to a sharp rise in the number of slaves imported to the southern United States?
the cotton gin

Which event was a response to an unpopular excise tax imposed by the federal government?
the Whiskey Rebellion
What principle was affirmed in the Supreme Court case of Marbury v. Madison?
the right of the Supreme Court to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional
Why did the United States go to war against Britain in 1812?
Britain was interfering with U.S. foreign trade.
Over which of the following issues did the nation become divided in the 1790s?
whether the central government or state governments should be stronger
The Fourteenth Amendment was passed to provide a constitutional basis for the
Civil Rights Act of 1866.
President Andrew Johnson's plan for Reconstruction aimed to punish
Confederate leaders.
No one can be kept from voting because of race, color, or former enslavement, according to the
Fifteenth Amendment.
When the Civil War began, what was Abraham Lincoln's main goal?
to restore the Union
Which of the following abolished slavery in the North?
the Emancipation Proclamation
The Second Great Awakening centered on the belief that a person's salvation depended on
his or her own efforts.
One result of Nat Turner's rebellion was
the tightening of laws controlling African-American slaves.
Except for ___, all of the following were likely to approve of prohibition in the 1920s and early 1930s.
recent immigrants
The "Great Migration" of 1910-1920 refers to the movement of ___.
African Americans from the South to northern cities
The main significance of the trial of John T. Scopes was that ___.
it highlighted the struggle between science and religion in American schools
Except for ___, alcohol caused all of the following, according to most fundamentalists.
Evangelism
The rapid growth of industry in the United States helped fuel imperialism because
the United States was producing too many goods for its own people to buy.
The ___ fought for legislation to protect African-American rights under the leadership of ___.
NAACP, James Weldon Johnson

Which of the following did not keep African Americans in the South from voting?
the separate-but-equal doctrine
Which effect can be traced directly to the Supreme Court's ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson?
Racial segregation was permitted for nearly 60 years.
Lincoln suspended ___ to deal with dissent in the Union states.
the writ of habeas corpus
Which of the following was not an example of Northern resistance to the Fugitive Slave Act?
raids to free slaves in border states
The Sedition Act allowed the national government to jail people for
making negative statements about the government.

Section 3 Short Answers

How did Hamilton and Jeffersons views of the government and the economy differ?
Hamilton wanted a strong central government and an economy that helped trade and industry.
Jefferson wanted a weak central government that favored farmers.
Why might some states feel justified in refusing to obey the Alien and Sedition Acts?
The peoples liberties were endangered.
What was the purpose of the Monroe Doctrine?
This was intended to prevent European Interference in American affairs
Outline the areas in which Americans pushed for reforms?
The establishment of tax supported public education, treatment of the mentally ill, and improved
conditions of prisons.
How did David Walker and Fredrick Douglas views differ in regards to abolition?
David Walker urged African Americans to fight for their freedom. Fredrick Douglas wrote and spoke
powerfully in favor of freeing the slaves through non-violence.
Why was the issue of slavery in the territories so important to the North and the South?
The north felt that more slaves would give the south too much power in Congress. Southerners felt
they should be able to take their slaves into the territories.
Name two reactions to the Emancipation Proclamation
In the north, it gave the war a high moral purpose; in the south, people became ven more determined
to preserve their way of life.
What happened to the economies of the North and the South as a result of the Civil War?
The northern economy boomed because they were manufacturing a variety of goods which could be
transported via the railroads; the absence of the slave labor system in the south caused the southern
economy to collapse.
What was Lincolns plan for re-admitting Confederate states to the Union?

It included pardoning Confederates if they would swear allegiance to the Union, and it called for a
state to be readmitted in the Union once 10% of voters in the state swore allegiance to the Union.
Outline the urban problems that immigrants faced who lived in the cities
Overcrowded and unsanitary settlements, poor drinking water, garbage and sewage lined streets, large
transit systems had to be constructed to move people from one place to the other quickly, and fires.
In what ways did Southern States restrict the voting rights of American Americans?
Poll tax, literacy tests, and the grandfather clause (be sure to explain this)
Describe the three roots of American Imperialism
A desire for military strength, a thirst for new markets to source raw materials and sell produced
goods, and a belief in the superiority of American culture.
How did fundamentalism lead to the Scopes trial?

Fundamentalists believed in the Bible was literally true. This led to the passage of the law
against teaching evolution. John Scopes broke the law.
Describe the contributions of one artist of the Harlem Renaissance
Langston Hughes Famous poet who wove jazz and blues into his poems. Zora Neale Hurston
collected folklore and wrote novels, stories and poems.
How did the NAACP and Marcus Garveys followers respond to racial discrimination?
The NAACP used peaceful protests to fight against lynching, Marcus Garvey wanted to build a
separate society for African Americans.

Section 4 - Critical Thinking

Choose three women whom you studied in this semester and discuss their contributions to reform movements in the
1840s. Why do you think women were motivated to take part in working for reforms at this time? Base your
explanation on details about at least one of the women you discussed.
Think About:
- the abolitionist movement
- other reform movements
- the Second Great Awakening
- responses to women's involvement in these movements
Sample Answers: Elizabeth Cady Stanton, the Grimk sisters, Dorothea Dix, Sojourner Truth, Lucretia Mott, and Emma
Willard were leaders in reform movements. Despite the cultural expectation that women limit their social contributions to those
of mother and housewife, many middle-class white women were inspired by the Second Great Awakening to work for reform,
which called on individuals to take responsibility for improving themselves and society. Women were especially active in the
abolitionist movement. They spoke out against slavery in public, raised money, and gathered signatures for petitions to Congress.
As activists in this movement, women became aware that they could make a difference in the public sphere. Often subjected to
disapproval for their involvement, they also became more intensely aware of limits on their own social and political rights. As a
result, female abolitionists such as Stanton and Mott also began to work for women's rights. They organized the first women's
rights convention and helped draw up a statement of goals for women's equality that was modeled on the Declaration of
Independence.

The 1920s was a time of change in the literary world. Many modern American writers were expatriated, while many
others were at home contributing to the Harlem Renaissance. Compare and contrast common themes in the works of
Harlem Renaissance writers and in the writing of the expatriates.

Think About:
- the perspectives of the authors
- the personal experiences of the authors
- the cultural and social climate of the time

Sample Answers: The 1920s was a time of industrial growth and urbanization, leading to materialism and the loosening of
family ties. The authors of the Harlem Renaissance were coming from a background of racial prejudice and an experience in a
country they sometimes felt was not their own. Both the expatriates and the Harlem Renaissance writers had just experienced
World War I and its ramifications. The cultural and social climate, as well as the experiences of both sets of authors, led to many
themes of disillusionment and longing for a "home" that was not based on prejudice, materialism, and hatred.

What can you conclude from the fact that prohibition failed to meet its goals? Identify and support at least three
conclusions.
Think About:
- reasons for the legislation
- results of the legislation
- enforcement of the law

Sample Answers: It is extremely difficult to change people's habitual behaviors. Many people were unwilling to give up
drinking just because the law required them to do so. The government cannot "legislate morality." People who thought it was
morally acceptable to drink did not stop just because of a law based on other people's morality. Laws that do not have
widespread popular support are hard to enforce. So many people broke the law that the government's efforts to enforce it were
spread too thin. Many normally law-abiding people will break laws they consider foolish. The people going to speakeasies and
hiding liquor in hollow books were not, in other ways, habitual criminals. Laws must have adequate enforcement dollars behind
them. One reason prohibition failed was the lack of money for enforcement.

Why are the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments considered the greatest achievements of Reconstruction?
Think About:
- why the amendments were needed
- how each amendment affected the rights of African Americans
- the role of the Constitution in protecting people's rights

Sample Answer: Although the Republican Congress passed several laws to establish the civil rights of African Americansincluding the right to citizenship and the right to vote-black codes, white violence and intimidation, and presidential vetoes
undermined these laws. The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments provided a stronger, constitutional basis for African
Americans' civil rights. The Fourteenth Amendment guaranteed citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United
States. The Fifteenth Amendment stated that a person's race could not affect the right to vote. These amendments gave the federal
government the power to protect civil rights in areas of the country where local and state officials refused to do so. They formed
the foundation on which social and political equality for African Americans (and others) could be built.

Section 7 - Essay
These are the themes/concepts that your essay questions will be based on. Choose any one
topic and focus your study on that specific topic in relation to other surrounding themes.
You will also be required to add a spiritual application to your topic.
1. Segregation and Discrimination: How did segregation and discrimination affect the lives of
African Americans at the beginning of the 20th century?
2. Trail of Tears: Andrew Jackson was justified in his actions when he forced Cherokee Indians
from land that they settled on in the 1830s. Argue for or against this statement. How did the Trail
of Tears alter the lives of Native Americans?

3. Conscription: How would you react if you were drafted to fight in the Civil War for the Union or
Confederacy? Discuss conscription and its impact on American society.
4. Emancipation Proclamation: The Emancipation Proclamation did not accomplish its intended
purpose. Take a position on this statement and support your answer.
5. Abolition Movement: Outline the challenges that Abolitionist leaders faced in trying to end
slavery. Why was the nation divided on the issue of slavery?
6. Causes and Effects of Prohibition: Analyze the causes and effects of Prohibition. Outline how
the effects of prohibition have affected society even today.