Pembuktian Rumus-Rumus
sin x cos x 1
2
Pitagoras =
;
a b c
2
a
sin x
c
b
cos x
c
2
2
2
2
2
a
b
a
b
c
sin 2 x cos 2 x 2 2
2 1
2
c
c
c
c
Pembuktian Rumus-Rumus
1
sin x 1 cos 2 x
2
2
Bukti :
1
sin x 1 cos 2 x
2
2
Latihan.
Buktikan bahwa
1
sin x cos x sin x y sin x y
2
Jawab:
sin x cos x dx
m 2k 1
sin x cos x sin
m
2 k 1
x cos x sin
n
2k
x cos x sin x
Jadi
n 2k 1
Jadi :
Contoh soal
sin
x cos x dx ...
1 3
1 5
sin x sin x d sin x sin x sin x c
3
5
Contoh soal
cos
2 x sin 2 x dx ...
3
cos 2 x cos 5 2 x c
14
10
1.
2.
sin
3 x cos 3 x dx ...
5
sin
x
dx
....
Jawabannya adalah:
1.
2.
1
1
cos 8 3 x cos 6 3 x c
24
18
cos x
2
1
cos 3 x cos 5 x c
3
5
sin x cos x
1
sin x 1 cos 2 x
2
1
2
cos x 1 cos 2 x
2
1
sin x cos x sin 2 x
2
2
Contoh soal
cos 3 x sin 3 x dx
2
cos 3 x sin 3 x
sin 2 3 x dx
1
1
sin 6 x
1 cos 6 x dx
2
2
1
cos
12
x
sin
6
x
cos
6
x
dx
8 2
1
1
1
2
dx
cos 12 x d 12 x
sin 6 x d sin 6 x
2
24
6
1
8
1 x 1
1
sin
12
x
sin
6
x
c
8 2 24
18
cos
x dx .......
Jawabannya:
1
1
cos 4 x dx 1 cos 2 x dx
4
2
1 2 cos 2 x cos
1 3
1
x sin 2 x sin 4 x c
4 2
8
2 x dx
dx
k
h
sin x cos x dx
cos
ec
x
sec
x dx
k
h
sin x cos x
m
cos ec
x sec h 2 x sec 2 x dx
Ingat
1
sin x
1
d tgx d
d
sin
x
sin
x
d
cos
x
cos
x
cos
x
cos x
1
dx sin x
sin x dx
2
cos x
cos x
sin 2 x
1
2
1
dx
dx
sec
x dx
2
2
cos x
cos x
cos ec
x sec h 2 x d tgx
cos ec x cos ec x
k
1
1 2
tg x
1 2
cos
2
1
2
2
sin x
sin
k
k
2
1 tg 2 x 2
2
tg x
sec
h2
x sec x
2
Jadi
1 tg x
2
tg
x
1 tg x
h2
1 tg x
2
k h
1
2 2
tg x
1 tg x
2
h2
d tgx
k h
tg x
1 tg x
d tgx
d tgx
h2
Contoh soal
dx
2
4
2
2
2
cos
ec
2
x
sec
2
x
dx
cos
ec
2
x
sec
2
x
sec
2 x dx
2
4
sin 2 x cos 2 x
1
1 cot g 2 2 x 1 tg 2 2 x d tg 2 x
2
1
1
1 2 1 tg 2 2 x d tg 2 x
2
tg 2 x
1
1
2
2 2 tg 2 x d tg 2 x
2
tg 2 x
1
1
1 3
(2tg 2 x
tg 2 x) c
2
tg 2 x 3
ctg x cos ec x 1
2
ctg x cos ec x dx
tg x sec x 1
:
tg x sec x dx
Contoh soal
3
ctg
2 x cos ec 2 x dx .........
3
2
ctg
2
x
cos
ec
2
x
dx
ctg
2 x ctg 2 x cos ec 2 x dx
Latihan soal
tg x sec x dx ......
tg 3x sec 3x dx
3
Gunakan rumus
sin mx cos nx dx
sin mx sin nx dx
cos mx cos nx dx
1:
sin mx cos nx sin m n x sin m n x
2
1
sin mx sin nx cos m n x cos m n x
2
1
cos mx cos nx cos m n x cos m n x
2
Contoh soal
1
cos 8 x cos10 x dx
1
1
sin 8 x
sin 10 x c
16
20
Latihan soal
1. sin 3 x cos 5 x dx ..........
2. 1 cos 5 x 2 dx ......
3
INTEGRAL DENGAN
SUBSTITUSI
f x dx ...
Susah diintegralkan
x u
dx ' u du
f x dx f u ' u du u du
F u c
a bx
disubsitusi :
sehingga :
u a bx
n
a bx
Contoh soal
x
2 3x
substitusi
dx .....
u 2 3x
3
d 2 3x
du
3u du 3dx
2
dx u du
2
1 3
x u 2
3
Sehingga
x2
2 3x
1 3
dx
2
3 3
u
1
2
u du
9
2 2
u du
2
u
2
4u 3 4 du
1 1 7
4
u
4
u
c
9 7
7
4
1
1 1
2 3 x 3 2 3 x 3 4 2 3 x 3 c
9 7
1
1
2 3 x 3 2 3 x 2 7 2 3 x 28 c
63
a bx
disubsitusi :
u a bx
m
Contoh soal
a
x
dx ...
u x a
2
Misal :
x u a
2
2u du 2 x dx
u du
u du
dx
2
2
x
u a
a
x
dx
u
2
u a
2
u du
2
2
u du
...
2
2
2
2
u a
u a
u 4 u 2u 2 u 2 u 2 a 2 a 2 u 2 u 2 a 2 u 2 a 2
u 2 u 2 a 2 a 2 u 2 a 2 a 2 u 2 u 2 a 2 a 2 u 2 a 2 a 4
Jadi :
a
x
u2 u 2 a2 a2 u2 a2 a4
dx
du
2
2
u a
a
1 3
du
2
2
2
4
u a 2
du
a
u
a
2
2
2
3
u
a
u
SUBSTITUSI DENGAN
TRIGONOMETRI
a b x
2
a b x
b x a
substitusi :
a
x sin u
b
substitusi :
a
x tg u
b
substitusi :
a
x sec u
b
Contoh soal
dx
25 x 2 16
Misal :
dx
2
25 x 16
2
4
dx sec 2 u du
5
4
x tg u
5
4
2
sec u du
5
5
16
4
2
2
tg u 16 tg u 16
5
5 sec 2 u du
5
4 tg 2 u 4 sec u 16
d sin u
5 1
c
2
16 sin u
sin u
cos 2 u du
sin 2 u cos u
dx
5 1
c
2
16 sin u
25 x 16
5
1
5 sec u
5
c
c
16 tg u cos u
16 tg u
16
25 2
x 1
5 16
1 1 25 x 2 16
c
c
5
16
44
x
x
4
25 x 2 16
c
16 x
tg 2 u 1
c
tg u
Pendahuluan
x4 x3 x 1 x x3 x2 x3 x3 x 1
x 1
x 3
3
2
3
2
2
x x
x x
x x
Contoh Soal
2x 1
dx ....
3
x 7x 6
2 x 1 dx
x 1 x 2 x 3
2x 1
A
B
C A x 2 x 3 B x 1 x 3 C x 1 x 2
x 1 x 2 x 3 x 1 x 2 x 3
x 1 x 2 x 3
Jadi :
A x 2 x 3 B x 1 x 3 C x 1 x 2 2 x 1
A, B, C....???
Cara 1:
2x 1
3 dx
dx
1
x 3 7 x 6 dx 4 x 1 x 2 4
dx
x3
Cara 2:
A x 2 x 3 B x 1 x 3 C x 1 x 2 2 x 1
2x 1
3 dx
dx
1
x 3 7 x 6 dx 4 x 1 x 2 4
dx
x3
3
1
ln x 1 ln x 2 ln x 3 c
4
4
Contoh Soal
3x
22 x 19 dx
x 2 x 3
...
3 x 2 22 x 19
x 2 x 3
A
B
C
x 2 x 3 x 3 2
3x
22 x 19 dx
3
4
dx
dx
2
2
x2
x 2 x 3
x 3
4
3 ln x 2
c
x 3
2
Ax B
ax 2 bx c
Contoh Soal
dx
...
3
x x
1
1
A Bx C A x 2 1 Bx 2 Cx
3
2
x x 1
x x x x 1
x x2 1
dx
x
1
2
dx
3
x x
x x 1
1 d x 2 1
1
2
ln x
ln
x
ln
x
1 c
2
2
2
x 1
x
ln
c
2
x 1
ax 2 bx c ax 2 bx c
Contoh Soal
2x3 x 3
dx ...
...
An x Bn
ax
bx c
2x3 x 3
Ax B Cx D
Ax B x 2 2 Cx D
2
2
2
2
2
x 2
x 2
x 2
Ax 3 Bx 2 2 Ax 2 B Cx D Ax 3 Bx 2 2 A C x 2 B D 2 x 3 x 3
B 0
D 2B 3
2x3 x 3
C 3
2A C 1 4 C
A2
dx
D3
2 xdx
2
x 2
3 x 3 dx
2 xdx
d x2 2
2
ln
x
2 c
2
2
x 2
x 2
3 x 3 dx 3 x 1
2x3 x 3
dx 3
xdx
2
dx
2
3 3 x 3 8 2 arctg
2 x 2 4 x 2
dx ln x 2 2
3 x 2 3 2
ln x 2
arctg
2
8
4 x 2
ax b
F x ,
ax b
p
q
ax b
uq
Substitusi :
ax b
Contoh Soal
1
x
x4
dx ...
x1
u2 4
x
1 u2
x4
1 x4
2
Substitusi
:
u
dx
...
x x1
x1
2u
u2 4
2u du
dx
2
2
2
1u
1 u
1 u2 u2 4
2u
1
x
1 u 2 6 u du
x4
dx 2
u
6
2
2
x 1
u 4 1u
du
1 u
2 2
u 2 du
6
2
2
1u u 4
6 u du
1 u
2 2
u 2 du
u2 1 u2 4
1
1
1
1
u 1
u 2
6
3
3
6
du
ln
2
ln
c
u 1
u 2
u 1 u 1 u 2 u 2
Contoh Soal
x 2
dx
x 4x 1
2
...
x 2
dx
x 4x 1
2
du
u2
1 1 3u 2
u u2
1
2
du
1 3u
...
Contoh Soal
Rumus Dasar
e u e u
sinh u
2
e u e u
ctgh u u
e e u
e u e u
cosh u
2
2
sec h u u
e e u
e u e u
tgh u u
e e u
cos ech u
2
e u e u