KELAINAN BAWAAN

MUSKULOSKELETAL

CONGENITAL DEFORMITIES
PRESENT AT BIRTH
MAY NOT BE APPARENT UNTIL THE
CHILD IS OLDER

 DEVIATIONS OF NORMAL EVOKE

SUSPICION
OTHER ORGAN SYSTEM SHOULD BE
EVALUATED TO RULE OUT OTHER
GENETIC AND CHROMOSOMAL
DISORDERS

CONGENITAL DEFORMITIES
OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES

DEVELOPMENTAL DYSPLASIA
OF THE HIP
CONGENITAL DYSPLASIA OF THE HIP
CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF THE
HIP
CONGENITAL SUBLUXATION OF THE
HIP

 LIGAMENTOUS LAXITY IS DETECTABLE

AT BIRTH
NEONATES ARE ASYMPTOMATIC
LIMP, WADDLING GAIT PATTERN, OR A
LIMB LENGTH DISCREPANCY
BARLOW TEST
ORTOLANI MANEUVER
GALEAZZI SIGN

COXA VARA
DECREASE IN THE NORMAL NECKSHAFT ANGLE OF THE FEMUR
ASSOCIATED WITH CONGENITAL
SHORT FEMURAL PROXIMAL FOCAL
DEFICIENCY
ABDUCTOR MUSCLE WEAKNESS,
TRENDELENBURG GAIT
ABNORMALITY, LIMB LENGTH
DISCREPANCY

CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF
THE KNEE
HYPEREXTENSION OF THE KNEE AT
BIRTH
ASSOCIATED ABNORMALITIES SUCH
AS HIP DISLOCATION OR CLUBFOOT

CONENITAL DISLOCATON OF
THE PATELA
MAY NOT APPARENT FOR SEVERAL
MONTHS AFTER BIRTH
PERSISTENT FLEXION CONTRACTURE
OF THE KNEE AND EXTERNAL
ROTATION OF THE LEG
THE PATELLA MAY NOT BE PALPABLE
IN ITS DISLOCATED LATERAL
POSITION

POSTEROMEDIAL BOWING OF
THE TIBIA
LIMB LENGTH
DISCREPANCY
THE BOWING
IMPROVES WITH
GROWTH

ANTEROLATERAL BOWING OF
THE TIBIA
MIGHT OR MIGHT NOT APPARENT AT
BIRTH
OFTEN ASSOCIATED WITH
NEUROFIBROMATOSIS
PROGRESSES TO CONGENITAL
PSEUDOARTHROSIS OF THE TIBIA

CALCANEOVALGUS FOOT
MARKED DORSOFLEXION OF THE
ANKLE
DEFICIENT ACTIVITY OF THE PLANTAR
FLEXORS
LIPOMYELOMENINGOCELE OR SOME
OTHER NEUROLOGIC CONDITION

CONGENITAL VERTICAL TALUS

RIGID FLATFOOT DEFORMITY
IDIOPATHIC, FAMILIAL, OR
ASSOCIATED WITH NEUROMUSCULAR
OR CHROMOSOMAL ABNORMALITIES

CONENITAL SHORT FIRST

METATARSAL
SHORTHENING AND OFTEN
ASSOCIATED WITH HALLUX VARUS
PROBLEM WITH SHOE WEAR

CONGENITAL CURLY TOE

FLEXION AND MEDIAL ROTATION OF
THE TOE

POLYDACTYLY
THE PRESENT OF
ACCESSORY TOE

CLUBFOOT
CONGENITAL TALIPES EQUINOVARUS
(CTEV)
PLANTAR FLEXION(EQUINUS)OF THE
ANKLE, ADDUCTION(VARUS) OF THE
HEEL, HIGH ARCH(CAVUS) AT THE MID
FOOT, AND ADDUCTION OF THE
FOREFOOT
DD/ NEUROMUSCULAR CLUBFOOT,
ARTHROGRYPOSIS, CONGENITAL
CONSTRICTION SYNDROME

 WALK ON THE TOP

OR DORSOLATERAL
ASPECT OF THE
FOOT

TREATMENT
MANIPULATION AND CASTING
SURGERY

CONGENITAL DEFORMITY
OF THE UPPER EXTREMITY

SYNDACTYLY
THE LACK OF NORMAL SEPARATION
BETWEEN FINGERS OR TOES
VARY FROM WEB OF SKIN TO A BONY
FUSHION (SYNOSTOSIS)
GROWTH MAY CAUSE PROGRESSIVE
DEVIATION OF THE CONJOINED
FINGERS

CONGENITAL RADIO-ULNAR
SYNOSTOSIS
THE PROXIMAL ENDS OF THE RADIUS
AND ULNA FAIL TO SEPARATE
INABILITY TO PRONATE AND SUPINATE
THE FOREARM

CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF
THE RADIAL HEAD
MOST COMMONLY DEVELOPS
POSTERIORLY AND TYPICALLY
BILATERAL
ELBOW DEFORMITY AND LIMITED
MOTION
THE DISLOCATED RADIAL HEAD
OFTEN PRESENT AND PALPABLE
PROMINENCE ON THE LATERAL SIDE
OF THE ELBOW

CONGENITAL DELETION OF
THE LOWER EXTREMITIES

 LIMB LENGTH DISCREPANCY

INCREASES AS THE CHILD GROWS
PATIENT CAN BE QUITE FUNGTIONAL
WITH A POSTHESIS

FIBULAR HEMIMELIA
CONGENITAL
ABSENCE OF THE
FIBULA

TIBIAL HEMIMELIA
CONGENITAL
ABSENCE OF THE
TIBIA

PROXIMAL FEMORAL FOCAL

DEFICIENCY
DYSGENESIS OF THE PROXIMAL
FEMUR WITH COXA VARA AND/OR
PSEUDOARTHROSIS OF THE
FEMORAL NECK
SHORTENING OF THE FEMUR IS
MARKED

CONGENITAL DELETION OF
THE UPPER EXTREMITIES

HYPOPLASIA/ABSENCE OF THE
THUMB
HYPOPLASTIC THUMB MAY BE SMALL,
OR THIN DUE TO DEFICIENT
DEVELOPMENT OF THE THENAR
MUSCULATURE

RADIAL HEMIMELIA
RADIAL CLUB HAND

ULNAR HEMIMELIA

TRANSVERSE DEFICIENCY OF
THE FOREARM
CONGENITAL BELLOW ELBOW
AMPUTATION
CONGENITAL CONSTRICTION BAND
SYNDROME