YenaShellySuh

Mr.OBrien
ChemistryHonors
28May2013
FashionDesignandChemistry
3thingsfrommyprogramarea,FashionDesign,thatinvolvechemistryare:manmade
fibers,finishingprocesses,anddyes.Itsreallyamazinghowacombinationofcertainchemicals
canresultinallofthesethings.Itcanhelpmakeabulletproofvest,aflameresistanthat,ora
colorfuldress.Manmadefiberscanbemadebycombiningchemicalsandspinningthem,this
processresultsinover20kindsoffibers.Finishingprocesscanimproveappearanceandquality
ofgarments.Andwithdyes,youcangiveagarmentlifebydirectdyingorsubstantivelydying
fabricsorgarments.
Somecommonlyknownmanmadefibersare:acetate,polyester,acrylic,rayon,nylon,
andspandex.Theyaremadebycombiningchemicalsandputtingthemintoaprocess,typically
spinning,tomakeitthreadlike.Forexamplenylonismadewithadipicacid(AA)and
hexamethylenediamine(HMD).Theyaremixedandheatedtoveryhightemperatures.Thiswill
causeendstochaintogetheronebyonewhichisthenpouredintoaspinningdrumtoprevent
clumpingwhenthefibersdry.Othermanmadefiberssuchaskevlarandzyloncanbevery
useful.Kevlar,forexample,hascrosslinkingthatmakesitabletowithstandanyforcewhichis
whyitisusedtomakethingslikebulletproofvests.Zylonaswellisaverystrongmaterial.
Fiberslikespandexareveryhelpfulaswell,especiallytoathletesorsuperheroes.Itisstretchier
thanrubbersoitallowsthemtomovehowevertheywanttoo.

Finishingprocessesareapartofmakingfabricsthatalsoinvolveschemistrywhere
chemicalsareusedtoachieveadesiredfabricproperty.Theseareusuallyaddedtofabricsafter
dyeingandcolorationbutcanalsobeaddedtoyarnsorgarments.Thereareactually3kindsof
finishes,mechanical,chemical,andsmart,butwewillbefocusingonthechemicalfinishes.The
5chemicalfinishingprocessesare:bleaching,mercerising,shrinkresist,creaseresist,andflame
resistant.Thiscanhelptheoverallappearance,properties,andqualityofaproductorgarment.
Dyesalsoplayabigpartinfashion,sinceitgiveslifetogarments,whichinvolves
chemistry.Twokindsaredirectdyes,whicharecharged,watersolubleorganiccompoundsthat
bindtoionicandpolarsitesonfabricmolecules,andsubstantivedyes,whichinteractwitha
fabricprimarilyviahydrogenbondingbetweenelectrondonatingnitrogenatoms(N:)inthedye
andpolarOHorCONHgroupsinthefabric.Directdyesarebettertousesincethemolecules
ofthedyecontainpositiveandnegativechargedgroupswhichmakeitabsorbeasily.Somedyes
mightnotbeasgoodasothersandthisisavisibledifferencebecausedyesthatarentas
effectivewillfadeasyouwashthem,butverygooddyeswillnotbecausetheyormolecularly
bondedtothefabric.Differentdyesmoleculesareuniqueaswell.Sincetheyareshaped
differently,theywaytheyabsorblightisdifferentaswellwhichresultsinadifferentcolordye.
Topreventthisathirdmoleculeisusuallyaddedtoactasabondbetweenthedyeandfabric
molecules.
Overall,Itisgreattoseehowmuchfashioncaninvolvechemistry.Beingabletotake
chemicalsandcreatethesethingsareanamazingfeat.Theprocessofmanmadefibers,finishing
process,anddyingareveryinterestingandhaveabigeffectonthesuccessofclothing.Thanks
tochemistrythereareover20differentmanmadefibers,safeandgoodqualityclothes,andthe

possibilityofgivinglifetogarmentsthroughcolor.Whetheritsforabulletproofvest,aflame
resistanthat,oracolorfuldresschemistryinpartofitall.

WorksCited
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BBCNews
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"EverydayChemistryHowAreSyntheticFibresMade?"
TheHumanTouchofChemistry
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WATConsult,n.d.Web.28May2013.
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TheHumanTouchofChemistry
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WATConsult,n.d.Web.28May2013.
"ManmadeFibres."
TextileDictionary:TheInternetCentreforCanadianFashionandDesign
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NTG,ClarityTelecomInc.,n.d.Web.28May2013.
Schindler,WolfgangD.,andPeterJ.Iauser.
ChemicalFinishingofTextiles.

ChemicalFinishing
ofTextiles
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GoogleBooks
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TheChemistryofDyes
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Scioto.dublin.k12.oh.us
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<http://scioto.dublin.k12.oh.us/academics/science/bolles/CHEM_ONE/16_DYES/Dye_binding_
lab.pdf>.