Wednesday August 5, 2015

Good Morning!
Please pick up a copy of the blank
colonies map on the front desk.
Pick up a textbook from the front of the
room.
Begin working to identify the colonies
on your map.

The Colonial Era

Chapters 2 & 3

Why did Europeans come to the Americas?

The 3 Gs of
Exploration:
God spread Christianity
Gold and other
resources like silver &
spices; also wealth & new
markets for goods
Glory adventure, fame,
and power

Who came to the Americas?

Explorers & settlers from

England
Denmark
The Netherlands
France
Portugal
Russia
Spain

Think about it:

Which groups settled in what is
today the United States?

The English Colonies

What does that

mean?
charter certificate of
permission
joint-stock company
business plan founded &
run by a group of people
who invest in the plan &
share any money made
(or lost)

Delawares original royal charter

The English Colonies

Two Main Types of

Colonies:
Royal under the direct
control of the Crown
(monarch of England)

Proprietary belonged to
wealthy individuals or
companies

The English Colonies

1st English colony: Roanoke

Sir Walter Raleigh
island in Virginia (today NC
coast)
twice settled & failed
Why?
ships had trouble landing
sandy, infertile soil

The Virginia Colony

What does
this
advertisem
ent reveal
about the
Jamestown
colony?

What are the advantages of this

location? Disadvantages?

Virginia

Date founded: 1607 (1st proprietary, 1624 royal)

Founder/Group: Virginia Company
Reasons for Settlement: gain wealth for England
and help with Englands population growth
Significant Facts:

Jamestown (1607)
Powhatan & Indian lands
John Smith
John Rolfe & Pocahontas
tobacco cultivation
House of Burgesses (1619)
Bacons Rebellion (1676)

John Smith took control, forced colonists to farm,

& negotiated with nearby Powhatan Indians

He who will not work,

will not eat

Jamestown Reading

Read document and answer the questions

included in the reading.

Thursday August 6, 2015

Welcome!

Please place your American Dream project

in the blue chair in the front of the room.

Please take out your Jamestown packet from

yesterday and continue working on the
assignment.

Disease
Jamestown

especially Malaria
from mosquitoes in
swamps
Hunger
colonists too
weakened by disease
to farm
War
with Indians under
Powhatans leadership

Reasons for Struggle

Stake in the land

colonists owned and
worked their own land
Tobacco Cultivation
led by John Rolfe,
wealth for England
Free Land
got 50 acres if your
paid for your passage
(or someone elses)
Reasons for
Success/Growth

Virginias House of
Burgesses

Think about it
What was the purpose of the House of
Burgesses?
representative body people could make laws
Who could participate in it?
male landowners over 17 years
What powers did it have?
make laws and make taxes
What legacy/trend did it start?
colonists making decisions for themselves

Social Hierarchy in the Chesapeake

The owners of tobacco
plantations
Small
farmers
were
the
Tobacco
was the
basis
largest
class;
Cameof
as
of wealth
& cause
indentured
servants;
social inequalities
most were very poor
Indentured servants
were often mistreated
African slaves

Bacons Rebellion

Forced onto less fertile

lands in interior b/c of
population growth

War w/ Indians

Gov. William Berkeley

taxed heavily & gave
money to wealthy

Causes

Berkeley would not let

settlers attack all Indians

Settlers led by Nathaniel

Bacon rebelled (1676)
burned Jamestown

Bacon died & rebellion

ended

Events

Significance: showed poorer farmers would not

put up w/ a govt that only helped wealthy

Maryland
Date founded: 1632 (proprietary colony)
Founder/Group: Lord Baltimore
Reasons for Settlement: create a refuge
(safe place) for Catholics who were
discriminated against
Significant Facts:

More Protestants settled here

Georgia

Date founded: 1732 (proprietary colony)

Founder/Group: James Oglethorpe
Reasons for Settlement: create a buffer to
protect S. Carolina against Spanish Florida
Significant Facts:
Last of the 13 colonies
Set up as a haven for English
debtors
Because of Oglethorpes strict
rules, it became royal colony
in 1752

The English Colonies

Colony Chart Activity

(part 2):
Read pages 50-52
Complete your chart for ONLY
the following colonies:
Massachusetts (2 settlements)
Rhode Island

New England
Colonies
1.
2.
3.
4.

New Hampshire
Massachusetts
Connecticut
Rhode Island

Massachusetts

Date founded: 1620

Founder/Group:
Pilgrims William
Bradford
Reason for
Settlement: religious
freedom
Significant Facts:
Mayflower Compact 1620
doc. that established
self-government

Plymouth

Date founded: 1630

Founder/Group:
Puritans John
Winthrop
Reason for
Settlement: religious
freedom, create an
ideal society
Significant Facts:

Elected own governor

only ones that did so

Massachusetts Bay

67%

33%

100%

100%

67%

A*

B*

Town
D
E
Meetings

Mayflower Compact
Complete the reading
Select one to two main points from the
reading and share with a partner.
As a group select the main point of the
reading and share with the class.

Half-Way Covenant

Created by 1662 by New

England Puritans

Form of partial church

membership for children
and grandchildren of full
members

Goal: keep current

members & attract new
ones

Rhode Island
Date founded: 1636
Founder/Group: Roger Williams
Reasons for Settlement: create a refuge for
radical Puritans (religious dissenters)
Significant Facts:

Kicked out of Mass. Bay:

Williams pay Indians for land
Anne Hutchinson argued
Mass. had not done enough
to break from Anglican ways

Separation of church & state

New England Colonies: Key

Events

Salem, Massachusetts

major Indian rebellion

1692

1675

Indian chief Metacom

(known as King Phillip)
blamed, but multiple
tribes fought

Indians defeated & lost

most of remaining land

Authorities tried,
convicted, & executed
19 suspected witches

Ended when prominent

citizens were accused

Salem Witch Trials

King Phillips War

What might have caused the hysteria

shown in this image?

New England:
Town Meetings & Legislature
Town Hall Meetings-conducted by local taxpaying citizens (males w/ property) to decide
issues
Massachusetts Legislature established by local towns
to provide local leadership
(not just the Crown)
1684 - Mass. lost its charter
& a new legislature established
Mass. became a royal colony in 1691

The English Colonies

Colony Chart Activity

(part 3):
Read pages 55-59
Complete your chart for ONLY
the following colonies:
New York
Pennsylvania

Work on this part

INDIVIDUALLY

Middle Colonies
1.
2.
3.
4.

New York
Pennsylvania
New Jersey
Delaware

New York (New

Netherland)

Date founded: 1625, taken by English in

1664
Founder/Group: Dutch
Reasons for Settlement: guard the mouth
of the Hudson River to protect fur trade;
English wanted it to control trade
Significant Facts:

Dutch settlement New Amsterdam

later became city of New York
Tolerated other religious groups

Drew diverse group of colonists

Pennsylvania
Date founded: 1682
Founder/Group: William Penn
Reasons for Settlement: debt paid to Penn
by King Charles II of England; created to be a
safe haven for Quakers
Significant Facts:

Quakers followed Inner Light to

understand Bible, men & women
spiritually equal, pacifists,
tolerated other faiths

Peace w/ local Indians

Comparing the
English Colonies

Comparing Regional Cultures:

Economy
New
England

Middle
Colonies

Southern
Colonies

small family
small family
farming most
farms
farms
profitable region,
(livestock & grew
(exporting wheat
profitable)
grew tobacco,
crops for own
rice, indigo
built ships
use, not trade)
(cotton by
trade
exported lumber manufacturing
1790s)
& fish
(glass & iron)
major ports:
built ships
major ports:
Charleston
trade
Philadelphia
New York
manufacturing
major ports:
Boston

Comparing Regional Cultures:

Society
New
England

Middle
Colonies

Southern
Colonies

few African
Americans
middle class
families who
could pay for trip
towns supported
schools = more
people literate
greater economic
equality
a few colleges

few African
Americans
came as families
mix of towns and
small & large
farms
most ethnically &
culturally diverse
a few colleges

African American
majority in areas
poor, young,
single men
indentured
servants
plantation
economy,
slavery
population
spread
far, few schools,
higher illiteracy

Colonial Comparison Chart

Now that you have completed the colonial

comparison chart, turn your sheet over and
complete the Venn Diagram using the
information from the chart.

August 10, 2015

Why

did the Puritans and Quakers create

their own new settlements?

a.
b.

c.
d.

Better soil for farming

More space between neighboring
colonists
Religious freedom and tolerance
Better opportunities for trade

Slavery in the
English Colonies

The Trans-Atlantic Trade

Three-part voyage called triangular trade

Middle Passage forced transport of enslaved

Africans from W. Africa to Americas; cramped ships,
suffered inhumane treatment = 10% died

(pages 68-69)

Slavery in the Colonies

Cause: Southern Colonies

needed plantation workers
First used indentured
servants European
immigration declined by 1660s
First treated like
indentured servants
given freedom
By mid-1600s laws to
support permanent
enslavement

Tight-packing technique

African-American Culture

In North, worked in cities & could earn money to

pay for freedom
Many didnt share a culture (language or religion)
Blended African traditions to create new culture
Most adopted Christianity blended w/ some
African traditions

Policies in the
English Colonies

Englands Policies Toward

Colonies

Government: salutary
neglect allowed colonies
local self-rule

Economic: mercantilism
policy where a nation (mother
country) gained wealth by
exporting more manufactured
goods than it imported; goal:
get gold & silver through trade

New Ideas in the

English Colonies

The Enlightenment

Enlightenment (1600s & 1700s)

thinkers believed that all problems
could be solved using human reason;
challenged old ways

Significance for Colonies:

Inspired Benjamin Franklin scientist (invented lightning rod &
bifocal glasses), political statesmen,
printer, and writer of American
literature (Poor Richards Almanac)
Represented social mobility & colonial
spirit of individualism

The Great Awakening

Great Awakening (mid 1700s)

religious movement that featured

passionate preaching from evangelical
leaders
Preachers:
Jonathan Edwards Sinners in the

Hand of an Angry God

George Whitefield
Significance:

encouraged colonists to think for

themselves on religious matters;
extended to ideas about govt
George Whitefield

SSUSH1
SSUSH1 The student will describe European settlement in North America
during the 17th century.
a. Explain Virginias development; include the Virginia Company, tobacco
cultivation, relationships with Native Americans such as Powhatan,
development of the House of Burgesses, Bacons Rebellion, and the
development of slavery.
b. Describe the settlement of New England; include religious reasons,
relations with Native Americans (e.g., King Phillips War), the
establishment of town meetings and development of a legislature,
religious tensions that led to the founding of Rhode Island, the half-way
covenant, Salem Witch Trials, and the loss of the Massachusetts charter
and the transition to a royal colony.
c. Explain the development of the mid-Atlantic colonies; include the Dutch
settlement of New Amsterdam and subsequent English takeover, and the
settlement of Pennsylvania.
d. Explain the reasons for French settlement of Quebec.
e. Analyze the impact of location and place on colonial settlement,
transportation, and economic development; include the southern, middle,
and New England colonies.