Evaluation of wind load acting on a vertical wall

we = IW*cpe*qp(ze)
IW= importance-exposure factor=
1,15 - Ist class: hospitals that have emergencies sections, fire stations, police headquarters,
parking ground emergency services, water tanks;
1,10 - IInd class: hospitals and building health systems with a capacity of more than 100
persons (excepting the ones from the Ist class), schools, high-schools, universities,
multistory buildings for living, buildings with offices, buildings with height between 28
and 45 m;
1,00 - IIIrd class: current type buildings
0,80 - IVth class: construction of little importance to public safety, low occupancy,
temporary buildings
cpe=aerodynamic pressure/suction coefficient for exterior surfaces
qp(ze)= peak value of wind dynamic pressure measured at the ze height
ze=reference height

Roofs with two slopes

ze=h

qp(ze)= cpq(z)*qm(z)
cpq(z)= gust factor for average wind dynamic pressure at he height z, above the ground;
qm(z)= average wind pressure at height z above the ground, on rigid exterior or interior surfaces;
cpq(z)= 1+2*g*Iv(z)
g= peak factor, with the recomanded value g=3,5;
Iv(z)= with turbulence intensity, at heirht z
Iv(z)=
()/(2,5*ln(z/z0)), for zmin<zzmax=200m
()/(2,5*ln(zmin/z0)), for zzmin
= proportionality factor depending on the category of land
z0= roughness height, in [m]
z= height of the construction above the ground, in [m], (is measured from the entrance, that is
lower than +0,00, the first slab height, until the roof, taking into account the two storys that we
have for this buldind)
Values of function of the terrain category
Terrain
0
I
category

2,74

2,74

II

III

IV

2,66

2,35

2,12

qm(z)=cr2(z)*qb
cr2(z)= roughness factor for wind dynamic pressure
z0= roughness height, in [m]
Terrain category
Description of the terrain
0
Sea side
Lakes or flat and horizontal terrain without
I
vegetation
Open filed- terrains with grass or with isolated
II
obstacles at distances of at least 20 times the height
of the obstacle
Areas uniform covered with vegetation or buildings,
or isolated obstacles at distances of at the most 20
III
times the height of the obstacle (villages, suburban
terrain, woods)
Areas where at least 15% of the surface is covered
IV
with constructions that have at more than 15m in
height

z0 (m)
0,003

zmin [m]
1

0,01

0,05

0,3

10

qb= reference value of wind dynamic pressure, according to the map that is inserted below

Fig. 3: Zoning of the reference values of wind dynamic pressure, q b, kPa, with the period of reccurence of
50 years

cr2(z)=

kr2(z0)*[ln(z/z0)]2, for zmin<zzmax=200m

kr2(z0)*[ln(zmin/z0)]2, for zzmin
kr, kr2= terrain factor

Terrain
category
kr(z0)
kr2(z0)

II

III

IV

0,155
0,024

0,169
0,028

0,189
0,036

0,214
0,046

0,233
0,054