By
Kamal Tawfiq
Fall 2007
= c + n tan
Soil Cohesion
Angle of Friction
Yield Surface
tan
c n
c
n
Normal
Force
Shearing
Force
= Horizontal Displacement
= N/A
Failure
Failure
Failure
Failure
Test #
1
2
3
Shear at Failure ()
tan
c n
Deviator Stress
Failure
cu
Cuqu/2
qu
Failure Surface
Step 1
Step 2
Failure
Confining
Pressure
n
c
cu
tan
Deviator Stress
Step 1
Step 2
Failure
Confining
Pressure
n
c
tan
cd
Step 1
Step 2
Failure
Confining
Pressure
cu
1- Applying
Confining
Stresses
2- Loading
Each Circle
=
One Test
2
2
3- At Failure
Deviator stress = f
+
Axial
= 1 stress
+
Confining stress = 2
2
+
Failure
Surface
f
= deviator stress
=1
Failure Surface
Cohesion =
2 1
n
By Kamal Tawfiq, Ph.D., P.E.
1- Applying
Confining
Stresses
total = eff + u
2- Loading
(Undrained)
(Consolidation)
Total
Stresses
= total
Effective
Stresses
= eff
(Undrained)
Axial
= 1 stress
Deviator stress = f
3- At Failure
Confining stress = 2
Pore Water
Pressure
=u
2
+
Pore
Water
Pressure
( u)
f
= deviator stress
=1
Total
Stress
Circle
Ceff or C
Cohesion = c
Effective
Stress
Circle
ufailure
ufailure
n
By Kamal Tawfiq, Ph.D., P.E.