Olsen1

CarolineOlsen
Mr.HerrmannandMr.Rutherford
APUSH
9August2015
TheAmericanPageant(Ch.14)
Chapter1:NewWorldBeginnings(33,000BCE1769CE)
I.)Thoughts/Comments
TheIceAgeshapedN.Americaanespeciallyvitaleffecteffectbeingthelargelakesit
formedwhichultimatelyattractnomadsandallowthemafoundationtosettleand
producecrops.
WhentheIceAgebegan,sealevelsdroppedrevealingalandbridgeforAsiannomadsto
trekacrossandsettleultimatelyleadingthemtobecometheNativeAmericansweare
familiarwithtodayandexplainswhytheircomplexionresemblesoneofAsiandescent.
However,bytheendoftheIceAge,thesealevelsincreasedthuscoveringthatland
bridgeandblockadingitfromfurtherimmigrationbyfoot.
BythetimetheEuropeansarrive,therewillbe54millionpeoplewith2,000different
languagesandculturesdependingonwhereandhowtheysettledintheAmericas.
TheNativeAmericansabilitytoproducefood(especiallycorn)determinedthe
populationdensity.
Duetotheirscatterednumbersandlackofdesiretomanipulatenature,NativeAmericans
leftmuchofAmericaappearinguntouched.

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EventuallywithEuropedesiringexploration,traderoutesweredevelopedtoplaceslike
AfricabutparticularlythePortuguese.Theretheysetupportsforsellinggoldandslaves
forplantations.WhiletherewasaslavetrademarketpriortotheEuropeansexploration,
thePortuguesehasanenormousdesireandanenormousmarketwaitingforthembackin
Portugal.
Marinerscompassandprintingpresseliminatedsomeuncertaintiesofseatravel.This
ledtoChrisColumbustosetoffonhisexpeditioninsearchoftheIndies.However,he
foundtheAmericasbyaccidentthoughhewasstillconvinceditwastheIndiesuponhis
arrival.
Spainbecameadominantrichexploringpowerfromthisexpeditionandthroughthe
TreatyofTordesillas,splittheAmericasandallofitswealthwithPortugal.
HernanCortessailedfromCubatotheAztecEmpirewithintentionofstealingtheirgold
sotheAztecsattackedthem,butwhentheCortesandhisnativealliesfoughtback,they
ultimatelydecreasedthepopulationofAztecsfrom20millionto2million.Hecaused
muchinfightingbetweentheNatives.
Atfirsttheseverityofthecombiningworldcamewithafewbenefitsoftrade,butsoon
theSpanishhadkilledtheNativeAmericansthroughtheirforeigndiseasesand
aggressionandkilledtheirculturesastheyraidedtheNativeAmericansgoldleaving
miseryandadecreasingpopulationofnativesbehind.
II.)Questions
WhateffectwouldNorthAmericaslandscapehaveonthehistoryofournation?

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InwhatwaysdidtheEuropeansmisconceptionsaboutAmericasgeographyinfluence
futureexploration?
WouldtheIndiantribeseventuallyjoinforcestofightofftheforeigners?
DidtheNativesspreaddiseasestotheEuropeans?
DidtheNativeshaveahometurfadvantagewhenfightingtheEuropeans?
III.)Links
http://www.history.com/topics/aztecs
http://www.biography.com/people/christophercolumbus9254209
http://www.biography.com/people/hern%C3%A1ncort%C3%A9s9258320
Chapter2:ThePlantingofEnglishAmerica(15001733)
I.)Thoughts/Comments
WhileSpainssettlementsintheNewWorldwereprovidingthecountrywithplentyof
economicgains,theEnglishwereconsistentlyfailingatalloftheirattempts.Meanwhile,
thistimeofseaexplorationwasalsothetimeoftheProtestantReformationinEngland
withQueenElizabethwhichcausedKingPhillipIIofSpaintoorganizetheSpanish
Armadatoinvade.
EnglanddefeatingtheSpanishArmadawasaturningpointinEnglishandAmerican
historyaswellasfortheirmorale.Suddenlythecountryemphasizedpatriotismand
begandevelopingtheircultureamidstthepride.Mostcrucial,however,washownow
EnglandhadmorecontrolnavigatingtheoceanandtheSpanishwereleftwitha
dampenedmorale.

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TheunemploymentinEnglandaswellastheoverpopulation,driveforreligious
freedomandadventureandbasicallyjustEnglandsstateatthetimecausedtheretobe
someinitialmotiveforriskingoneslifetosettleaforeignland.
BecauseoftheseverepressuresoftheVirginiaCompanytofindgold,colonistssettling
inJamestownputmoreeffortintosearchingforgoldthannourishingthemselveswith
foodandlearningtosurvivewhichwaswhyevenwiththehelpoftheIndiansand
somewhatideallocationattheJamesRiver,afterthewinterof1609,only60colonists
survived.
ThecolonistsinVirginiahadmuchconflictwiththePowhatanIndiansandaftermuch
fightingandattemptsatpeace,thecolonistultimatelydecidedthattheseIndianshadno
worthtothemsotheywerefinedisposingofthemandtheydefeatedIndiansduetheir
disorganization,disease,anddisposability.AndthecolonistswantedlandandtheIndians
gotinthewayofthat.
JamesIwasbeginningtofeelthreatenedastheHouseofBurgesseswasestablishedasa
formofgovernmentsoheputthecolonydirectlyunderhiscontrol.Thiswasjustthe
beginningofEnglandfeelingsinsecureabouttheircontroloverthecolonistswhowere
creatingtheirownnewculturesastheiryearsawayfromEnglandincreased.
Contrastingfromthecoloniestobacco,theWestIndiesgrewamuchmoreprofitable
cropofsugarwhichrequiredmanyslavesandaslavecodethatwouldeventuallybe
takenonintheAmericancoloniesasslaverybecamemorewidespread.
MoreandmorecoloniesbeganinitiatingwarsbetweenIndians.Meanwhile,Georgiawas
establishedasabuffercolonytostandinthemiddleofpotentialFrenchandSpanish

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invasionswhichhinderedtheirabilitytodevelopasquicklyasothercolonies.Georgia
wasacolonyofreligioustolerance(withtheexceptionofCatholicism)
II.)Questions
DidtobaccobecomealessdesirabletradeassugarenteredthemarketthroughtheWest
Indies?
WouldtheIroquoisbandtogetherinordertofightthecolonies?
WhateffectwouldthecolonistshaveonAmericansoilversusthatoftheIndians?
Wasseatravelbecomingmoreefficientwherenotasmanyincomingcolonistswoulddie
ontheway?
AsmoregenerationsofcolonistswerebeingbornintheAmericas,wouldtheygrowup
andfeellessofaconnectionwithEnglandandseeitratherasanoutsidecontrolling
force?
III.)Links
http://www.tolatsga.org/iro.html
http://www.ushistory.com/pages/h624.html
http://www.ushistory.com/pages/h695.html
Chapter3:SettlingtheNorthernColonies(16191700)
I.)Thoughts/Comments
Aroundthe1530s,KingHenryVIIIbrokeawayfromthechurchcreatingtheProtestant
religionwhichsomepeopleinEnglandsupportedfullyandthereforewantedCatholicism
outofEnglandquickly.HoweversomebrokeawayfromtheProtestantreligionandthey
wereknownasSeparatistsandthatwasagroupthatthreatenedKingJamesI

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consequentlycausinghimtothreatentokickthemoutofEngland.Theywouldsearchfor
religiousfreeinAmerica.
ThePilgrimswhosettledinPlymouthwerethefirsttoattemptestablishinganactual
governmentwiththeMayflowerCompact.TheIndianshelpedthemmakeuseoftheland
andgrowcropswhichhelpedatleastafewofthemsurvivethewinter.
DuringtheGreatMigration,70,000refugeesleftEnglandandmostendedupintheWest
Indies.HoweverthosewhowenttoAmericaincreasedthepopulationenoughtomake
lifeinthecoloniesalittlebitdisorganized.Governmentscanhelporganize,butleaders
likeJohnWinthroprefusedtomakeaDemocracybecausehedidnotbelievethepeople
couldhelprunthegovernmentsohedidfor19years.
ReligionwasplayinganextremelyvitalroleinthePuritansocietiesandthosewhospoke
outagainstreligionwerekickedoutofthecolony.RhodeIslandwasestablishedasasafe
havenforreligioustolerance.
WhilejustalittleoveradecadehadpassedsincethePilgrimssignedatreatywiththe
IndiansandhadthefirstThanksgivingtogether,suddenlymoreissuesandwarswere
occurringbetweentheIndiansandthecolonists.
IthinkthatthePuritanswillbemoreeagertogainindependencefromEnglandbecause
Englandkindofkickedthemoutsotheywillhaveillfeelingstowardstheminthelong
run.
FightingbetweentheIndiansandthePuritanshinderedexpansionforawhile,butafter
theIndianswerekilledandnowhadsmallernumbers,theywereforcedtostayoutofthe
colonistsway.

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Duringthecoloniesdevelopment,Englandwasdistractedbytheirowncivilwar,but
whenKingCharlesIItookthethroneandwasabletofocusonAmerica,hewantedto
manageitmorestrictlywhichthecolonistsdidnotlikeespeciallywhentheyhadbeen
workingprefuselytoensuretheirowngovernmentwiththeirownconstitutions.
NewAmsterdam(laterNewYork)becameaboilingpotforreligionswhenitwassettled
bytheDutch.NewAmsterdamwouldbecomeevenmorediversewhentheSwedes
attemptedtoestablishNewSwedenwhichfailedastheDutchfoughtthemoutleaving
behindabitoftheircultureandbloodinAmerica.
However,NewAmsterdamwasanareapromisedtotheDukeofYorksotheEnglish
foughtouttheDutchrenamingtheplaceNewYork.TracesoftheDutchcanbeseenin
thearchitectureandnamesinthecity.
QuakerswhowereapassivepeoplebelievinginbrotherlyloveestablishedPennsylvania
withWilliamPennwheretheytreatedeveryonewithtoleranceincludingtheIndians,but
whenmorebeganhearingofthistolerantplace,notsotolerantpeoplecamefloodingin
causingdisputesandbelittlingtheQuakerculture.
Themiddlecolonieswerewelloffastheyhadgoodsoilandriversflowingthroughthem
sothattheycouldgrowgrainsandtheywerethecoloniesBenFranklinregardedasmost
representativeofAmerica.
II.)Questions
Woulditbehardtodevelopagovernmentinareasthatweresuchmeltingpots?
WastheQuakeridealofbeingtolerantlookedasbeingtoopassiveleadingthemtobe
walkedallover?

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WeretheIndiansnowtoweaktoeverputupafightduringthecolonistsexpansions?
WouldNewEngland,MiddleColonies,ortheSouthernplantationshavethebiggest
voiceasmoreconflictswiththeBritisharise?
WouldthecoloniesgetmorefrustratedbecauseBritainwasanoceanaway?
III.)Links
http://www.ushistory.org/penn/bio.htm
http://www.quaker.org/
http://www.history.com/thisdayinhistory/newamsterdambecomesnewyork
Chapter4:AmericanLifeintheSeventeenthCentury(16071692)
I.)Thoughts/Comments
LifewasgettingmoreroughforpeoplewholivedinChesapeakeastheylackedthe
medicaladvancementstofightoffdiseasecausingmuchofthepopulationtonotlive
muchpasttwentymakingitdifficulttostartafamily.Howeverfamilyunitsworkedwell
andthepopulationincreasedaspeoplebegantogrowimmunetothediseasesthatwiped
outmuchoftheoriginalimmigrants.
ThemaincropinChesapeakewasTobaccostillbuttobaccowasadifficultcropbecause
itruinedthesoilforcingthepeopletoexpandtogetmorelandforthetobaccocrops
whichwouldinterferewiththeIndians.Anotherissuewasgettingpeopletoworkinthe
fieldsbecausesettlersdiedtoooftenfortheretobeasurplusofpopulationforlabor,
AfricanAmericanslavesweretooexpensive,andIndiansdiedtooquicklysomuchofthe
workforcewasindenturedservantsfromEuropewhowouldliveinhardconditionsbut
nowherenearasbadastheslaves.

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BaconsRebellionwasledbypoorindenturedservantsandfarmerswhoweredistraught
aboutthegovernornotprotectingthebackcountryfromIndianraidsandthiswouldlater
leadtoabroaderconflictbetweenthepoorandtheelite.
Bythe1680s,Africanslavetradewasincreasinganditstartedoutasanarrangementfor
economicreasonsbutitwouldultimatelybecomemoreaboutracialdiscriminationwhere
indenturedservantsweretreatednowherenearaspoorlyastheAfricansandatleastthey
hadahopeforfreedom.
Thesocialscaleinthesouthwasplanters,smallfarmers,landlesswhites,andthenslaves.
NewEnglandlookedtoprotecttheintegrityinmarriagesothechurchwouldreceivethe
estateifawomanwastobewidowedwhichwasalittlelesscommonthanitwasinthe
south.
NewEnglandwasalreadyagainstslaveryasitwasntasnecessarywiththeirtobacco
farming.Theywerealsodevelopingademocraticgovernmentaswellasschoolssuchas
WilliamandMaryandHarvard.
TheSalemWitchTrialsoccurredin1692whenyounggirlsaccusedwomenof
bewitchingthemandthewholecommunitywentwithitassomeoftheirconvulsionsand
seizurescouldnotbeexplainedbythemedicalknowledgeofthetime.
ThesoilinNewEnglandwashardtoplantwithsotheyventuredintootherareasfor
economicwellbeingsuchasbuildingshipsandfishingforcod.TheNativeswere
allowedtousethelandbuttheycouldinnowayownit.

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Womenforthemostpartwouldworkdomesticallydoingworksuchassewing,cooking,
weaving,andtakingcareofthechildrenwhilethemenworkedoutsidefencing,planting,
cuttingfirewood,etc.
Resentmentoftheupperclasswasbecomingmoreandmorecommonwithrebellions
similartoBaconsRebellion.
II.)Questions
Weremoreandmoreindenturedservantsbecomingaveragecitizensasslavelabor
increased?
Howwouldwomenreacttotheirlackofrightsthroughouttheyearswheresystemsof
governmentwerebeingestablishedanddeveloped?
Howwereslaveseverabletoestablishthemselvesasfreemen?
III.)Links
https://www.boundless.com/ushistory/textbooks/boundlessushistorytextbook/slavery
andreform1820184016/slaveryintheus122/slavelabor6554660/
http://www.localhistories.org/17thcenturywomen.html
https://www.wou.edu/las/socsci/history/senior_seminar_papers/2009/Holly%20Hartman
%20HST%20499.pdf