JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW TEMPLATE

North American University

Education Department
M.Ed. in Educational Leadership and M.Ed. in Curriculum and Instruction
EDUC 5324
Name:Sadan Gunonu

Date: 07/11/2015

Cite the reviewed article in APA format: Dogan,B. &r Almus,K. (2014) School
Administrators Use of iPads: Impact of Training and Attitudes Toward School Use,
Computers in the Schools: Interdisciplinary Journal of Practice, Theory, and Applied
Research, 31:3, 233-250, DOI: 10.1080/07380569.2014.932660
INTRODUCTION
Research Questions (if research questions are not specifically mentioned, what is the
theoretical background or overarching theme):
1. What is the impact of the training process on school administrators use of iPads
for administrative tasks and personal organization in their professional duties?
2. What is the impact of the training process on school administrators beliefs
regarding how teachers should use iPads in the classroom?
3. Are there any differences in school administrators survey responses based on
gender, age, years of experience in school administration and education, highest
degree attained, school classification, or school size?
Purposeoftheresearch: As Apple iPads

are lately being used in schools for educational

purposes, school administrators have the key role for the implementation of this new
technology. First train them and measure the impact of using ipads for their professional
duties.
METHODOLOGY
What is the methodology for the research or approach used to understand the issue?
Provide information regarding the following:
Participants: Collectively, 51 subjects were selected through a purposive sampling from
the target population. Participants in this study were contacted by email through the
school systems central office, after securing approvals from the school district and the
university. Training and resources was provided throughout the spring semester of the
20122013 school year. Participants were asked to complete consent forms prior to the
study as required by the school district and the universitys Institutional Review Board
(IRB). Fifty-one participants who owned iPads volunteered to complete the pre-survey

out of approximately 120 school administrators in the school system. While 58.8% (n =
30) of the pre-survey participants were male, 41.2% (n = 21) of the participants were
female.
Procedures:
An interactive webinar session was used for training by getting feedback from them. The
training topics designed to develop iPad skills and use certain workflow, note-taking,
calendar, productivity, file-sharing, remote-desktop, presentation, and screen-sharing
applications covered specifically from a principals perspective. Additional resources
reinforcing the topics covered in the initial training session were provided later to school
administrators in the form of video and written tutorials for their convenience. Technical
support regarding the training topics and study was available to participants on an
ongoing basis. Researchers provided technical support to school administrators via e-mail
and telephone.
Data Collection Methods/Data Source:
Study components included a pre-survey, a training session on the effective use of iPads
for administrative tasks and personal organization, specially designed resources
expanding the topics covered in the training session, on-going support, and a post-survey.
The study was conducted February through May 2013. As researchers, we developed two
survey instruments as a mechanism to collect data, which were administered online
through the survey submission system hosted at the universitys server. The pre-survey
was administered at the beginning of the spring 2013 semester and the post- survey was
given at the end of the four-month study period. Demographic information collected on
the pre-survey included age, years of experience as a school administrator, years of
experience in education, highest degree earned, school classification, and school size. The
pre-survey also included questions measuring if and how school administrators were
currently using their iPads for their daily school-related tasks, their beliefs about the
effectiveness of iPads for administrative tasks, and if and how school teachers should be
using iPads in the classroom.

Data Analysis:
Survey instruments included multiple choice and Likert-type scale items. The survey
responses were reported as frequencies. In addition, paired sam- ple t-test data analysis
was conducted to understand the differences in the responses between the pre- and postsurveys. A one-way Analysis of Vari- ance (ANOVA) test was conducted to see whether
there were any differences in school administrators responses by gender, age, years of
experience in school administration and education, highest degree attained, school classification, and school size. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software was
used to conduct the data analysis.
RESULTS
Findings or Results (or main points of the article):

In conclusion, overall results of this study suggest that in order for school administrators
to be successful in using iPads for professional duties, especially for administrative tasks
and personal organization, sufficient and ongoing training is recommended. As school
administrators are seen as both the instructional and technological leaders of their
schools, receiving appropriate training would not only allow them to be efficient in
performing work-related tasks but also positively effect the successful implementation of
iPads by teachers and students.

DISCUSSIONS
Conclusions/Implications (for your profession): I am surprised with the age of
administrators and the length of their career was very short. I am wondering about school
system. I am skeptical about their reputation towards advice of using ipads by teacher in
classrooms as replacement of computer.
REFLECTIONS
Students Reflections (changes to your understanding; implications for your
school/work): As a former math teacher, I definitely decide to use for practicing of
formulas and questions. Students has a fear of math the main reason lack of solving
questions. Math is understood very well by solving question not reading questions.
Additionally they need to use paper and pencil to solve and digest math. I served 15 years
as a math teacher, there is no change in my mind about replacing paper and pencil with
technology

Dogan,B. &r Almus,K. (2014) School Administrators Use of iPads: Impact of Training
and Attitudes Toward School Use, Computers in the Schools: Interdisciplinary Journal of
Practice, Theory, and Applied Research, 31:3, 233-250, DOI:
10.1080/07380569.2014.932660